Self-perceived views on offender rehabilitation in detained adolescent boys: a qualitative analysis in the context of the good lives model.

Introduction: An upcoming offender rehabilitation model, the Good Lives Model (GLM), proposes that effective offender rehabilitation should adopt a focus: reducing recidivism risk enhancing the offender's well-being. To achieve this, the GLM suggests rehabilitation should include the prosocial fulfilment of a universal set of human needs termed "primary goods." A focus on primary goods attainment and well-being is hypothesized to improve treatment motivation and achieve more sustainable desistance from future offending.

Best practice recommendations on the application of seclusion and restraint in mental health services: An evidence, human rights and consensus-based approach.

Unlabelled: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Seclusion and restraint still regularly occur within inpatient mental health services. The Council of Europe requires the development of a policy on for instance age limits, techniques and time limits. However, they only define the outer limits of such a policy by indicating when rights are violated.

Means of restraint in residential care when there is no acute danger. Time for the European committee on the prevention of torture to set the standard.

This contribution analyses the approach of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) to means of restraint in residential psychiatric and disability care. Generally, the CPT states that means of restraint can only be applied in cases of acute danger, and if all alternatives have failed. Detailed and strict conditions apply, including for the duration (usually minutes rather than hours).

On Spinocerebellar Ataxia 21 as a Mimicker of Cerebral Palsy.

Objectives: Sporadic variants in ataxia genes may mimic cerebral palsy (CP). Spinocerebellar ataxia 21 (SCA21), a very rare autosomal dominant disease, was discovered to be associated with variants in the transmembrane protein 240 () gene in 2014. In this report, we present 2 patients with sporadic SCA21, one of them diagnosed with ataxic CP.

[Flemish guideline for the prevention and use of seclusion and restraint].

Background: International consensus states that seclusion and restraint should only be applied as briefly and as little as possible. However, audits by the Care Inspectorate show that this is not always the case in Flemish mental health care (MHC).

Aim: To describe the development of a multidisciplinary guideline for the prevention and application of seclusion and restraint in inpatient MHC, underpinned by both clinical-scientific and legal evidence.

Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by native Ganoderma sp. strains: identification of metabolites and proposed degradation pathways.

Since polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic, they are of considerable environmental concern. A biotechnological approach to remove such compounds from polluted ecosystems could be based on the use of white-rot fungi (WRF). The potential of well-adapted indigenous Ganoderma strains to degrade PAHs remains underexplored.

A novel process-based approach to improve resilience: Effects of computerized mouse-based (gaze)contingent attention training (MCAT) on reappraisal and rumination.

Stress dysregulation is a transdiagnostic marker of emotional disorders, related to biases in attention toward negative information. We adapted a computerized process-based training targeting these attention mechanisms through mouse-based contingency responses and examined its effects on reappraisal and rumination. Forty-one participants were randomly assigned to either a control or an active training condition of mouse-based contingent attention training (MCAT).

Attentional disengagement from emotional information predicts future depression via changes in ruminative brooding: A five-month longitudinal eye-tracking study.

Brooding is considered a maladaptive form of emotion regulation linking adverse events to increases in depressive symptoms. The "Impaired Disengagement Hypothesis" (Koster, De Lissnyder, Derakshan & De Raedt, 2011) proposes that attentional disengagement processes are a main mechanism involved in the emergence and maintenance of brooding responses. In this study we tested prospective predictions derived from this framework, relying on eye-tracking to assess direct processes of attentional disengagement from emotional faces (i.

Eye-gaze contingent attention training (ECAT): Examining the causal role of attention regulation in reappraisal and rumination.

This study used a novel eye-gaze contingent attention training (ECAT) to test the prediction that attention regulation is involved in reappraisal and rumination. Sixty-six undergraduates were randomly assigned to either the control or the active training condition of the ECAT. Active ECAT comprised training in allocating attention toward positive words to efficiently create positive interpretations while receiving gaze-contingent feedback.

Soluble biomarkers development in osteoarthritis: from discovery to personalized medicine.

Context: Specific soluble biomarkers could be a precious tool for diagnosis, prognosis and personalized management of osteoarthritic (OA) patients.

Objective: To describe the path of soluble biomarker development from discovery to clinical qualification and regulatory adoption toward OA-related biomarker qualification.

Methods And Results: This review summarizes current guidance on the use of biomarkers in OA in clinical trials and their utility at five stages, including preclinical development and phase 1 to phase 4 trials.

Evolution and development of ventricular septation in the amniote heart.

During cardiogenesis the epicardium, covering the surface of the myocardial tube, has been ascribed several functions essential for normal heart development of vertebrates from lampreys to mammals. We investigated a novel function of the epicardium in ventricular development in species with partial and complete septation. These species include reptiles, birds and mammals.

DC-coupled burst-mode receiver with high sensitivity, wide dynamic range and short settling time for symmetric 10G-GPONs.

This paper presents a high performance DC-coupled 10 Gbit/s APD-based optical burst-mode receiver (BM-RX) for symmetric 10G-GPONs. The BM-RX can handle upstream bursts with a loud/soft range wider than 24.0 dB, and the measured sensitivity is -30.

Sensitivity and selectivity of intraneural stimulation using a silicon electrode array.

Artificial electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves needs the development of multielectrode devices which stimulate individual fibers or small groups in a selective and sensitive way. To this end, a multielectrode array in silicon technology has been developed, as well as experimental paradigms and model calculations for sensitivity and selectivity measures. The array consists of twelve platinum electrode sites (10 x 50 microns at 50 microns interdistance) on a 45 microns thick tip-shaped silicon substrate and a Si3N4 insulating glass cover layer.

Quantitative analysis of single muscle fibre action potentials recorded at known distances.

In vivo records of single fibre action potentials (SFAPs) have always been obtained at unknown distance from the active muscle fibre. A new experimental method has been developed enabling the derivation of the recording distance in animal experiments. A single fibre is stimulated with an intracellular micropipette electrode.

Investigation of protein structure by means of 19F-NMR. A study of hen egg-white lysozyme.

A 19F-labeled derivative of hen egg-white lysozyme, in which the six epsilon-amino groups are trifluoroacetylated (LF6), was prepared by reaction of lysozyme with S-ethyltrifluorothioacetate. The reaction mixture was fractionated by cation-exchange chromatography at pH 7.3.

Chest radiographs in cystic fibrosis. A follow-up study with application of a quantitative system.

A modified Chrispin-Norman score was used to investigate at what age typical X-ray signs of cystic fibrosis (CF) appear and for the follow-up of patient with CF. Scores of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) and with innocent heart murmurs were used for comparison. The findings were: 1.

Effect of depletion of spinal noradrenaline by 6-hydroxydopamine on the development of renal hypertension in rats.

1. A single injection in rats of 250 microgram of 6-hydroxydopamine HCl (6-OHDA) into the subarachnoidal space of the spinal cord of rats resulted in a lasting, selective depletion of spinal noradrenaline. Dopamine levels in the spinal cord and catecholamine levels in various brain regions were not markedly affected.