Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of anti-IL-4Rα antibody SHR-1819 in healthy subjects: A randomized, controlled phase I study.

SHR-1819 is a novel anti-IL-4Rα monoclonal antibody currently under clinical development for use in patients with type 2 inflammatory diseases. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose escalation phase I trial, we evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of SHR-1819 in healthy subjects. Subjects received a single subcutaneous injection of SHR-1819 or placebo, with dose escalation starting at 60 mg and subsequently increasing to 120, 240, 360, and 720 mg.

Identification of a Novel Phage-Derived Depolymerase and Its Therapeutic Application in Mice.

The rapid expansion of clinical isolates exhibiting resistance to most or all available antibiotics is a global concern. Current treatments for infections caused by this bacterium have become less effective, and the need to explore new alternative therapies is urgent. Depolymerases derived from phages are emerging as attractive anti-virulence agents.

Tigecycline in the treatment of fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia non-responsive to azithromycin and fluoroquinolone: A case report.

Rationale: Fulminant macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) has seldom been reported, and cases of MPP usually show rapid improvement after fluoroquinolones or tetracyclines addition. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the importance of proper selection of antibiotics for treatment of severe MPP and increase awareness concerning the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant MPP.

Patient Concerns: A case of severe life-threatening pneumonia in a 26-year-old man with high fever and cough was non-responsive to azithromycin and fluoroquinolones.

Development and Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Rapid and Specific Identification of Carbapenem-Resistant Strains Harboring , and the Epidemiological Survey of Clinical Isolates.

is an important nosocomial pathogen in hospital-acquired infections, and carbapenem resistance has been increasingly observed worldwide. Oxacillinase production by is a predominant and prevalent carbapenem resistance mechanism of , especially in China. Rapid and specific detection of may offer valuable insight for administration of directed antimicrobial therapy.

Characteristics and complete genome sequence of the virulent Vibrio alginolyticus phage VAP7, isolated in Hainan, China.

A novel Vibrio alginolyticus phage, VAP7, was isolated from seawater collected from Sanya, Hainan province, China. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that phage VAP7 has a linear, double-stranded DNA genome of 144,685 bp with an average G+C content of 41.9% and a high degree of sequence similarity to Vibrio phage VP-1.

Identification of Two Depolymerases From Phage IME205 and Their Antivirulent Functions on K47 Capsule of .

Carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) pose a significant threat to global public health. In present research, a total of 80 CRKP strains belonging to ST11 were collected with 70% (56 of 80 isolates) expressing a K47 capsular type. Thus, it is significant to prevent and control infections caused by these bacteria.

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Bacteriophage Infecting Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

A novel virulent phage, vB_KpnP_IME337, isolated from a hospital sewage in Beijing, China, that infects carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae KN2 capsular type was identified and characterized. Next-generation sequencing and genome analysis revealed that vB_KpnP_IME337 had a linear double-stranded genome with a length of 44,266 base pairs and G+C content of 53.7%.

Efficacy of pulmonary transplantation of engineered macrophages secreting IL-4 on acute lung injury in C57BL/6J mice.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are major causes of respiratory failure, but currently, no effective pharmacotherapy exists for these disorders. Alveolar macrophages play a critical role in both the acute/initial phase and chronic/resolving phase of ALI, rendering them a potential therapeutic target. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), a Th2 cytokine, not only directly inhibits the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors from macrophages but also drives macrophages to the anti-inflammatory and tissue remodeling M2 type.

Corrigendum: The Capsule Depolymerase Dpo48 Rescues and Mice From Systemic Infections.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.

[Corrigendum] NLRP3 inflammasome is responsible for Hantavirus inducing interleukin‑1β in THP‑1 cells.

Subsequently to the publication of the above article, the authors have realized that an error was introduced in the preparation of Fig. 2B for publication. In Fig.

The Capsule Depolymerase Dpo48 Rescues and Mice From Systemic Infections.

The emergence of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant has made it difficult to treat and control infections caused by this bacterium. Thus, alternatives to conventional antibiotics for management of severe infections is urgently needed. In our previous study, we found that a capsule depolymerase Dpo48 could strip bacterial capsules, and the non-capsuled were significantly decreased in the presence of serum complement .

Protective and therapeutic application of the depolymerase derived from a novel KN1 genotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophage in mice.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the major Gram-negative bacterial pathogens causing hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant infections, and the antimicrobial treatment options are scarce. The lack of available antimicrobials has prompted the development of alternative strategies for the treatment of these infections. In this study, a K.

Identification and characterization of capsule depolymerase Dpo48 from phage IME200.

