Preoperative localization of parathyroid glands in secondary hyperparathyroidism: correlations between 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT/CT, ultrasound, and pathological characteristics.

Objective: To investigate the association between imaging findings and histopathological characteristics of parathyroid glands in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).

Methods: Seventy-four glands from 21 patients with SHPT who underwent parathyroidectomy were evaluated for their pathological characteristics. The detection rates of parathyroid glands using ultrasound (US) and 99Tc-MIBI-SPECT/CT (MIBI) were compared.

Collaborative filtering based on GNN with attribute fusion and broad attention.

Recommender systems based on collaborative filtering (CF) have been a prominent area of research. In recent years, graph neural networks (GNN) based CF models have effectively addressed the limitations of nonlinearity and higher-order feature interactions in traditional recommendation methods, such as matrix decomposition-based methods and factorization machine approaches, achieving excellent recommendation performance. However, existing GNN-based CF models still have two problems that affect performance improvement.

Multi-omics insights into the molecular signature and prognosis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Approximately two-thirds of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, with the worst prognosis among head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Identifying biomarkers for high-risk patients requiring aggressive treatment is crucial. We present mutational, transcriptomic, and proteomic studies of 103 Chinese HPSCC patients and observe a higher prevalence and poorer prognosis in males.

A study on the therapeutic effect of precise clipping of intracranial aneurysms assisted by CTA and 3D-slicer software.

Objective: To evaluate the application of Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) combined with 3D-Slicer software reconstruction technology in the diagnosis and preoperative planning of intracranial aneurysms, and to explore its positive significance in improving surgical outcomes for patients.

Methods: From January 2021 to December 2023, a total of 24 patients diagnosed with intracranial aneurysms (25 cases) underwent craniotomy clipping surgery. We utilized 3D-Slicer to render and fuse preoperative CTA image data, and to formulate individualized surgical plans, including approach, bone window, anticipated protection of the aneurysm-bearing artery and perforating arteries, and compared these with the actual surgical procedures.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass-associated fecal tyramine promotes colon cancer risk via increased DNA damage, cell proliferation, and inflammation.

Background: Fecal abundances of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae are elevated in patients following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. Concurrently, fecal concentrations of tyramine, derived from gut bacterial metabolism of tyrosine and/or food, increased post-RYGB. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that RYGB is associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.

Genetic Analysis of the Awn Length Gene in the Rice Chromosome Segment Substitution Line CSSL29.

Awn length is a significant agronomic trait in rice. To analyze the genetic mechanism of awn length in the chromosome segment substitution line 29 (CSSL29) derived from 9311 (recipient) into Nipponbare (NIP, donor), an F segregated population was constructed from 9311 (indica) and CSSL29. The population and candidate genes were analyzed using quantitative trait loci sequencing (QTL-seq), yeast two-hybrid assays, and 3 k and 10 k rice population databases.

Ephrin-B2 acts as a positive regulator of osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling.

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the role and potential mechanisms of Ephrin-B2 signaling in osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling and to provide guidance for periodontal tissue engineering.

Materials And Methods: Considering the close relationship between periodontitis and periodontal bone defects, single-cell transcriptomic data from periodontal tissues in published databases (GEO number: GSE171213) were analyzed to characterize Ephrin-B2 signaling between osteoblastic lineages and endothelial cells. To observe the effects and mechanisms of Ephrin-B2 in angiogenesis and periodontal bone regeneration, osteoblasts were constructed that overexpress Ephrin-B2 and were then co-cultured with human umbilical vein cells (HUVECs).

Peripheral nerves modulate the peri-implant osteogenesis under type 2 diabetes through exosomes derived from schwann cells via miR-15b-5p/Txnip signaling axis.

Studies have shown that the prognosis of dental implant treatment in patients with diabetes is not as good as that in the non-diabetes population. The nerve plays a crucial role in bone metabolism, but the role and the mechanism of peripheral nerves in regulating peri-implant osteogenesis under Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) situation remains unclear. In this study, it was shown that high glucose-stimulated Schwann cells (SCs) inhibited peri-implant osteogenesis via their exosomes.

A Spiropyran-Based Hydrogel Composite for Wearable Detectors to Monitor Visible Light Intensity to Prevent Myopia.

A wearable detector to monitor visible light intensity is realized by the restrained photochromism of a hydrogel composite containing light-responsive spiropyran with hydroxyl groups (SPOH). When exposed to visible light, the SPOH experiences a ring-opening to a ring-closed transition accompanied by discoloration from red to yellow. Unlike in the solution, the photochromism/discoloration rate is strongly correlated to the cross-linking points.

Enhancement of mechanical properties in reactive polyurethane film via in-situ assembly of embedded cellulose nanocrystals.

Comparing to the solvent-based and waterborne polyurethanes (PU), the solvent-free reactive PU (RPU) is prepared via in-situ polymerization and film-formation of isocyanate-capped prepolymers and macromolecular polyols in solvent-free system. Thus, the carbon emissions and environmental pollutions are significantly reduced. However, the rapid polymerization also challenges the well control of structure and properties, especially the ordered microstructures.

Modulating Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Neuropathic Pain: Role of Anterior Cingulate Cortex Astrocytes Activation.

Aims: The comorbidity of anxiety-like symptoms in neuropathic pain (NP) is a significant yet often overlooked health concern. Anxiety sufferers may have a lower tolerance for pain, but which is difficult to treat. Accumulating evidence suggests a strong link between astrocytes and the manifestation of NP with concurrent anxiety-like behaviors.

