Systemic delivery of selective EP1 and EP3 receptor antagonists attenuates pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice.

Neuroinflammation plays a major role in brain excitability and may contribute to the development of epilepsy. Prostaglandin E (PGE) is a direct mediator of inflammatory responses and, through EP receptors, plays an important role in neuronal excitability. Pharmacological evidence supports that centrally-administered EP1 and EP3 receptor antagonists reduced acutely evoked seizures in rats.

Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT) antagonists decrease pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures and blood-brain barrier dysfunction.

Current evidence suggests that inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology of seizures. In line with this view, selected pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid derivatives have been reported to facilitate seizures. Kainate-induced seizures are accompanied by leukotriene formation, and are reduced by inhibitors of LOX/COX pathway.

Alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) does not modify pentylenetetrazol- and pilocarpine-induced seizures.

Aims: Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptide involved in different neurological functions that also exerts anti-inflammatory effects, including in the central nervous system (CNS). Although inflammation has been implicated in seizures and epilepsy, no study has systematically investigated whether α-MSH modifies seizures. Therefore, in the current study we determined whether α-MSH alters pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)- and pilocarpine-induced seizures.

Accumulation, elimination, and effects of parenteral exposure to aluminum in newborn and adult rats.

Aluminum (Al) delivered to preterm infants via parenteral nutrition may exceed the limit of 5 μg/kg/day set by the US Food and Drug Administration. This study evaluated the effect of the administration of an equivalent amount of Al (0.12 mg/kg/day) to newborn rats.

Semi-solid topical formulations containing nimesulide-loaded nanocapsules showed in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity in chronic arthritis and fibrovascular tissue models.

Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of topical gel containing nimesulide-loaded nanocapsules using experimental models in vivo, and to compare the anti-inflammatory activity of two nimesulide preparations.

Materials: Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) treated with gel containing empty nanocapsules (GEN); gel containing nimesulide in the free form (GNFF) or gel containing nimesulide-loaded nanocapsules (GNN).

Methods: Nanoprecipitation methods were used to prepare the colloidal suspension.