Microwave Ablation versus Surgical Resection for US-detected Multifocal T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A 10-Center Study.

Background Microwave ablation (MWA) is currently under preliminary investigation for the treatment of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and has shown promising treatment efficacy. Compared with surgical resection (SR), MWA is minimally invasive and could preserve thyroid function. However, a comparative analysis between MWA and SR is warranted to draw definitive conclusions.

Refined preferences of prioritizers improve intelligent diagnosis for Mendelian diseases.

Phenotype-guided gene prioritizers have proved a highly efficient approach to identifying causal genes for Mendelian diseases. In our previous study, we preliminarily evaluated the performance of ten prioritizers. However, all the selected software was run based on default settings and singleton mode.

Newly discovered variants in unexplained neonatal encephalopathy.

Background: The genetic background of neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is complicated and early diagnosis is beneficial to optimizing therapeutic strategy for patients.

Methods: NE Patients with unclear etiology received regular clinical tests including ammonia test, metabolic screening test, amplitude-integrated electroencephalographic (aEEG) monitoring, brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanning, and genetic test. The protein structure change was predicted using Dynamut2 and RoseTTAFold.

Improve meat production and virus resistance by simultaneously editing multiple genes in livestock using Cas12i.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated gene (Cas) system is continually optimized to achieve the most efficient gene editing effect. The Cas12i, a Cas12i variant, exhibits powerful DNA editing activity and enriches the gene editing toolbox. However, the application of Cas12i in large domestic animals has not yet been reported.

Contemporary Update of Retinoblastoma in China: Three-Decade Changes in Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Treatments, and Outcomes.

Purpose: To report three-decade changes of clinical characteristics, progress of treatments, and risk factors associated with mortality and enucleation in patients with retinoblastoma in China.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: This multicenter study included 2552 patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma in 38 medical centers in 31 provinces in China from 1989 to 2017, with follow-up data.

Simultaneous targeting of TGF-β/PD-L1 synergizes with radiotherapy by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to overcome immune evasion.

Localized radiotherapy (RT) induces an immunogenic antitumor response that is in part counterbalanced by activation of immune evasive and tissue remodeling processes, e.g., via upregulation of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β).

Efficacy and Safety of Thermal Ablation for Treatment of Solitary T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background Microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have recently attracted interest as minimally invasive treatment modalities for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the ablation outcomes of T1N0M0 PTC are not well characterized. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation (MWA or RFA) of solitary T1N0M0 PTC in patients who were ineligible for (due to presence of comorbid cardiovascular disease, renal failure, other malignancy, etc) or who refused surgery.

Vapor condensation with daytime radiative cooling.

A radiative vapor condenser sheds heat in the form of infrared radiation and cools itself to below the ambient air temperature to produce liquid water from vapor. This effect has been known for centuries, and is exploited by some insects to survive in dry deserts. Humans have also been using radiative condensation for dew collection.

A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19.

Background: No therapeutics have yet been proven effective for the treatment of severe illness caused by SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, controlled, open-label trial involving hospitalized adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, which causes the respiratory illness Covid-19, and an oxygen saturation (Sao) of 94% or less while they were breathing ambient air or a ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen (Pao) to the fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio) of less than 300 mm Hg. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either lopinavir-ritonavir (400 mg and 100 mg, respectively) twice a day for 14 days, in addition to standard care, or standard care alone.

Identification of and as susceptibility genes for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: A 2-stage genome-wide association was conducted to explore the genetic etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the Chinese Han population.

Methods: Totally, 700 cases and 4,027 controls were genotyped in the discovery stage using Illumina Human660W-Quad BeadChips. Top associated single nucleotide polymorphisms from the discovery stage were then genotyped in an independent cohort with 884 cases and 5,329 controls.

Scored minor criteria for severe community-acquired pneumonia predicted better.

Background: Infectious Disease Society of America/American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS) minor criteria for severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are of unequal weight in predicting mortality, but the major problem associated with IDSA/ATS minor criteria might be a lack of consideration of weight in prediction in clinical practice. Would awarding different points to the presences of the minor criteria improve the accuracy of the scoring system? It is warranted to explore this intriguing hypothesis.

Methods: A total of 1230 CAP patients were recruited to a retrospective cohort study.

Discovery of a First-in-Class Gut-Restricted RET Kinase Inhibitor as a Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of IBS.

Abdominal pain and abnormal bowel habits represent major symptoms for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients that are not adequately managed. Although the etiology of IBS is not completely understood, many of the functions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are regulated by the enteric nervous system (ENS). Inflammation or stress-induced expression of growth factors or cytokines may lead to hyperinnervation of visceral afferent neurons in GI tract and contribute to the pathophysiology of IBS.

A MicroRNA302-367-Erk1/2-Klf2-S1pr1 Pathway Prevents Tumor Growth via Restricting Angiogenesis and Improving Vascular Stability.

Rationale: Angiogenic hypersprouting and leaky vessels are essential for tumor growth. MicroRNAs have unique therapeutic advantages by targeting multiple pathways of tumor-associated angiogenesis, but the function of individual miRNAs of miR302-367 cluster in angiogenesis and tumors has not yet been fully evaluated.

Objective: To investigate the functions of miR302-367 in developmental angiogenesis and tumor angiogenesis and explore the molecular mechanisms of microRNA for the treatment of pathological neovascularization-related diseases.

[Determination of flavonol glycosides in tea samples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry].

An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of flavonol glycosides in tea samples. The chromatographic separation was performed on an UPLC HSS T3 column by gradient elution with the mobile phases of acetonitrile and water both containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid.

Lipotoxicity, a potential risk factor for the increasing prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism?

Context: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is an important public health problem worldwide for its increasing prevalence and potential deleterious effects, whereas its etiology has not been fully elucidated. Lipotoxicity exerts extensive and serious impact on human health, but so far, the potential effect of lipotoxicity on thyroid is unclear.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the association between serum triglyceride levels and the risk for SCH.

First search for multijet resonances in sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV pp collisions.

We present the first model independent search for three-jet hadronic resonances within multijet events in sqrt(s) = 1.96  TeV pp collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron using the CDF II detector. Pair production of supersymmetric gluinos and squarks with hadronic R-parity violating decays is employed as an example of a new physics benchmark for this signature.

Circulating microRNAs: potential biomarkers for cancer.

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the world. Development of minimally invasive biomarkers for early detection of cancer is urgently needed to reduce high morbidity and mortality associated with malignancy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that modulate the activity of specific mRNA targets and play important roles in a wide range of physiologic and pathologic processes.

Molecular diversity of tobacco vein banding mosaic virus.

Tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV) is of increasing importance in tobacco production on the Chinese mainland. The 3'-terminal genomic sequences (1624 nucleotides) of 12 TVBMV isolates from China were determined and compared to the sequences of only four TVBMV isolates available in databanks. The results revealed that TVBMV consists of several phylogenetically distinguishable strains that show a degree of correlation with the geographical origin.

Cardiac-specific overexpression of AT1 receptor mutant lacking G alpha q/G alpha i coupling causes hypertrophy and bradycardia in transgenic mice.

Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptors activate both conventional heterotrimeric G protein-dependent and unconventional G protein-independent mechanisms. We investigated how these different mechanisms activated by AT1 receptors affect growth and death of cardiac myocytes in vivo. Transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of WT AT1 receptor (AT1-WT; Tg-WT mice) or an AT1 receptor second intracellular loop mutant (AT1-i2m; Tg-i2m mice) selectively activating G(alpha)q/G(alpha)i-independent mechanisms were studied.