Nanoformulated 3'-diindolylmethane modulates apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis in breast cancer cells.

Background: It is well-established that specific herbal plants contain natural active ingredients that have demonstrated anti-cancer potential. Therefore, they are considered highly beneficial as a potential adjuvant, alternative or complementary agent in anti-cancer therapy. However, the low chemical stability and limited bioavailability of 3, 3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a plant-derived compound used in clinical settings, limit its therapeutic applications.

Apoptosis induction in human hepatoma cell line HepG2 cells by trans- Anethole via activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways.

trans-Anethole a valuable compound derived from star anise widely used by ethnic tribals to manage numerous human diseases. In this study antiproliferative activities of trans-Anethole towards human liver cancer (HepG2), cervical cancer (HeLa) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells were explored. trans-Anethole showed free radical scavenging potential as assessed by DNA nicking assay.

Prevalence and risk factors of molar incisor hypomineralization in the Middle East: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a growing global concern. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and associated factors/risk factors of MIH in the Middle East (ME).

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis included studies on children with at least one first permanent molar affected by MIH, aged 5-18 years, without syndromes or congenital anomalies, and residing in the ME and included cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies.

Sensitivity, specificity of biochemical markers for early prediction of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic obese subjects.

Background: The obesity increased incidence of diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis and rate of morbidity and mortality. The main cause of atherosclerosis is endothelial dysfunction and formation of foam cells and macrophage that lead to unfavorable complications. This study evaluated specific biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction as sensitive indices for early predication of atherosclerosis in obese subjects.

Olive leaf (Olea europaea L. folium) extract influences liver microsomal detoxifying enzymes in rats orally exposed to 2-amino-l-methyI-6-phenyI-imidazo pyridine (PhIP).

Olive tree (Olea europaea, Oleaceae) leaf extract (OLE) exerts many biological activities. One of the most common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that pollute the environment is 2-amino-l-methyI-6-phenyI-imidazo pyridine (PhIP). It is a food-derived carcinogen that is present in fish and meat that has been cooked at high temperatures.

Ajwa date flavonoids mitigate neutrophil migration and interferon-γ-induced renal injury by ultraviolet C radiation in rats.

Date was considered a high nutritional value fruit due to its high content of active ingredients. Frequent exposure to cosmetic radiations including UVC caused deleterious effects and tissue damage and organ affection. This study investigated the efficacy of Ajwa date extract (ADE) in protection against UVC-induced kidney injury in rats.

Prognostics and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Diagnosed With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Background Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological cancer that causes an accumulation of immature cells in the bone marrow. The count of white blood cells (WBCs) is an independent predictor of survival. Integrating first-line treatment, such as intensive chemotherapy, with prognostic factors aids in developing critical therapeutic decisions and improving long-term outcomes.

Immunogenicity of The BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccines in Patients with Hemoglobinopathies.

Introduction: Studies assessing immune responses following Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 (Pfizer) and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 AZD1222 (AstraZeneca) vaccines in patients with hemoglobinopathy are non-existent in the literature despite being thought at high risk of infection.

Methods: Prospectively, we collected serum from patients with hemoglobinopathies at least 14 days post vaccine and measured neutralizing antibodies (nAb) in addition to binding antibodies using in-house assays.

Results: All 66 participants mounted a significant binding antibody response (100%), but nAbs were detected in (56/66) post-vaccine with a rate of 84.

Lycopene nanoparticles promotes osteoblastogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective: Lycopene is a carotenoid and antioxidant with potent singlet oxygen quenching ability that reduces oxidative stress and promotes bone health. However, the cellular mechanisms by which lycopene influences bone metabolism are not known.

Materials And Methods: The present study investigated the effects of lycopene nanoparticles on the differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts or adipocytes.

Low clinical utility of testing for anti-platelet factor 4 in asymptomatic individuals after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine.

Introduction: The development of anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies is linked to a rare thrombotic complication described now as vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). This clinical syndrome with thrombosis and thrombocytopenia was reported after exposure to the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222), and Ad26.COV2.

Prognostics and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Diagnosed With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in a Teaching Hospital.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease. Prognosis and survival depend on several factors that determine tumor behavior and response to therapy. AML has a poor prognosis that depends on several factors: patient's age, gender, body mass index (BMI), baseline white blood cells count, and bone marrow blast (BMB) cell count at the time of diagnosis.

Mutations Encountered in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Retrospective Study in a Teaching Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Background Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an invasive cancer that results from the malignant conversion and rapid replication of white blood cells and hematopoietic stem cells that supply multiple lymphocytes. Harmful gene mutations occur in more than two-thirds of patients with ALL; however, these mutations have not been extensively identified in Saudi Arabia. Aim The aim of this study was to identify the types of mutations in patients with ALL at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah.

