Association between maternal folic acid and/or multivitamin supplementation time and fetal congenital heart disease: based on the China birth cohort study.

A multitude of studies have presented inconsistent outcomes regarding the association between maternal folic acid (FA) and/or multivitamin (MV) supplementation and congenital heart disease (CHD) in offspring. This study aimed to estimate supplementation time and CHD based on a prospective China birth cohort study (CBCS). In the CBCS, 114,670 singleton pregnant women who had pregnancy outcomes until August 2021 and responded to the early pregnancy questionnaire were recruited.

Elucidating the Role of Estrogen Effects in Leukemia: Insights from Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Mendelian Randomization.

Epidemiological studies have confirmed the potential role of estrogen effects in influencing the development and outcome of leukemia. Estrogen effects are increasingly attracting research interest for their potential antitumor effects beyond gynecological tumors. However, their causal relationship remains unclear.

Fecal microbiota transplantation attenuates Alzheimer's disease symptoms in APP/PS1 transgenic mice via inhibition of the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated inflammation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is the leading cause of dementia. The underlying mechanisms of AD have not yet been completely explored. Neuroinflammation, an inflammatory response mediated by certain mediators, has been exhibited to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD.

Modulating mTOR-dependent astrocyte substate transitions to alleviate neurodegeneration.

Traditional approaches to studying astrocyte heterogeneity have mostly focused on analyzing static properties, failing to identify whether subtypes represent intermediate or final states of reactive astrocytes. Here we show that previously proposed neuroprotective and neurotoxic astrocytes are transitional states rather than distinct subtypes, as revealed through time-series multiomic sequencing. Neuroprotective astrocytes are an intermediate state of the transition from a nonreactive to a neurotoxic state in response to neuroinflammation, a process regulated by the mTOR signaling pathway.

Facile Preparation of Sulfonated Polysulfone Composite Membranes with High Hydrophilicity and Visible-Light Driving Self-Cleaning Performance.

The photo-Fenton reaction can efficiently degrade organic pollutants and thus is applied intensively for clearing out membrane fouling. However, the pollutant removal efficiency is greatly limited by the redox cycle rate of Fe/Fe and the rapid recombination rate of the photogenerated electrons and holes. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a sulfonated polysulfone composite membrane was designed and prepared by incorporating titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles into a sulfonated polysulfone membrane and sequentially forming β-FeOOHs on the membrane surface.