Rapid Reduction of Phytotoxicity in Green Waste for Use as Peat Substitute: Optimization of Ammonium Incubation Process.

The rapid growth of the horticultural industry has increased demand for soilless cultivation substrates. Peat, valued for its physical and chemical properties, is widely used in soilless cultivation. However, peat is non-renewable, and over-extraction poses serious ecological risks.

Mechanistic Insights into NO-Halide Ions Chemistry at the Air-Water Interface.

The activation of halogens (X = Cl, Br, I) by NO is linked to NO sources, ozone concentrations, NO reactivity, and the chemistry of halide-containing aerosol particles. However, a detailed chemical mechanism is still lacking. Herein, we explored the chemistry of the NO···X systems at the air-water interface.

Two-dimensional ice-like water adlayers on a mica surface with and without a graphene coating under ambient conditions.

Water tends to wet all hydrophilic surfaces under ambient conditions, and the first water adlayers on solids are important for a broad range of physicochemical phenomena and technological processes, including corrosion, wetting, lubrication, anti-icing, catalysis, and electrochemistry. Unfortunately, challenges in characterizing the first water adlayer in the laboratory have hampered molecular-level understanding of the contact water structure. Herein, we present the first molecular dynamics simulation evidence of a previously unreported ice-like adlayer structure (named as Ice-AL-II) on a prototype mica surface under ambient conditions.

Tuning hydrogen bond network connectivity in the electric double layer with cations.

Hydrogen bond (H-bond) network connectivity in electric double layers (EDLs) is of paramount importance for interfacial HER/HOR electrocatalytic processes. However, it remains unclear whether the cation-specific effect on H-bond network connectivity in EDLs exists. Herein, we report simulation evidence from molecular dynamics that cations at Pt(111)/water interfaces can tune the structure and the connectivity of H-bond networks in EDLs.

The performance of OPC and OPC3 water models in predictions of 2D structures under nanoconfinement.

Nanoconfined water plays an important role in broad fields of science and engineering. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been widely used to investigate water phases under nanoconfinement. The key ingredient of MD is the force field.

Growth of millimeter-sized 2D metal iodide crystals induced by ion-specific preference at water-air interfaces.

Conventional liquid-phase methods lack precise control in synthesizing and processing materials with macroscopic sizes and atomic thicknesses. Water interfaces are ubiquitous and unique in catalyzing many chemical reactions. However, investigations on two-dimensional (2D) materials related to water interfaces remain limited.

Research Progress on Hygroscopic Agents for Atmospheric Water Harvesting Systems.

Adsorptive atmospheric water harvesting systems (AWHs) represent an innovative approach to collecting freshwater resources from the atmosphere, with a hygroscopic agent at their core. This method has garnered significant attention due to its broad applicability, strong recycling capacity, and sustainability. It is being positioned as a key technology to address global freshwater scarcity.

Revealing the Impact of Gut Microbiota on Acne Through Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: The association between acne and gut microbiota has garnered considerable attention; nevertheless, given the substantial diversity within gut microbiota, the precise cause-and-effect relationship linking specific microbial species to acne remains elusive. To address this gap in knowledge, our study utilized Mendelian randomization analysis to elucidate a potential causal link between gut microbiota composition and acne development while also investigating underlying mechanisms involving microbial factors associated with metabolic disorders.

Materials And Methods: The independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) closely associated with 196 gut microbiota samples (N=18340) were selected as variable tools.

Puckered Zigzag Monolayer Ice: Does a Confined Flat Four-Coordinated Monolayer Ice Always Have a Corresponding Puckered Phase?

We note that a flat, four-coordinated monolayer ice under confinement always has a corresponding puckered phase. Recently, a monolayer ice consisting of an array of zigzag water chains (ZZMI) predicted by first-principles calculations of water under confinement is a flat four-coordinated monolayer ice. Herein, to investigate whether puckered ZZMI exists stably, we perform molecular dynamics simulations of two-dimensional (2D) ice formation for water constrained in graphene nanocapillaries.

Excessive Iodine Enabled Ultrathin Inorganic Perovskite Growth at the Liquid-Air Interface.

The liquid-air interface offers a platform for the in-plane growth of free-standing materials. However, it is rarely used for inorganic perovskites and ultrathin non-layered perovskites. Herein the liquid-air interfacial synthesis of inorganic perovskite nanosheets (Cs Bi I , Cs Sb I ) is achieved simply by drop-casting the precursor solution with only the addition of iodine.

Two P450 genes, CYP6SN3 and CYP306A1, involved in the growth and development of Chilo suppressalis and the lethal effect caused by vetiver grass.

Chilo suppressalis is a widely distributed pest occurring in nearly all paddy fields, which has developed high level resistance to different classes of insecticides. Vetiver grass has been identified as a dead-end trap plant for the alternative control of C. suppressalis.

Deep CTS: a Deep Neural Network for Identification MRI of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common peripheral nerve disease in adults; it can cause pain, numbness, and even muscle atrophy and will adversely affect patients' daily life and work. There are no standard diagnostic criteria that go against the early diagnosis and treatment of patients. MRI as a novel imaging technique can show the patient's condition more objectively, and several characteristics of carpal tunnel syndrome have been found.

Prognostic significance of pseudocapsule status in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Background: We sought to determine whether pseudocapsule (PS) features have prognostic implications in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 231 patients diagnosed with mRCC and treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors; 188 patients with data available regarding the tumor-parenchyma interfacial PS of the primary tumor were enrolled for analysis. PS status was evaluated as intact (grade 0), merely involved (grade 1), penetrated (grade 2), and absent (grade 3).