A Novel Nanoformulation of Ellagic Acid is Promising in Restoring Oxidative Homeostasis in Rat Brains with Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Aluminum toxicity induces neurodegenerative changes in the brain and results in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective: Here, the aim was to evaluate the antioxidant therapeutic effects of ellagic acid (EA) and EA-loaded nanoparticles (EA-NP) in an aluminum chloride-induced AD rat model.

Methods: The nanoparticles' loading of EA was 0.

Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies Key Metabolic Pathways Altered by Thymoquinone in Leukemic Cancer Cells.

Thymoquinone (TQ), a naturally occurring anticancer compound extracted from oil, has been extensively reported to possess potent anti-cancer properties. Experimental studies showed the anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-metastatic effects of TQ on different cancer cells. One of the possible mechanisms underlying these effects includes alteration in key metabolic pathways that are critical for cancer cell survival.

Consensus Statement by an Expert Panel on the Diagnosis and Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) and ID anemia (IDA) are common in the member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The unique genetic and lifestyle factors of the patient population in the region have necessitated the development of recommendations to help educate health-care professionals on appropriate diagnosis and management of ID/IDA.

Methods: A panel of regional experts, including gastroenterologists and hematologists with expertise in the treatment of IDA, was convened to develop regional practice recommendations for ID/IDA.

Effects of Phoenix dactylifera Ajwa on Infection, Hospitalization, and Survival Among Pediatric Cancer Patients in a University Hospital: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

This nonrandomized controlled trial determined the effects of Phoenix dactylifera palm date (Ajwa) intake on the number of infections and hospitalizations associated with fever, neutropenia, and mortality of pediatric cancer patients admitted between 2008 and 2017 to King Abdulaziz University Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). Patients were eligible to be enrolled if they fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were not allergic to Ajwa, and were not enrolled in another study. Of 200 screened patients, 56 were included and 144 were excluded.

Association of serum asymmetric dimethyl-arginine and troponin I levels as a risk of myocardial infarction in thalassemia.

Background: The current study evaluated level of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and its association to cardiac biomarkers in thalassemia patients for early diagnosis of abnormality in myocardial infarction.

Subjects And Methods: This study was conducted on 80 subjects divided into four groups each with 20 subjects. Group I: Control: healthy subjects.

Serum proteins C and S levels as early biomarkers for kidney dysfunction in hemophilic patients.

Background: Hemophilia is an inherited genetic disease characterized by the inability to coagulate blood after injury. The rationale of the current study was to evaluate serum proteins S and C and correlate to kidney function test in hemophilic patients for early diagnosis of abnormality in renal function.

Subjects And Methods: This study was conducted on 80 males subjects divided into four groups.

Knowledge and attitude toward hemoglobinopathies premarital screening program among unmarried population in western Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To assess the knowledge and attitude toward hemoglobinopathies premarital screening (PMS) program among unmarried population in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1039 unmarried males and females from the general population who fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Data was collected from July-December 2017, using an electronic questionnaire to assess the socio-demographic data, knowledge and attitudes of the participants regarding PMS.

A practical algorithm for topical treatment of atopic dermatitis in the Middle East emphasizing the importance of sensitive skin areas.

There is a need for safe, effective treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) in the Middle East. To propose a practical algorithm for the treatment of AD throughout the Middle East. An international panel of six experts from the Middle East and one from Europe developed the algorithm.

Changes in erythrocyte ATPase activity under different pathological conditions.

Background: Studies have shown that Na-K ATPase activity was altered in disrupted red blood cell membranes and this enzyme is believed to be the site of active transport of Na and K in intact red blood cells. The enzyme is often referred to as Na-K pump because it pumps Na out and K into the cell against gradients with the concomitant hydrolysis of intracellular ATP.

Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the possibility of using Na-K-ATPase activity as a biomarker for the diagnosis of individuals with different physiological conditions.

High Plasma Sphingosine 1-phosphate Levels Predict Osteoporotic Fractures in Postmenopausal Women: The Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research Study.

Background: Higher sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) plasma levels are associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD), and increased risk of prevalent vertebral fracture. So, we hypothesized that postmenopausal women with increased baseline plasma S1P levels have a greater risk for future incident fracture (osteoporosis-related fractures [ORFs]).

Methods: This study was conducted in a prospective longitudinal cohort of 707 women recruited in 2004 and followed up annually for a mean period of 5.

A Pilot Study on the Efficacy of a Treatment Algorithm to Detoxify Dental Implant Surfaces Affected by Peri-implantitis.

This in vitro pilot study was performed to determine whether a treatment algorithm including mechanical debridement, followed by air powder abrasion with glycine, followed by citric acid conditioning with vigorous flushing of the surface with sterile water after each step, is capable of decontaminating an infected implant surface. A total of 14 dental implants that were deemed hopeless due to advanced peri-implantitis were extracted. Of these, 6 implants served as tests and had their exposed surfaces treated with the decontamination protocol, 6 served as untreated controls, and 2 were mechanically treated only, followed by rubbing the surface with sterile saline.