Corrigendum: Dual-Targeting Nanoparticle-Mediated Gene Therapy Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Delivering Small Interfering RNA.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.

Dual-Targeting Nanoparticle-Mediated Gene Therapy Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Delivering Small Interfering RNA.

As a gene therapy strategy, RNA interference (RNAi) offers tremendous tumor therapy potential. However, its therapeutic efficacy is restricted by its inferior ability for targeted delivery and cellular uptake of small interfering RNA (siRNA). This study sought to develop a dual-ligand nanoparticle (NP) system loaded with siRNA to promote targeted delivery and therapeutic efficacy.

P-21-activated kinase 1 contributes to tumor angiogenesis upon photodynamic therapy via the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective oncotherapy and has been approved for clinical application. Unfortunately, its therapeutic efficacy is usually overshadowed by tumor angiogenesis. Thus, a detailed understanding of the tumor angiogenesis upon PDT is imperative.

Biodistribution and biocompatibility of glycyrrhetinic acid and galactose-modified chitosan nanoparticles as a novel targeting vehicle for hepatocellular carcinoma.

The dual-ligand glycyrrhetinic acid and galactose-modified chitosan nanoparticles were designed to further improve the targeting capability to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The dual-ligand glycyrrhetinic acid and galactose-modified chitosan nanoparticles were fabricated by using ionic gelation method and their characteristics have been measured. Furthermore, the biodistribution and biocompatibility of this targeting vehicle were investigated and , respectively.

Higd1a Protects Cells from Lipotoxicity under High-Fat Exposure.

Hypoxia-inducible gene domain family member 1A (Higd1a) has recently been reported to protect cells from hypoxia by helping to maintain normal mitochondrial function. The potential induction of Higd1a under high-fat exposure and whether it could protect cells from oxidative stress attracted our attention. Initially, 0.

Theranostic Nanodots with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristic for Targeted and Image-Guided Photodynamic Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Photosensitizer (PS) serves as the central element of photodynamic therapy (PDT). The use of common nanoparticles (NPs) for PDT has typically been rendered less effective by the undesirable aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, resulting in quenched fluorescence and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that diminish the imaging quality and PDT efficacy. To overcome the ACQ effect and to enhance the overall efficacy of PDT, herein, integrin αβ-targeted organic nanodots for image-guided PDT were designed and synthesized based on a red emissive aggregation-induced emission (AIE) PS.

Effect of Huaier granule on recurrence after curative resection of HCC: a multicentre, randomised clinical trial.

Objective: There is little evidence that adjuvant therapy after radical surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) improves recurrence-free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS). We conducted a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase IV trial evaluating the benefit of an aqueous extract of Murr (Huaier granule) to address this unmet need.

Design And Results: A total of 1044 patients were randomised in 2:1 ratio to receive either Huaier or no further treatment (controls) for a maximum of 96 weeks.

Clinical application of carbon nanoparticles in curative resection for colorectal carcinoma.

Purpose: To explore the potential of carbon nanoparticles (CNs) for the intraoperative detection of positive and negative lymph nodes in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: The clinical data of 470 patients undergoing surgical procedures for colorectal cancer from June 2010 to February 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into the CN group (183 males and 161 females; mean age, 58.

One-Step Formulation of Targeted Aggregation-Induced Emission Dots for Image-Guided Photodynamic Therapy of Cholangiocarcinoma.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a palliative technique that can improve median survival with minimal invasion for cholangiocarcinoma (CC) patients. An ideal photosensitizer (PS) is critical to guarantee the efficacy of PDT. However, conventional PSs have some obvious drawbacks, such as lack of specificity and easy aggregation in aqueous media that limit their further application in the clinic.

Initial 12-h operative fluid volume is an independent risk factor for pleural effusion after hepatectomy.

Pleural effusion after hepatectomy is associated with significant morbidity and prolonged hospital stays. Several studies have addressed the risk factors for postoperative pleural effusion. However, there are no researches concerning the role of the initial 12-h operative fluid volume.

Ligand-based targeted therapy: a novel strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy is recommended to patients with intermediate or advanced stage cancer. However, the conventional chemotherapy yields low desired response rates due to multidrug resistance, fast clearance rate, nonspecific delivery, severe side effects, low drug concentration in cancer cells, and so on.

A new alkaloid from Nodulisporium sp.

The genus Nodulisporium, is known to produce secondary metabolites with structural diversity. A new alkaloid, 2-hy- droxy-1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-one(1), was isolated from the extract of a fungal strain Nodulisporium sp. fermented with rice, together with three known phenols, tyrosol(2), hydroxytyrosol(3), and hydroxytyrosol acetate(4).

