Discovery of ketene/acetyl as a potential receptor for hydrogen-transfer reactions in zeolites.

Hydrogen-transfer is the primary process responsible for elevating the degree of unsaturation of intermediates in zeolite-catalyzed methanol-to-hydrocarbon reactions, with olefins serving as the typical receptor and alkanes being produced as the by-product. Intriguingly, the introduction of CO was shown to suppress the selectivity of alkanes and enhance the production of aromatics, yet microscopic understanding of this phenomenon remains elusive. Here, based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and free energy sampling methods, we discover a non-olefin-induced hydrogen-transfer reaction in the presence of CO, with ketene/acetyl emerging as a more suitable hydrogen-transfer receptor than olefins.

Association between Executive Function and Food Addiction among Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of food addiction (FA) among children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to explore the association between executive function and FA.

Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 1,021 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years and their parents participated in this study and completed the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale, Yale Food Addiction Scale and Executive Function Behavior Rating Scale.

Segmentation of coronary artery and calcification using prior knowledge based deep learning framework.

Background: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is used to screen for coronary artery calcification. As the coronary artery has complicated structure and tiny lumen, manual screening is a time-consuming task. Recently, many deep learning methods have been proposed for the segmentation (SEG) of coronary artery and calcification, however, they often neglect leveraging related anatomical prior knowledge, resulting in low accuracy and instability.

I-Catalyzed benzylation of NH-sulfoximines with diarylmethanes and alkylarenes.

A practical transition metal-free approach for the selective benzylation of NH-sulfoximines has been disclosed by using simple elemental iodine as the catalyst and -butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the terminal oxidant. Comparing with known methods for the construction of -benzylated sulfoximines, our protocol shows broad substrate scope with respect to both diarylmethanes and alkylarenes, and can be conducted in air with good functional group tolerance.

Citrus transcription factor CsERF1 is involved in the response to citrus tristeza disease.

Introduction: Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a threat to the citrus production and causes severe economic losses to the citrus industry. Ethylene response factors (ERFs) play important roles in plant growth and stress responses. Although ERF genes have been widely studied in model plants, little is known about their role in biological stress responses in fruit trees, such as citrus.