Serum uric acid levels and intracerebral hemorrhage: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Previous observational studies have generated controversy regarding the correlation between serum uric acid (UA) levels and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), with the causal relationship remaining uncertain. To assess the potential causal relationship between serum UA levels and ICH, two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was applied.

Methods: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) closely associated with serum UA were retrieved from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) database, including 580,505 individuals of European descent.

Effects of fine particulate matter and its chemical constituents on influenza-like illness in Guangzhou, China.

Background: Although the link between fine particulate matter (PM) and influenza-like illness (ILI) is well established, the effect of the chemical constituents of PM on ILI remains unclear. This study aims to explore this effect in Guangzhou, China.

Methods: Daily data on ILI cases, PM levels, and specific PM constituents (black carbon [BC], chlorine [Cl], ammonia [NH], nitrate [NO], and sulfate [SO]) in Guangzhou, China, were collected for the period of 2014-2019.

3D-finite element analysis and weibull analysis of maxillary first molar restored with endocrowns with different pulpal extensions compared with conventional crowns with post-and-core.

Background: Rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth with large coronal destruction is still a clinical challenge. No established guidelines specify where a conventional crown with fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post-and-resin core or an endocrown (EC) is indicated and which material or pulpal extension should be used.

Objective: To provide evidence for restoring severely damaged maxillary first molar (MFM) by comparing the fracture and debonding resistance after being restored with the ceramic EC and the conventional zirconia crown and FRC post-and-resin core.

Variability in Cardiometabolic Parameters and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Older Adults: Evidence From 2 Prospective Cohorts.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess the individual and joint associations of variability in multiple cardiometabolic parameters with mortality risk across older populations.

Methods: A total of 51,551 Chinese elderly participants (aged ≥60 years) with ≥3 measurements of systolic blood pressure, visceral adiposity index, fasting blood glucose, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol during 2018-2022 were included. Variability metrics included SD, coefficient of variation, average real variability, and variability independent of the mean (used in primary analysis).

Allyl isothiocyanate exacerbates acute toxoplasmosis through inhibition of inflammatory cytokines.

Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a natural product commonly used in food preservation and pharmaceutical applications. Toxoplasmosis, caused by the protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma gondii, is prevalent globally while the impact of AITC on toxoplasmosis is unclear. We explored the effect of AITC on acute toxoplasmosis.

Asymmetrical calcium ions induced stress and remodeling in lipid bilayer membranes.

Ca ions play crucial roles in regulating many chemical and biological processes, but their impact on lipid bilayer membranes remains elusive, especially when the impacts on the two leaflets are asymmetrical. Using a recently developed multisite Ca model, we performed molecular dynamics simulations to study the impact of Ca on the properties of membranes composed of POPC and POPS and observed that both the structure and fluidity of the membranes were significantly affected. In particular, we examined the influence of asymmetrically distributed Ca on asymmetric lipid bilayers and found that imbalanced stress in the two leaflets was generated, with the negatively charged leaflet on the Ca-rich side becoming more condensed, which in turn induced membrane curvature that bent the membrane away from the Ca-rich side.

Enhanced anti-bacterial properties and thermal regulation via photothermal conversion with localized surface plasmon resonance effect in cotton fabrics.

Enhanced anti-bacterial properties and thermal regulation are realized in cotton fabrics cross-linked with hybrid poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol methacrylate) nanogels containing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), denoted as hybrid P(MA-co-MA-co-EGMA)/Au nanogels. Pure P(MA-co-MA-co-EGMA) nanogels are synthesized by emulsion polymerization as carriers and then embedded with Au NPs via in-situ reduction. By applying 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid as a cross-linker and changing the amount of hybrid P(MA-co-MA-co-EGMA)/Au nanogels in solution, the weight gain ratios of hybrid nanogels on cotton fabrics are set as 10 % (CHN-10) and 20 % (CHN-20).

Au/CeO Nanozyme Scaffold Boosts Electron and Hydrogen Transfer for NIR-Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy.

CeO nanozymes have demonstrated the potential to enhance biological scaffolds with chemodynamic therapy. However, their catalytic efficacy is limited by the slow conversion of Ce to Ce and the lack of substrates like HO and H. To address these challenges, we adopted a dual-pronged strategy that utilized the plasmonic resonance of Au nanoparticles and their glucose-oxidase mimicry to boost electron and hydrogen transfer.

Eye of the future: Unlocking the potential utilization of hydrogels in intraocular lenses.

Hydrogels are distinguished by their exceptional ability to absorb and retain large volumes of water within their complex three-dimensional polymer networks, which is advantageous for the development of intraocular lenses (IOLs). Their innate hydrophilicity offers an optimal substrate for the fabrication of IOLs that simulate the natural lens' accommodation, thereby reducing irritation and facilitating healing after surgery. The swelling and water retention characteristics of hydrogels contribute to their notable biocompatibility and versatile mechanical properties.

Exceptional points induced by unidirectional coupling in electronic circuits.

Exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems have attracted considerable attention due to their novel applications in several fields such as optics, electronics, and mechanics. Typically, exceptional points are constructed through gain and loss modulation or dissipative coupling within the framework of parity-time symmetry or anti-parity-time symmetry. Recent demonstration of unidirectional coupling in optical resonators to create exceptional points has offered an alternative approach.