Temporal trends and disparities in atherosclerosis-associated cerebrovascular disease mortality in the United States, 1999-2020.

Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CEVD) accounts for the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite recent advancements in treatment strategies, the prevalence and cost associated with CEVD are rising. Atherosclerosis significantly contributes to CEVD risk by restricting cerebral blood flow, leading to ischemic stroke.

Racial Disparities in Immediate Breast Reconstruction after Mastectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

In the past few decades, there has been a gradual increase in breast reconstruction post mastectomy; however, there exists a conflict about whether race has an influence on reconstruction rates. We conducted an electronic search from MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL from their inception to September 2022. Primary outcome was disparity in rates of Immediate Breast Reconstruction (IBR) in racial minorities.

Decompressive craniectomy versus craniotomy for acute subdural hematoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis with an adjusted subgroup analysis.

Introduction: Acute subdural hematomas are major causes of morbidity which warrant immediate treatment. If surgical intervention is warranted, craniotomy (CO) and decompressive craniectomy (DC) are employed, largely based on a loosely defined criteria and the neurosurgeon's best judgment. The primacy of one approach over another is a matter of dispute.

Evaluating the efficacy of ubiquinol in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

We aim to analyze past literature to evaluate the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ-10) in the population with heart failure (HF). A systematic literature search was conducted through MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Cochrane Library. The outcomes analyzed were a reduction in HF-related mortality, an improvement in exercise capacity, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

The use of modafinil for the treatment of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological condition affecting nearly one million people across the United States. Among the most prominent symptoms of the condition are excessive fatigue and daytime sleepiness. Numerous clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of modafinil in addressing fatigue among these patients.

Evaluating the impact of efpeglenatide on cardiometabolic and safety outcomes in individuals with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Efpeglenatide, a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist, has shown promise in improving glycemic control and inducing weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This meta-analysis assessed its therapeutic potential and safety profile.

Methods: A literature search was conducted on PubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central from inception until September 2023.

Efficacy of automated fasteners versus hand-tied knots in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Valve surgery is common in cardiac procedures, with fasteners like COR-KNOT® and hand-tied knots used for knot securing. This study compares their efficacy in valve surgery patients. We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central until August 2023.

Development of depression in patients using androgen deprivation therapy: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is an effective treatment for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Multiple studies have highlighted serious consequences this therapy poses to mental health, particularly depression. We aimed to review the incidence and association between ADT in men with PCa and the risk of depression.

Efficacy of Allopurinol in Improving Endothelial Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in various cardiovascular disorders as the initial pathology. Allopurinol has been shown to improve endothelial dysfunction in patients with gout, but its effect on cardiovascular patients is unclear.

Aims: We aim to assess allopurinol efficacy in improving endothelial dysfunction overall and in different disease states including but not limited to heart failure, chronic kidney disease, ischemic heart disease METHODS: We conducted a literature search of PubMed, Cochrane's Central Library, and Scopus until December 2022, including randomized controlled trials and double-arm observational studies.

Supratotal Resection: An Emerging Concept of Glioblastoma Multiforme Surgery-Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis.

Background: The severe neurologic tumor known as glioblastoma (GBM), also referred to as a grade IV astrocytoma, is rapidly progressive and debilitating. Supratotal resection (SpTR) is an emerging concept within glioma surgery, which aims to achieve a more extensive resection of the tumor than is possible with conventional techniques.

Methods: We performed a language-independent search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL to identify all available literature up to August 2022 of patients undergoing SpTR assessing survival outcomes in comparison to other surgical modalities.

The association of antibiotic exposure with new-onset inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The role of antibiotics in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains controversial, primarily due to conflicting data from individual studies. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the effect of antibiotic exposure on IBD development.

Methodology: The MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were queried from their inception to April 2021 for published articles studying the association between antibiotic exposure and new-onset IBD.

Assessment of fear, anxiety, obsession and functional impairment due to COVID-19 amongst health-care workers and trainees: A cross-sectional study in Nepal.

Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 epidemic threw the world into turmoil. The medical community bore the brunt of the pandemic's toll. Long work hours, and a lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) and social support all had an influence on mental health.