On the substrate turnover rate of NBCe1 and AE1 SLC4 transporters: structure-function considerations.

A transport protein's turnover rate (TOR) is the maximum rate of substrate translocation under saturating conditions. This parameter represents the number of transporting events per transporter molecule (assuming a single transport site) per second (s). From this standpoint, a transporter's TOR is similar to an enzyme's catalytic constant.

[Early measurement of digoxin concentration in blood serum to predict adverse events in older age groups with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation.].

To evaluate the effect of early measurement of serum digoxin concentration (SDC) on therapeutical safety and efficacy in patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation and heart failure. De novo ventricular arrhythmias, high-grade AV node or sinus node blocks were noted in 22%, this risk was positively associated with endpoint SDC (mean SDC 0,88±0,78 ng/mL vs 0,45±0,71 ng/mL, p=0,039) irrespective of baseline characteristics. Empiric calculators for long-term digoxin monitoring correlated with both SDC (r=0,54.

[Fibrophysematous lung changes and microbiota changes in senile persons.].

Research on the condition of the lungs in senile people is an urgent task. This is due to the fact that degenerative or age-associated changes in the respiratory system play an important role in the formation of senile asthenia syndrome and a decrease in the age-related viability of the body as a whole. CT-scans of patients aged 80-90 years were analyzed (n=31).

Molecular dynamics simulations of lipid-protein interactions in SLC4 proteins.

The SLC4 family of secondary bicarbonate transporters is responsible for the transport of HCO, CO, Cl, Na, K, NH, and H, which are necessary for regulation of pH and ion homeostasis. They are widely expressed in numerous tissues throughout the body and function in different cell types with different membrane properties. Potential lipid roles in SLC4 function have been reported in experimental studies, focusing mostly on two members of the family: AE1 (Cl/HCO exchanger) and NBCe1 (Na-COcotransporter).

Protein 4.1N Plays a Cell Type-Specific Role in Hippocampal Glutamatergic Synapse Regulation.

Many glutamatergic synapse proteins contain a 4.1N protein binding domain. However, a role for 4.

Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of lipid-protein interactions in SLC4 proteins.

Unlabelled: The SLC4 family of secondary bicarbonate transporters is responsible for the transport of HCO -, CO , Cl , Na , K , NH and H necessary for regulation of pH and ion homeostasis. They are widely expressed in numerous tissues throughout the body and function in different cell types with different membrane properties. Potential lipid roles in SLC4 function have been reported in experimental studies, focusing mostly on two members of the family: AE1 (Cl /HCO exchanger) and NBCe1 (Na -CO cotransporter).

High-gain broadband laser amplification of mid-IR pulses in Fe:CdSe crystal at 5 μm with millijoule output energy and multigigawatt peak power.

We report on a first of its kind, to our knowledge broadband amplification in a Fe:CdSe single crystal in the mid-IR beyond 5 µm. The experimentally measured gain properties demonstrate saturation fluence close to 13 mJ/cm and support the bandwidth up to 320 nm (full width at half maximum). Such properties allow the energy of the seeding mid-IR laser pulse, generated by an optical parametric amplifier, to be pushed up to more than 1 mJ.

CryoEM structures of anion exchanger 1 capture multiple states of inward- and outward-facing conformations.

Anion exchanger 1 (AE1, band 3) is a major membrane protein of red blood cells and plays a key role in acid-base homeostasis, urine acidification, red blood cell shape regulation, and removal of carbon dioxide during respiration. Though structures of the transmembrane domain (TMD) of three SLC4 transporters, including AE1, have been resolved previously in their outward-facing (OF) state, no mammalian SLC4 structure has been reported in the inward-facing (IF) conformation. Here we present the cryoEM structures of full-length bovine AE1 with its TMD captured in both IF and OF conformations.

Relationship of zinc level with pathogenetically significant homeostasis disorders in severely burned patients.

The aim of the study was to assess the zinc content and identify the relationship between the concentration of this element and changes in the biochemical status of patients and markers of inflammation during burn shock. We examined 23 patients aged 45.3±16.

