Disruption of lipid raft reverses drug resistance in colorectal cancer cells through the phosphatase and tensin homolog/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and P-glycoprotein.

Regarding flotillin knockdown, drug resistance is reversed in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines; this is associated with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway, as our previous experimental results indicated. However, the exact mechanism underlying this pathway remains unclear. PI3K inhibitor and activator were added separately to clarify the role of the PI3K pathway in reversing drug resistance.

A brief review on the progress of MXene-based catalysts for electro- and photochemical water splitting for hydrogen generation.

The development and generation of affordable and highly efficient energy, particularly hydrogen, are one of the best approaches to address the challenges posed by the depletion of non-renewable energy sources. Hydrogen energy, as a green and ecosystem-friendly source with zero carbon emission, can be generated through various methods, including water splitting (HER/OER) either photo- or electrocatalytic reactions. To implement these reactions effectively in practical applications, it is highly desirable to develop extremely efficient and cost-effective catalytic materials that are comparable to contemporary catalysts.

Causal Relationship Between Intestinal Microbiota, Inflammatory Cytokines, Peripheral Immune Cells, Plasma Metabolome and Parkinson's Disease: A Mediation Mendelian Randomization Study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease involving multiple factors. We explored the connection between intestinal microbiome levels and PD by examining inflammatory cytokines, peripheral immune cell counts and plasma metabolomics as potential factors. By obtaining the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data needed for this study from GWAS Catalog, including summary data for 473 intestinal microbiota traits (N = 5959), 91 inflammatory cytokine traits (N = 14,824), 118 peripheral immune cell count traits (N = 3757), 1400 plasma metabolite traits (N = 8299) and PD traits (N = 482,730).

Sensitivity of Functional Arterial Spin Labelling in Detecting Cerebral Blood Flow Changes.

Arterial spin labelling (ASL) is a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method. ASL techniques can quantitatively measure cerebral perfusion by fitting a kinetic model to the difference between labelled images (tag images) and ones which are acquired without labelling (control images). ASL functional MRI (fMRI) provides quantitative perfusion maps by using arterial water as an endogenous tracer instead of depending on vascular blood oxygenation level.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress-MMRN1 positive feedback contributes to cisplatin resistance in small cell lung cancer.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 15% of all lung cancers and presents early metastasis and poor prognosis. Chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) remains one of the standards of care in first-line treatment. However, the emergence of acquired resistance to CDDP causes disease progression and cancer recurrence.