Canker and dieback of is caused by .

Understanding the ecology of pathogens is important for disease management. Recently a devastating canker disease was found on red alder () planted as landscape trees. Bacteria were isolated from two groups of symptomatic trees located approximately 1 kilometer apart and one strain from each group was used to complete Koch's postulates.

The Role of the Built Environment in the Community Participation of Adults Aging With Long-Term Physical Disabilities: A Scoping Review.

The purpose of this scoping review was to characterize the nature and scope of existing literature on the role of built environments in the community participation of adults aging with physical disabilities (AAwPD). A scoping review was selected to identify the volume and types of evidence available, pinpoint knowledge gaps, and clarify key concepts. Twenty-one articles were included for review, all of which were published within the last 20 years and identified components of the built environment for intervention.

Effect of standardized ileal digestible arginine:lysine on growth performance of 6- to 13-kg nursery pigs.

A total of 480 newly weaned pigs (PIC 337 × 1050; Genus, Hendersonville, TN) with an initial body weight (BW) of 6.20 ± 0.61 kg were used in a dose-response study to investigate the impact of increasing standardized ileal digestible (SID) Arg:Lys on nursery pig growth performance.

Postoperative revision, complication and economic outcomes of patients with reverse or anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty at one year: a retrospective, United States hospital billing database analysis.

Background: Data on the 1-year postoperative revision, complication, and economic outcomes in a hospital setting after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) are sparse.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the Premier Healthcare Database, a hospital-billing data source, evaluated 1-year postoperative revision, complication, and economic outcomes of reverse (RTSA) and anatomic (ATSA) TSA for patients who underwent the procedure from 2015 until 2021. All-cause revisits, including revision-related events (categorized as either irrigation and débridement or revision procedures and device removals) and shoulder/nonshoulder complications were collected.

Aging with long-term physical disability: Cohort analysis of survey sample in the U.S.

Background: Chronic health conditions, secondary conditions, and decreasing functional ability related to aging and/or changes in underlying impairment may influence participation for persons aging with long-term physical disability (AwD).

Objective: To examine sample integrity and baseline findings through exploration of associations of sociodemographic, health, and disability factors with social participation for persons AwD.

Methods: This is a longitudinal cohort study following persons AwD over three years, reporting baseline cohort study data.

The Relationship of Exercise, Psychosocial Factors, and Social Participation Among Adults Aging With Long-Term Physical Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: This study investigated the relationships among exercise engagement, psychosocial factors, and social participation for adults aging with physical disabilities (AAwPD).

Design: A cross-sectional study within a community-based cohort study of participation among AAwPD was conducted.

Setting: A comprehensive survey was administered online or via telephone.

Advancement of Autogenous Vaccines in the Poultry Industry.

Autogenous vaccines, also known as "custom" vaccines, have become an essential instrument in the production veterinarian's toolbox for the control of emerging and evolving diseases. Autogenous vaccines require a reduced burden of U.S.

Consistency of participation over time among persons aging with physical disability as measured by a tool designed for use among community-based organizations.

Background: Community participation measures for persons aging with disability were developed and evaluated to support community-based organizations (CBOs) with efficient assessment of change in participation and need for supports/services to facilitate participation.

Objective: To evaluate a set of nine activity domain measures to broadly assess community participation and change in participation over time.

Methods: A community-based sample (N = 323) of persons ages 45-65 responded to a survey with repeated measures three times annually (T1, T2, T3) between 2019 and 2022.

Transmission and Management of Pathogenic and in Select Ornamentals.

Pathogenic and are phytobacteria that induce crown gall and leafy gall disease, respectively, resulting in undesirable growth abnormalities. When present in nurseries, plants infected by either bacterium are destroyed, resulting in substantial losses for growers, especially those producing plants valued for their ornamental attributes. There are many unanswered questions regarding pathogen transmission on tools used to take cuttings for propagation and whether products used for bacterial disease control are effective.

Comparing the volume of vascular intersection of two femoral neck fracture fixation implants using an technique.

Unlabelled: Femoral neck fracture displacement with subsequent vascular disruption is one of the factors that contribute to trauma-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Iatrogenic damage of the intraosseous arterial system during fixation of femoral neck fracture is another possible cause of avascular necrosis that is less well understood. Recently, Zhao et al (2017) reconstructed 3D structures of intraosseous blood supply and identified the epiphyseal and inferior retinacular arterial system to be important structures for maintaining the femoral head blood supply after femoral neck fracture.

Incidence, costs and post-operative complications following ankle fracture - A US claims database analysis.

