Aberrant cytoplasmic expression of UHRF1 restrains the MHC-I-mediated anti-tumor immune response.

Immunotherapy successfully complements traditional cancer treatment. However, primary and acquired resistance might limit efficacy. Reduced antigen presentation by MHC-I has been identified as potential resistance factor.

Correlation of FDG PET/CT, tumor markers and Ki-67 index with EGFR mutation or positive ALK expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) are the two most common druggable targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To investigate whether the EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangement could be predicted by the combination of FDG avidity, tumor markers and Ki-67 Index.

Methods: A total of 168 newly diagnosed NSCLC patients who had undergone F-FDG PET/CT for staging were enrolled.

Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome and Dentato-Thalamo-Cortical Tract Disruption in Diffusion Tractography Following Surgery for Medulloblastoma.

Background Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS), a complication following medulloblastoma surgery, has been linked to dentato-thalamo-cortical tract (DTCT) injury; the association of the degree of DTCT injury with severity of CMS-related symptoms has not been investigated. Purpose To investigate the association between severity of CMS-related symptoms and degree and patterns of DTCT injury with use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and if laterality of injury influences neurologic symptoms. Materials and Methods This retrospective case-control study used prospectively collected clinical and DTI data on patients with medulloblastoma enrolled in a clinical trial (between July 2016 and February 2020) and healthy controls (between April and November 2017), matched with the age range of the participants with medulloblastoma.

Design of hepadnavirus core protein-based chimeric virus-like particles carrying epitopes from respiratory syncytial virus.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most important pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in humans, especially in infants and the elderly. The identification and structural resolution of the potent neutralizing epitopes on RSV fusion (F) protein enable an "epitope-focused" vaccine design. However, the display of RSV F epitope II on the surface of the widely-used human hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) has failed to induce neutralizing antibody response in mice.

Breaking NGF-TrkA immunosuppression in melanoma sensitizes immunotherapy for durable memory T cell protection.

Melanoma cells, deriving from neuroectodermal melanocytes, may exploit the nervous system's immune privilege for growth. Here we show that nerve growth factor (NGF) has both melanoma cell intrinsic and extrinsic immunosuppressive functions. Autocrine NGF engages tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) on melanoma cells to desensitize interferon γ signaling, leading to T and natural killer cell exclusion.

An ERP study on the certainty of epistemic modality in predictive inference processing.

Previous psychological experiments have shown that predictive inference processing under different textual constraints is modulated by the function of epistemic modality (EM) certainty within the context. Nevertheless, recent neuroscientific studies have not presented positive evidence for such a function during text reading. Consequently, the current study deposited Chinese EMs "" (possibly) and "" (surely) into a predictive inference context to examine whether a directionality of EM certainty influences the processing of predictive inference via the ERP technique.

What is required for the truth of a general conditional?

General conditionals, , can be used to make assertions about sets of objects. Previous studies have generally found that people judge the probability of one these conditionals to be the conditional probability of given , (). Two experiments investigated the qualitative relation between the exhaustive possibilities, , , , and , and truth and possibility judgements about general conditionals.

Design of a mutation-integrated trimeric RBD with broad protection against SARS-CoV-2.

The continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants highlights the need of developing vaccines with broad protection. Here, according to the immune-escape capability and evolutionary convergence, the representative SARS-CoV-2 strains carrying the hotspot mutations were selected. Then, guided by structural and computational analyses, we present a mutation-integrated trimeric form of spike receptor-binding domain (mutI-tri-RBD) as a broadly protective vaccine candidate, which combined heterologous RBDs from different representative strains into a hybrid immunogen and integrated immune-escape hotspots into a single antigen.

Cancer-cell-derived GABA promotes β-catenin-mediated tumour growth and immunosuppression.

Many cancers have an unusual dependence on glutamine. However, most previous studies have focused on the contribution of glutamine to metabolic building blocks and the energy supply. Here, we report that cancer cells with aberrant expression of glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1) rewire glutamine metabolism for the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-a prominent neurotransmitter-in non-nervous tissues.

MRI-based Bosniak Classification of Cystic Renal Masses, Version 2019: Interobserver Agreement, Impact of Readers' Experience, and Diagnostic Performance.

Background The 2019 Bosniak classification (version 2019) of cystic renal masses (CRMs) provides a systematic update to the currently used 2005 Bosniak classification (version 2005). Further validation is required before widespread application. Purpose To evaluate the interobserver agreement of MRI criteria, the impact of readers' experience, and the diagnostic performance between version 2019 and version 2005.

Improved automated synthesis of [18F]FINH-Me via direct radio-fluorination and quality control for Aβ-amyloid imaging.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder that leads to a loss of cognitive functioning, affecting older people as well as their families. An early detection of AD is therefore crucial to help people maintain mental function, and slow down or delay the symptoms of the disease. Studies have confirmed that the deposition of the amyloid-β peptide in the brain is a central event in AD pathology.