Background: The emergence of multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant has made it difficult to treat and control infections caused by this bacterium. It is urgently necessary to search for alternatives to conventional antibiotics for control of severe infections. In recent years, bacteriophages and their derivatives, such as depolymerases, showed great potential as antibacterial or antivirulence agents against bacterial infections.

Rapid detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay.

To improve the diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) infection and reduce the misuse of antibiotics, we sought to establish a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of Mp.Six primers specific for the Mp P1 gene were designed, and the LAMP method was used to rapidly detect Mp. The sensitivity of the LAMP method was determined by serial dilution of the standard Mp strain FH (standard strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae).

Rapid visual detection of binary toxin producing by loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

The binary toxin transferase (CDT) is frequently observed in strains and is associated with an increased severity of infection. CDT-producing infections cause higher fatality rates than infections with CDT negative isolates. Thus, the rapid and accurate identification of a CDT positive infection is critical for effective treatment.

Combination therapy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and FTY720 attenuates acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in a murine model.

ALI/ARDS remain the main reason of morbidity and mortality in the critically ill. Studies have indicated that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) can be useful in the treatment of ALI/ARDS. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its analog FTY720 significantly reduce lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung edema and inflammatory lung injury.

Isolation and Whole-genome Sequence Analysis of the Imipenem Heteroresistant Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolate HRAB-85.

Objectives: Heteroresistance is a phenomenon in which there are various responses to antibiotics from bacterial cells within the same population. Here, we isolated and characterised an imipenem heteroresistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain (HRAB-85).

Methods: The genome of strain HRAB-85 was completely sequenced and analysed to understand its antibiotic resistance mechanisms.

Regulation of S1P receptors and sphingosine kinases expression in acute pulmonary endothelial cell injury.

Background: Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a severe clinical syndrome with mortality rate as high as 30-40%. There is no treatment yet to improve pulmonary endothelial barrier function in patients with severe pulmonary edema. Developing therapies to protect endothelial barrier integrity and stabilizing gas exchange is getting more and more attention.

Complete Genome Sequence of IME207, a Novel Bacteriophage Which Can Lyse Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella.

A novel lytic Salmonella bacteriophage was isolated by using Klebsiella pneumoniae as host cells. The phage's genome was determined to be 47,564 bp and has the highest similarity to Salmonella phage E1 and Salmonella phage 64795_sal3, with coverages of 61% and 56%, respectively. Here, we announce the phage's complete genome.

Potential of a lytic bacteriophage to disrupt Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms in vitro.

Aim: The ability of Acinetobacter baumannii to form biofilms and develop antibiotic resistance makes it difficult to control infections caused by this bacterium. In this study, we explored the potential of a lytic bacteriophage to disrupt A. baumannii biofilms.

Corrigendum: Survey and Visual Detection of Zaire Ebolavirus in Clinical Samples Targeting the Nucleoprotein Gene in Sierra Leone.

[This corrects the article on p. 1332 in vol. 6, PMID: 26648918.

Intranasal treatment with bacteriophage rescues mice from Acinetobacter baumannii-mediated pneumonia.

Aim: With the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, finding alternative agents to treat antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections is imperative.

Materials & Methods: A mouse pneumonia model was developed by combining cyclophosphamide pretreatment and Acinetobacter baumannii challenge, and a lytic bacteriophage was evaluated for its therapeutic efficacy in this model by examining the survival rate, bacterial load in the lung and lung pathology.

Results: Intranasal instillation with bacteriophage rescued 100% of mice following lethal challenge with A.

Survey and Visual Detection of Zaire ebolavirus in Clinical Samples Targeting the Nucleoprotein Gene in Sierra Leone.

Ebola virus (EBOV) can lead to severe hemorrhagic fever with a high risk of death in humans and other primates. To guide treatment and prevent spread of the viral infection, a rapid and sensitive detection method is required for clinical samples. Here, we described and evaluated a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) method to detect Zaire ebolavirus using the nucleoprotein gene (NP) as a target sequence.

Rapid detection of Acinetobacter baumannii and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii in two comprehensive hospitals of Beijing, China.

Acinetobacter baumannii is an important opportunistic pathogen associated with a variety of nosocomial infections. A rapid and sensitive molecular detection in clinical isolates is quite needed for the appropriate therapy and outbreak control of A. baumannii.

NLRP3 inflammasome is responsible for Hantavirus inducing interleukin-1β in THP-1 cells.

Persistent high fever is one typical clinical symptom of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and circulating interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is elevated throughout HFRS. The mechanisms responsible for viral induction of IL-1β secretion are unknown. In the present study, Hantaan virus (HTNV) induced the secretion of IL-1β in the human monocytic cell line THP-1.