Background: The epidemiology and payer costs for ankle fractures are not well documented. This study evaluated: (1) the incidence of ankle fracture and ankle surgery following fracture in the US population; and (2) the clinical presentation of patients presenting with ankle fractures requiring surgery, their complication rates, and payer costs.

Methods: Patients in the IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases with an inpatient/outpatient diagnosis of ankle fracture from 2016 to 2019 were stratified by age group and gender, and rates of fracture per 10,000 enrollees were estimated.

Whole Genome Sequencing-Based Tracing of a 2022 Introduction and Outbreak of pv. .

Globalization has made agricultural commodities more accessible, available, and affordable. However, their global movement increases the potential for invasion by pathogens and necessitates development and implementation of sensitive, rapid, and scalable surveillance methods. Here, we used 35 strains, isolated by multiple diagnostic laboratories, as a case study for using whole genome sequence data in a plant disease diagnostic setting.

Aging with Disability Symptoms and Ability to Participate in, and Satisfaction with, Social Participation among Persons Aged 45-64.

Pain, fatigue, and depression, considered aging with disability (AwD) symptoms, are known to be substantially higher among middle-aged adults with long-term disability compared to their age peers. Participation has been recognized as an important component of health. This cohort survey study reports findings on the relationship between AwD symptoms and ability to participate in, and satisfaction with participation in, social roles and activities using PROMIS measures.

Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence rates are three times higher in patients with chronic or no risk factors compared with those who have transient risk factors after stopping anticoagulation therapy. In patients with unprovoked VTE, age-appropriate screening is sufficient evaluation for occult malignancy. Thrombophilia evaluation should be considered only in selected patients because routine evaluation has not been shown to improve outcomes.

Addressing Challenges in Formal Research on Moribund Heritage Languages: A Path Forward.

The substantial uptick in research on heritage languages over the past three decades has enhanced our understanding of the development of bilingual grammars throughout the lifespan. This interest has been accompanied by a noticeable increase of experimental work, often combined with some degree of formal rigor. Exclusively and predominantly formal research on these languages-especially studies whose empirical focus centers on moribund heritage varieties-occasionally encounters criticism, due primarily to a lack of understanding of the methodology and objectives of this body of research as a whole.

Factors influencing participation among adults aging with long-term physical disability.

Background: People aging with long-term physical disability (AwPD) experience barriers to participation and independent living. There are currently limited evidence-based interventions that address issues regarding participation for people AwPD.

Objective: This study examined factors influencing participation in personal and life activities among people AwPD to inform future interventions.

Genomic Approaches to Plant-Pathogen Epidemiology and Diagnostics.

Diseases have a significant cost to agriculture. Findings from analyses of whole-genome sequences show great promise for informing strategies to mitigate risks from diseases caused by phytopathogens. Genomic approaches can be used to dramatically shorten response times to outbreaks and inform disease management in novel ways.

How Wide the Divide? - Theorizing 'Constructions' in Generative and Usage-Based Frameworks.

What is the nature and function of mental representations in cognitive science, and in human language in particular? How do they come into existence and interact, and how is the information attributed to them stored in and retrieved from the human mind? Some theories treat constructions as primitive entities used for structure-building, central in both production and comprehension, while other theories only admit construction-like entities as devices to map the structure into semantics or to relate them to specific morphophonological exponents. In this positional piece, we seek to elucidate areas of commonality across what have traditionally been divergent approaches to the role of constructions in language. Here we outline a robust specification of the differences in how chunks of structure containing information are treated in the two main approaches, and we seek to offer a path toward a more unified theoretical stance.

Inventory of Youth Adaptation to Loss (IYAL): Psychometric Testing of a New Instrument for Bereaved Youth to Assess Social Support and Coping.

The Inventory of Youth Adaptation to Loss (IYAL) was developed to understand the feelings and social supports experienced by bereaved youth to develop an evidence-base for bereavement interventions. The sample included 400 youth ages 9-17, permitting robust psychometric testing of the IYAL. To evaluate the reliability of the IYAL, the sample framework was national in scope, encompassed a range of different types of youth bereavement programs, and purposively sought diversity in the sample.

Sexual Assault Victimization and Eating Disorders Among College-enrolled Men.

Sexual assault victimization and eating disorder rates are high among college populations and have significant psychological, physiological, and social outcomes. Previous research has found a positive relationship between experiences of sexual assault and eating disorder symptoms; however, these analyses have primarily focused on female students. Using data from the 2017-2018 Healthy Minds Study, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between experiencing a sexual assault within the previous 12 months and screening positive for an eating disorder among cisgender college-enrolled men.