Nodulisporipyrones A-D, new bioactive α-pyrone derivatives from Nodulisporium sp.

Four new α-pyrone derivatives, nodulisporipyrones A-D (1-4), were isolated from the extract of an endolichenic fungal strain Nodulisporium sp. (65-12-7-1) that was fermented with rice. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations were determined by modified Mosher's method and electronic circular dichroism experiments.

Emerging role of Toll-like receptor 4 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling has been implicated in inflammatory-related cancers. The upregulation of TLR signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) suggests that it may play an essential role in the prognosis of chronic and inflammatory diseases that ultimately culminate in HCC. Here, we provide evidence about the involvement of the TLR pathway in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of HCC.

Transarterial (chemo)embolization for curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Purpose: To assess the beneficial and harmful effects of transarterial embolization (TAE) or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: The authors conducted an extensive search of studies on this strategy. All randomized controlled trials comparing TACE or TAE plus operation versus operation only were considered for inclusion, regardless of blinding, language, or publication status.

Mouse A6-positive hepatic oval cells derived from embryonic stem cells.

Oval cells have a potential to differentiate into a variety of cell lineages including hepatocytes and biliary epithelia. Several models have been established to activate the oval cells by incorporating a variety of toxins and carcinogens, alone or combined with surgical treatment. Those models are obviously not suitable for the study on human hepatic oval cells.

Chaetoglobosin Y, a new cytochalasan from Chaetomium globosum.

Chaetoglobosin Y (1), was isolated from the endolichenic fungal strain Chaetomium globosum (No. 64-5-8-2), along with related six known cytochalasans, chaetoglobosin Fex (2), chaetoglobosin E (3), isochaetoglobosin D (4), chaetoglobosin G (5), cytoglobosin B (6), and cytoglobosin C (7). Their structures were determined by detailed spectroscopic analyses and comparison with those of the closely related compounds previously reported.

Nodulisporisteriods A and B, the first 3,4-seco-4-methyl-progesteroids from Nodulisporium sp.

Two new 4-methyl-progesteroids, nodulisporisteriod A (1) and nodulisporisteriod B (2), were isolated from the extract of an endolichenic fungal strain Nodulisporium sp. (No. 65-17-2-1), along with two related metabolites, demethoxyviridin (3) and inoterpene B (4).

Antiviral therapy after curative treatment of hepatitis B/C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review of randomized trials.

Aim: Available published work on the benefit of adjuvant antiviral therapy after curative treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) reports controversial results. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of adjuvant antiviral therapy on recurrence and survival after curative treatment of HCC.

Methods: We conducted an extensive search strategy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma and macrophage interaction induced tumor immunosuppression via Treg requires TLR4 signaling.

Aim: To investigated the interaction between toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-activated hepatoma cells and macrophages in the induction of tumor-immune suppression mediated by CD4+CD25(high) family of transcription factor P3 (FOXP3) regulatory T cells (Tregs).

Methods: The proportion of FOXP3+ Tregs was identified in peripheral blood and tumor tissues of 60 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. TLR4 expression was examined in tumor tissues and cell lines.

Serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 as a prognostic factor in cholangiocarcinoma: a meta-analysis.

This study was performed to determine the prognostic role of preoperative serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 levels in the survival of patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Articles published up to June 1(st), 2010 that evaluated preoperative CA19-9 levels and the prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma were collected for meta-analysis. The required information for calculating individual relative risk (RR) was extracted from the studies, and a combined overall RR was estimated.

Hyaluronic acid fragments evoke Kupffer cells via TLR4 signaling pathway.

Kupffer cells, expressing toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), play a central role in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Hyaluronic acid (HA) fragments, degradative products of high-molecular-weight HA (HMW-HA), acquire the ability to activate immune cells under inflammatory conditions. Here we investigated whether HA fragments could activate Kupffer cells and analyzed the underlying mechanism.

[Effect of mitofusin-2 gene in apoptosis of human breast carcinoma cell line in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the role of mitofusin-2 gene (mfn2) in apoptosis in human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 cells after in vitro transfection.

Methods: pEGFP mfn2 was transfected by sofast in vitro. Expression of GFP was observed by Western blot, and the MCF-7 cell proliferation was measured by MTT and cell counting.

[Expression and biological activities of arresten in CHO cells].

Objective: To explore the eukaryotic expression of arresten in CHO cells and to investigate its basic biological activities.

Methods: CHO cells were divided into three groups: transfected pSecTag-arresten group, transfected pSecTag group and control group without transfection. PSecTag-arresten was transfected into CHO cells by Lipofectamine 2000 method.