The Essential Oil of H.Lév. and Vaniot Attenuates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in THP-1 Cells.

H. Lév. and Vaniot is a traditional medical herb that has been used for a long time in China and other Asian counties.

No Detection of Pseudocapsule of Tumor-Parenchyma Interface on Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Images: Clinical Significance and Histological Reflections in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: Pseudocapsule (PS) of tumor-parenchyma interface (TPI) can be detected by MDCT (ctPS) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with exceptions. We aim to study the prognostic implications and histological reflections of no detection of ctPS in RCC.

Patients And Methods: A total of 210 RCC patients who had MDCT examination and received nephrectomy in our institution were included in the analysis.

Intratumoral CXCL13CD8T cell infiltration determines poor clinical outcomes and immunoevasive contexture in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13) was known as a selective chemotaxis for B cells, a product of follicular helper CD4T cells (T) and a contributor to tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). Although secretion and function of CXCL13 produced by T have been deeply explored, the immune function and prognostic significance of CXCL13 secreted by CD8T cells still remain unrevealed. This study aims to investigate the clinical merit of CXCL13CD8T cells in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Identification and validation of poor prognosis immunoevasive subtype of muscle-invasive bladder cancer with tumor-infiltrating podoplanin cell abundance.

The choice of chemo- or immuno-therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients remains contentious. Podoplanin is newly identified as an immune checkpoint which intrigues us to explore the clinical significance and immunoregulatory role of tumor-infiltrating podoplanin cells (PDPN cells) in MIBC. A retrospective analysis of 259 MIBC patients from Zhongshan Hospital (n = 141) and Shanghai Cancer Center (n = 118) was conducted.

Tumor-infiltrating TNFRSF9 CD8 T cells define different subsets of clear cell renal cell carcinoma with prognosis and immunotherapeutic response.

Objectives: Tumor necrosis receptor super family (TNFRSF) plays an important role in regulating the function of CD8 T cells. In this study, we explored the clinical significance and immune profile of TNFRSF9 CD8 T cells in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: The infiltration of immune cells was determined by immunohistochemistry in ZS cohort from our hospital and their prognostic value was further determined by Cox regression.

Identification and validation of an excellent prognosis subtype of muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients with intratumoral CXCR5 CD8 T cell abundance.

Bladder cancer is the ninth most frequent-diagnosed disease worldwide, bearing high morbidity and mortality rates. Studies have shown that a particular population of CXCR5CD8 T cells was associated with superior prognosis in various tumor types, and yet its role in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains unclear. In this study, 662 MIBC patients from 3 cohorts (Zhongshan Hospital, = 141; Shanghai Cancer Center, = 108; The Cancer Genome Atlas, = 403) were analyzed retrospectively.

Intratumoral CCR5 neutrophils identify immunogenic subtype muscle-invasive bladder cancer with favorable prognosis and therapeutic responses.

Our previous studies revealed tumor-infiltrating neutrophils (TINs) played dichotomous roles in different cancers, indicating diverse TINs subtypes might orchestrate anti-tumor immunity or immune evasion, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and immune characteristics of CCR5TINs in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Two hundred and fifty-seven MIBC patients from two clinical centers and 95 fresh MIBC samples were included.

Intratumoral TIGIT CD8 T-cell infiltration determines poor prognosis and immune evasion in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) is identified as a novel checkpoint receptor that can facilitate immune escape via mediating T-cell exhaustion in tumors. However, the clinical significance and immune contexture correlation of intratumoral TIGIT CD8 T-cells remain to be further explored in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Methods: 259 patients with MIBC from two clinical centers (Zhongshan Hospital, n=141; Shanghai Cancer Center, n=118) were analyzed to evaluate the prognostic value and immune contexture association of TIGIT CD8 T-cells through immunohistochemistry.

Poor clinical outcomes and immunoevasive contexture in interleukin-9 abundant muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Chemotherapy and immunotherapy yield survival benefits for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients, in which tumor microenvironment has been found to exert crucial roles through tipping the balance between antitumor immunity and immune evasion. Our study aims to explore the clinical significance and therapeutic role of intratumoral interleukin-9-producing cells (IL-9 cells) in MIBC. Two hundred fifty-nine MIBC patients from two independent clinic centers were utilized for retrospective analysis in the study.

Stromal LAG-3 cells infiltration defines poor prognosis subtype muscle-invasive bladder cancer with immunoevasive contexture.

Background: Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a promising immune checkpoint therapeutic target being evaluated in clinical trials. We assessed the LAG-3 cells distribution, its association with clinical outcomes and immune contexture and its role in the landscape of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treatment.

Methods: 141 patients with MIBC from Zhongshan Hospital were included for survival and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) benefit analyses.

Development and validation of an individualized DNA repair-related gene signature in localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: To establish a robust, individualized DNA repair-related gene signature to estimate prognosis for patients with localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed gene expression profiles of 541 localized ccRCC patients from two public ccRCC cohorts. The DNA repair-related gene pair index (DRPI) was constructed with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model.

CCR5 blockade inflames antitumor immunity in BAP1-mutant clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Patients with BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1)-mutant clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have worse prognosis. C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) plays an important role in ccRCC development and its expression is elevated in BAP1-mutant tumors.

Methods: 533 patients with ccRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and 797 patients with ccRCC from the Shanghai cohort were enrolled.