Cross-sectional study of the associations between the implementation of the WHO FCTC tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship bans and current e-cigarette use among youth from countries with different income levels.

Background: The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) Article 13 requires countries to ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS), and bans are recommended to cover electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). We examined youth e-cigarette prevalence by TAPS regulations in countries with different income levels.

Methods: We analysed data on 165 299 respondents from 48 countries with 2016/2018 WHO FCTC implementation reports and 2016-2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Secondary Glaucoma in Eyes with Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: To estimate incidence of and analyze risk factors for developing secondary glaucoma in eyes with uveal melanoma before and after diagnosis.

Design: A cross-sectional, population-based cohort study.

Participants: Seven hundred eighty-one patients (median age, 64 years; range, 14-93) consecutively diagnosed with uveal melanoma from 1997 to 2012 in a national ocular oncology service, 708 (91%) of whom received ruthenium (50%) or iodine (50%) brachytherapy.

Eye Injuries Caused by Wooden Projectiles in Finland.

Introduction: Eye injuries can cause decreased vision or even blindness, and predispose to future complications. Wood as an independent cause of eye injuries has infrequently been the focus of the studies. The aim of this study is to report the current population-based epidemiology, treatment, use of resources and outcomes of eye injuries caused by sticks, branches, and other wooden projectiles in Finland.

Community-based cardiovascular disease prevention programmes and cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to summarise the effect of community-based intervention programmes on the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by reducing cardiometabolic risk factors.

Study Design: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic search in the PubMed database and screening of reference lists aimed to identify community-based CVD prevention programmes from inception up to April 2020.

How to make better use of scientific knowledge for cancer prevention.

Cancer prevention research has produced profound scientific knowledge that has led to the development of several evidence-based prevention strategies. But do these research outcomes lead to preventive action in real life? Many factors contribute to the so-called 'implementation gap' between prevention recommendations and their application and adherence, including individual actions and behaviour, health service structures and political actions. This article discusses factors underlying the implementation gap in both clinical- and population-based prevention.

The North Karelia Project: Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Finland Through Population-Based Lifestyle Interventions.

The North Karelia Project was started in 1972 as a response to the high cardiovascular mortality among men in North Karelia, Finland's easternmost province. Prevalent cardiovascular disease risk factors in the province included elevated serum cholesterol, hypertension, and smoking. Through a sociobehavioral framework utilizing community-based interventions and national-level policy changes and legislation, the project targeted lifestyle changes as a means to alleviate cardiovascular disease risk factors.

European real-world data about the use of a new delivery system containing a preservative-free multi-dose glaucoma treatment.

Background: Glaucoma treatments are mostly presented in uni-dose or multi-dose format. A certain number of patients with visual acuity and dexterity problems may have problems in instilling eye drops.

Aim: To assess patient satisfaction and ease of use of a preservative-free glaucoma treatment (dorzolamide/timolol) in a new and innovative patented multi-dose delivery system.

Work tool-related eye injuries: Helsinki Ocular Trauma Study.

Purpose: To quantify and characterize the epidemiology, treatments, long-term outcome, and use of resources for work tool-related eye injuries and their severity.

Methods: We included all new patients with a work tool-related eye injury treated at the Helsinki University Eye Hospital in 1 year. The data were from hospital records, examinations, and patient questionnaires.

Get some respect - buy organic foods! When everyday consumer choices serve as prosocial status signaling.

Status considerations have recently been linked to prosocial behaviors. This research shows that even everyday consumer behaviors such as favoring organic foods serve as prosocial status signaling. Key ideas from the continuum model of consumer impression formation and the theories of costly signaling and symbolic consumption are synthetized to make sense of this phenomenon.

Impact of the WHO FCTC on tobacco control: perspectives from stakeholders in 12 countries.

Background: The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), the first WHO treaty, entered into force in 2005. In April 2015, a seven-member independent expert group (EG) was established by a decision of the FCTC Conference of the Parties to assess the impact of the Treaty in its first decade.One component of the EG's methodology was to gather evidence on WHO FCTC impact from Parties themselves.

Thirty-eight-year trends of educational differences in smoking in Finland.

Objectives: Smoking is declining, but it is unevenly distributed among population groups. Our aim was to examine the socio-economic differences in smoking during 1978-2016 in Finland, a country with a history of strict tobacco control policy.

Methods: Annual population-based random sample data of 25-64-year-olds from 1978 to 2016 (N = 104,315) were used.

Toy gun eye injuries - eye protection needed Helsinki ocular trauma study.

Purpose: We report the epidemiology, findings, treatment, long-term outcome and use of resources for eye injuries caused by toy guns in southern Finland.

Methods: All new patients injured by toy guns in one year (2011-2012) and treated at Helsinki University Eye Hospital were included. Follow-ups occurred at 3 months and 5 years.

WHO FCTC as a Pioneering and Learning Instrument Comment on "The Legal Strength of International Health Instruments - What It Brings to Global Health Governance?".

The World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) is a unique global health instrument, since it is in the health field the only instrument that is international law. After the 10 years of its existence an Independent Expert Group assessed the impact of the FCTC using all available data and visiting a number of countries interviewing different stakeholders. It is quite clear that the Treaty has acted as a strong catalyst and framework for national actions and that remarkable progress in global tobacco control can be seen.

" Nature step" to prevent noncommunicable inflammatory disease.

The prevention of many diseases has significantly improved by intervening in known risk factors. However, the causes of the increase in allergy and type 1 diabetes are unknown. These diseases are often associated with a low-grade inflammation and immunological imbalance.

Sweet taste of prosocial status signaling: When eating organic foods makes you happy and hopeful.

As the current research suggests that there are links between prosocial acts and status signaling (including sustainable consumer choices), we empirically study (with three experiments) whether food consumers go green to be seen. First, we examine how activating a motive for status influences prosocial organic food preferences. Then, we examine how the social visibility of the choice (private vs.

Ring melanoma of the anterior chamber angle as a mimicker of pigmentary glaucoma.

A 19-year-old man noticed blurred vision in his right eye. He had an intraocular pressure of 60 versus 12 mmHg in the fellow eye. He was initially diagnosed with an atypical, advanced pigmentary glaucoma.

Why Did North Karelia-Finland Work?: Is it Transferrable?

Successful prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the North Karelia Project and Finland has drawn international attention, particularly as cardiovascular diseases and more generally noncommunicable diseases have become the leading cause of premature mortality in the world. The questions have often been asked about what were the main reasons for success and whether or not the experience could be transferred elsewhere. The main lesson is that the possibilities and potential of cardiovascular prevention are great.

Creating a pro-active health care system to combat chronic diseases in Sri Lanka: the central role of preventive medicine and healthy lifestyle behaviors.

Introduction: The current burden and future escalating threat of chronic diseases, constitutes the major global public health challenge. In Sri Lanka, cardiovascular diseases account for the majority of annual deaths. Data from Sri Lanka also indicate a high incidence and prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes; 1 in 5 adults have elevated blood sugar in Sri Lanka.