Ameliorative effect of black ginseng extract against oxidative stress-induced cellular damages in mouse hepatocytes.

Background: Oxidative stress induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play important causative roles in various pathological conditions. Black ginseng (BG), a type of steam-processed ginseng, has drawn significant attention due to its biological activity, and is more potent than white ginseng (WG) or red ginseng (RG).

Methods: We evaluated the protective effects of BG extract (BGE) against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage, in comparison with WG extract (WGE) and RG extract (RGE) in a cell culture model.

Immune and xenobiotic response crosstalk to chemical exposure by PA01 infection in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Most organisms simultaneously face various chemical and biological stresses in the environment. Herein, we investigated how pathogen infection modifies an organism's response to chemical exposure. To explore this phenomenon, we conducted a toxicity study combined with pathogen infection by using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and various environmental chemicals.

Saponin-Based Nanoemulsification Improves the Antioxidant Properties of Vitamin A and E in AML-12 Cells.

Our work aimed to investigate the protective effects of saponin-based nanoemulsions of vitamin A and E against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage in AML-12 cells. Saponin nanoemulsions of vitamin A (SAN) and vitamin E (SEN) were prepared by high-pressure homogenization and characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index. SEN and SAN protect AML-12 cells against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage more efficiently via scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reducing DNA damage, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation.