An MRI-compatible platform for one-dimensional motion management studies in MRI.

Purpose: Abdominal MRI remains challenging because of respiratory motion. Motion compensation strategies are difficult to compare clinically because of the variability across human subjects. The goal of this study was to evaluate a programmable system for one-dimensional motion management MRI research.

BAS1 and SOB7 act redundantly to modulate Arabidopsis photomorphogenesis via unique brassinosteroid inactivation mechanisms.

Active brassinosteroids (BRs), such as brassinolide (BL) and castasterone (CS), are growth-promoting plant hormones. An Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP734A1, formerly CYP72B1), encoded by the BAS1 gene, inactivates BRs and modulates photomorphogenesis. BAS1 was identified as the overexpressed gene responsible for a dominant, BR-deficient mutant, bas1-D.

CYP72B1 inactivates brassinosteroid hormones: an intersection between photomorphogenesis and plant steroid signal transduction.

Active brassinosteroids, such as brassinolide (BL) and castasterone, are growth promoting plant hormones. An Arabidopsis cytochrome p450 monooxygenase encoded by CYP72B1 has been implicated in brassinosteroid catabolism as well as photomorphogenesis. We expressed CYP72B1 in yeast, coupled with brassinosteroid feeding, and established the biochemical function to be the hydroxylation of BL and castasterone, to give 26-hydroxybrassinolide and 26-hydroxycastasterone, respectively.

Lumboperitoneal shunts.

Background: To assess lumboperitoneal shunting as a simple method of relieving communicating hydrocephalus, treating pseudotumor cerebri, and resolving cerebrospinal fluid fistulae.

Method: Three neurosurgeons at different hospitals report their combined experience over a 20-year period.

Results: Ease of insertion of the device and low rate of complications were reported in a combined series of 107 patients.

Congenital medulloblastoma: an inquiry into origins.

An infant aged 8 h died from cardiorespiratory causes. At autopsy, a microscopic midline cerebellar medulloblastoma was found. Neoplastic cells occurred within the fetal external granular cell layers, with invasion of perivascular spaces as well as the molecular and internal granular cell layers.