The contributions of language control to executive functions: From the perspective of bilingual comprehension.

Previous studies have suggested that bilingual production experience has beneficial effects on executive functions. In the current study, four experiments were conducted to investigate whether bilingual comprehension experience influences executive functions. In Experiments 1 and 2, Chinese-English bilinguals completed a flanker task interleaved with a language comprehension task (reading comprehension in Experiment 1 and listening comprehension in Experiment 2).

Correlation of 18F-FDG uptake and thyroid cancer stem cells.

Background: 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET) has the potential to detect various types of cancers, including thyroid cancer (TC), at a potentially curable stage. Increased uptake of F-FDG was observed in anaplastic and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer cells, and PET-positive tumors are more likely to be resistant to I treatment. As cancer stem cells (CSCs) possess a dedifferentiated phenotype and are resistant to many anticancer therapies, we hypothesized that the expression of CSC-related markers is correlated with the ability of tumor cells in TC to uptake FDG.

Role for imaging in spondyloarthritis.

Introduction: Despite major progress in the imaging diagnosis of spondyloarthritis (SpA), the relative advantages of various available imaging techniques remain unclear. The aim of this study is to assess the current use of imaging in the diagnosis of SpA and to provide suitable recommendations for the use of imaging as an outcome measure as defined in the Assessment in SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria.

Evidence Acquisition: A systematic literature search regarding imaging in SpA was performed.

MicroRNA-126a Directs Lymphangiogenesis Through Interacting With Chemokine and Flt4 Signaling in Zebrafish.

Objective: MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) is an endothelium-enriched miRNA and functions in vascular integrity and angiogenesis. The application of miRNA as potential biomarker and therapy target has been widely investigated in various pathological processes. However, its role in lymphatic diseases had not been widely explored.

Native language influence on the distributive effect in producing second language subject-verb agreement.

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the distributive effect when producing subject-verb agreement in English as a second language (L2) when the participant's first language either does or does not require subject-verb agreement. Both Chinese-English and Uygur-English bilinguals were included in Experiment 1. Chinese has no required subject-verb agreement, whereas Uygur does.

A bone metastases model of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in athymic nude mice.

Aim: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), an aggressive form of thyroid cancer, represents less than 2% of all thyroid cancers. The survival of patients with ATC remains low especially when accompanied with bone metastasis. This study aims to establish a reproducible animal model of bone metastasis of ATC which may be useful for further research on novel treatment strategy.

Losing control in front of a fearful face: the effect of emotional information on cognitive control.

How is our cognitive control system modulated by emotional information, especially fearful stimuli? An intuitive hypothesis is that fearful stimuli would enhance cognitive control so that people could switch from the ongoing task to emergent events more quickly to secure themselves. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the influence of emotional information on the shift function of cognitive control by using the task-cueing procedure, in which face images were presented as cues. With the gender of faces indicating which task to do, we manipulated the emotional valence of faces (neutral vs.

Fatal reactivation of chronic hepatitis B virus infection following withdrawal of chemotherapy in lymphoma patients.

Four Chinese patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B infection developed fulminant hepatitis three to four weeks after two to five courses of chemotherapy. One was initially positive for hepatitis B e antigen and three were positive for antibody to HBeAg. They had normal initial serum aminotransferase levels.

Parasympathetic cholinergic vasodilator mechanism in the terminal liver microcirculation in rats.

Changes in the diameter of liver sinusoids were studied by an intravital television microscope method in pentobarbital-anaesthetized rats. Dilatation of liver sinusoids was observed during parasympathetic neural stimulation and during acetylcholine administration. Frequency-dependent stimulation-effect relationships were obtained by electrical excitation of intact vagus nerves at supramaximal intensity from 2 to 8 Hz.

Adrenergic mechanisms in the hepatic microcirculation in the rat.

The in vivo hepatic microvascular bed of the rat was observed microscopically in the transilluminated liver and the diameter of the hepatic sinusoids was measured by serial photomicrography. Intraportal infusion of tyramine induced concentration-dependent constriction of the hepatic sinusoids, but also dilatation of the sinusoids when the dose was small. These effects were attributed to the release of endogenous noradrenaline which activated either alpha- or beta-adrenergic receptors and caused constriction, or dilatation, of the sinusoids respectively.

The terminal hepatic microcirculation in the rat.

The hepatic microcirculation was observed microscopically in the transilluminated liver of the rat. The portal and hepatic venous microvessels were classified into four orders according to their branching hierarchy, and the hepatic sinusoids into branching, direct and interconnecting types according to their topographic arrangements. The diameters of the various orders of microvessels and types of sinusoids were measured by serial photomicrography, and the velocity of the erythrocytes in these various microvessels and sinusoids by the dual-slit photometric technique.