Surface Characterization of Bone-Level and Tissue-Level PEEK and Titanium Dental Implant Scan Bodies After Repeated Autoclave Sterilization Cycles.

Sterilization is required for any biomedical device intended to be used in contact with the human body. Several studies have reported alterations in the bulk and surface properties of such devices after repeated sterilization cycles. These surface modifications may influence other clinical parameters.

Investigating medical students' perceptions of point-of-care ultrasound integration into preclinical education.

Introduction: Recent international consensus statements advocate for the integration of Point-of-Care Ultrasound (PoCUS) into the global undergraduate medical curriculum. Some medical schools outside Saudi Arabia have already incorporated PoCUS into their undergraduate curricula to enhance anatomy, physiology and pathology instruction. However, there are no data on the potential role of PoCUS in the preclinical training of medical students in Saudi Arabia.

Salicylalazine: A novel therapeutic agent targeting TLR4/NLRP3/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Joint pain and functional impairment are hallmarks of arthritis, a painful inflammatory disease. Salicylalazine (SAZ), an anti-inflammatory compound, has demonstrated promise in modulating inflammation, thereby being selected in the current study to unveil its anti-arthritic potential.

Objectives: The aim behind this study was to assess the anti-arthritic properties of salicylalazine via evaluating its impact on paw volume, arthritic scores, oxidative stress indicators, and significant inflammatory mediators.

The therapeutic potential of Ribes orientale in hypertension: Improving electrolyte balance, enhancing antioxidant activity, and modulating the muscarinic pathway.

Cardiovascular diseases like hypertension require diuretics, but their effectiveness and side effects limit their use. Alternatives like Ribes orientale extract are being investigated for potential diuretic. In acute diuretic action, the extract and fractions of Ribes orientale were investigated in saline-loaded rats at doses of 12.

Enhancing craniofacial bone tissue engineering strategy: integrating rapid wet chemically synthesised bioactive glass with photopolymerized resins.

Background: Craniofacial bone regeneration represents a dynamic area within tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Central to this field, is the continual exploration of new methodologies for template fabrication, leveraging established bio ceramic materials, with the objective of restoring bone integrity and facilitating successful implant placements.

Methods: Photopolymerized templates were prepared using three distinct bio ceramic materials, specifically a wet chemically synthesized bioactive glass and two commercially sourced hydroxyapatite variants.

Deciphering farnesol's anti-arthritic and immunomodulatory potential by targeting multiple pathways: a combination of network pharmacology guided exploration and experimental verification.

Objective: Farnesol (FAR), a sesquiterpene alcohol, has documented FAR's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Current study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and mechanism of FAR in arthritis by employing network pharmacology and experimental models.

Methods: Two experimental models comprising formaldehyde- and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis evaluated the efficacy of FAR in treating arthritis.

Clinical efficacy and safety of IV ferric carboxymaltose in restless legs syndrome: A meta-analysis of 537 patients.

Background: Recent research indicates that intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (IV FCM) presents a promising solution for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), distinguishing itself from other iron sources with minimal to no adverse effects. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of administering IV FCM in patients with RLS, assuming that RLS and Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are correlated.

Methodology: This study was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline, with search conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Medline library.

Search for Time-Dependent CP Violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} Decays.

A measurement of time-dependent CP violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} decays using a pp collision data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in 2012 and from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.7  fb^{-1}, is presented. The initial flavor of each D^{0} candidate is determined from the charge of the pion produced in the D^{*}(2010)^{+}→D^{0}π^{+} decay.

Predictors of Sepsis and Sepsis-related Mortality in Critically Ill Burn Patients: A Single Tertiary Care Center Experience.

Background: Clinical diagnosis of sepsis is challenging, emphasizing the importance of regular bacterial surveillance, and tailored antimicrobial therapy. This study aims to elucidate the predictors of sepsis in critically ill burn patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients admitted to the burn intensive care unit between 2016 and 2022.

Positive affect modulates memory by regulating the influence of reward prediction errors.

How our decisions impact our memories is not well understood. Reward prediction errors (RPEs), the difference between expected and obtained reward, help us learn to make optimal decisions-providing a signal that may influence subsequent memory. To measure this influence and how it might go awry in mood disorders, we recruited a large cohort of human participants to perform a decision-making task in which perceptually memorable stimuli were associated with probabilistic rewards, followed by a recognition test for those stimuli.

Adhesion of Candida albicans on PTFE membranes used in guided bone regeneration.

Objectives: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a core procedure used to regenerate bone defects. The aim of the study was to investigate the adherence of Candida albicans on six commercially available polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes used in GBR procedures and the subsequent clinical consequences.

Materials And Methods: Six commercially available PTFE membranes were tested.

Skin anti-aging potential of extract: Antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities supported by ADMET and molecular docking studies.

Aging is a natural process that occurs in all living organisms. Particularly, the skin embodies aging since it serves as a barrier between the body and its surroundings. Previously, we reported the wound healing effect of and identified compounds therein.

The different adsorption-degradation behaviors of SARS-CoV-2 by bioactive chemicals in wastewater: The suppression kinetics and their implications for wastewater-based epidemiology.

Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) is widely used to monitor the progression of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. While there is a clear correlation between the number of COVID patients in a sewershed and the viral load in the wastewater, there is notable variability across different treatment plants. In particular, some facilities consistently exhibit higher viral content per diagnosed patient, implying a potential underestimation of the number of COVID patients, while others show a low viral load per diagnosed case, indicating potential attenuation of genetic material from the sewershed.

Multiomic foundations of human prefrontal cortex tissue function.

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a region of the brain that in humans is involved in the production of higher-order functions such as cognition, emotion, perception, and behavior. Neurotransmission in the PFC produces higher-order functions by integrating information from other areas of the brain. At the foundation of neurotransmission, and by extension at the foundation of higher-order brain functions, are an untold number of coordinated molecular processes involving the DNA sequence variants in the genome, RNA transcripts in the transcriptome, and proteins in the proteome.

Human Substantia Nigra Neurons Encode Reward Expectations.

Dopamine (DA) signals originating from substantia nigra (SN) neurons are centrally involved in the regulation of motor and reward processing. DA signals behaviorally relevant events where reward outcomes differ from expectations (reward prediction errors, RPEs). RPEs play a crucial role in learning optimal courses of action and in determining response vigor when an agent expects rewards.

Anti-arthritic and immunomodulatory efficacy of Micromeria biflora Benth extract and its fractions in rats by restoring oxidative stress, metalloproteinases, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines network.

Micromeria biflora (M.B) Benth has proven anti-inflammatory efficacy, thereby, the goal of the current investigation was to assess the anti-arthritic potential of M.B ethanolic extract and fractions as well as to investigate the likely mechanism of action.

Patient Selection for Living Donor Liver Transplantation in Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure.

Background And Objectives: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with high short-term mortality without liver transplantation (LT). The selection criteria for LT in these patients are not well defined. The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with post-transplant survival in ACLF.

The Use of Animations Depicting Cardiac Electrical Activity to Improve Confidence in Understanding of Cardiac Pathology and Electrocardiography Traces Among Final-Year Medical Students: Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Electrocardiography (ECG) interpretation is a fundamental skill for medical students and practicing medical professionals. Recognizing ECG pathologies promptly allows for quick intervention, especially in acute settings where urgent care is needed. However, many medical students find ECG interpretation and understanding of the underlying pathology challenging, with teaching methods varying greatly.

Predicting current and future habitat of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) under climate change.

Climate change is among the greatest drivers of biodiversity loss, threatening up to 15-30% of described species by the end of the twenty-first century. We estimated the current suitable habitat and forecasted future distribution ranges of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) under climate change scenarios. We collected occurrence records of Indian pangolin using burrow counts, remote camera records and previously published literature in Pakistan during 2021-2023.