Single-shot femtosecond bulk micromachining of silicon with mid-IR tightly focused beams.

Being the second most abundant element on earth after oxygen, silicon remains the working horse for key technologies for the years. Novel photonics platform for high-speed data transfer and optical memory demands higher flexibility of the silicon modification, including on-chip and in-bulk inscription regimes. These are deepness, three-dimensionality, controllability of sizes and morphology of created modifications.

Control of spectral shift, broadening, and pulse compression during mid-IR self-guiding in high-pressure gases and their mixtures.

Precise control of the nonlinear optical phenomena is the limiting factor for the spectral broadening and pulse compression techniques for high-power laser systems. Here we demonstrate that generation of the blue and red components under filamentation of 4.55-μm mid-IR pulses can be easily adjusted independently through the use of inert and molecular gases, while uniform broadening up to 1-μm bandwidth at the 1/e level relies on the proper choice of gas mixture and its compounds partial pressure.

Schizophrenia-associated SAP97 mutations increase glutamatergic synapse strength in the dentate gyrus and impair contextual episodic memory in rats.

Mutations in the putative glutamatergic synapse scaffolding protein SAP97 are associated with the development of schizophrenia in humans. However, the role of SAP97 in synaptic regulation is unclear. Here we show that SAP97 is expressed in the dendrites of granule neurons in the dentate gyrus but not in the dendrites of other hippocampal neurons.

[Prognostic potential of inflammatory factors in older patients diagnosed with COVID-19.].

The COVID-19 pandemic requires a quick and accurate diagnosis and assessment of the condition of patients, correctly chosen by the tactics of treatment and prediction of the course of the disease, especially in older patients. The most promising direction is the study of the potential of inflammatory factors among people over 60 years of age. This paper analyzed serum level characteristics of analytes such as C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, IL-6, troponin, ferritin and brain natriuretic peptide.

The effect of hyperoxia on the hemostasiological status of severely burned patients.

The state of the hemostasis system was studied in 9 patients of the middle age group (44 ± 9.94 years) who received thermal trauma on an area of more than 32% (49.4 ± 18.

Diode-side-pumped watt-level high-energy Q-switched mid-IR Er:YLF laser.

We report on a powerful mid-IR diode-side-pumped tunable : (Er:YLF) laser electro-optically -switched with the help of a crystal. At a 20 Hz repetition rate, the laser pulses with output energy of 82 mJ and 13 ns duration at the wavelength of 2.67 µm are obtained.

Cryo-EM structure of the sodium-driven chloride/bicarbonate exchanger NDCBE.

SLC4 transporters play significant roles in pH regulation and cellular sodium transport. The previously solved structures of the outward facing (OF) conformation for AE1 (SLC4A1) and NBCe1 (SLC4A4) transporters revealed an identical overall fold despite their different transport modes (chloride/bicarbonate exchange versus sodium-carbonate cotransport). However, the exact mechanism determining the different transport modes in the SLC4 family remains unknown.

[Age-related changes in hematological parameters in patients with acute coronary syndrome.].

Over the past decade, there has been a great interest in hematological indicators as markers for assessing the severity of coronary artery disease and stratifying the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome. To understand the possibility of using hematological indicators as predictors of adverse outcomes in this category of patients, the question of clarifying their age-related changes became a question. This study discusses age-related changes in hematological parameters in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

[Features of the coefficient of variation of hematological indicators in persons of middle, elderly and senile age with pneumonia.].

Pneumonia is the leading mortality rate among all infectious diseases. It has been established that the reliable risk group for morbidity and mortality from this nosology includes persons over 60 years of age, and with age the severity of the disease only increases. According to literary data, one of the reasons for the decline in adaptation capabilities of older persons is the phenomenon of «age desinhronosis», which manifests itself in significant fluctuations in the parameters of the internal environment of the body.

Influence of exogenous and endogenous factors on the quality of the preanalytical stage of laboratory tests (review of literature).

A literature review in the article presents an analysis of the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors on quality of preanalytical phase of laboratory testing. The review shows significance of external and internal factors influencing blood samples at preanalytical phase of laboratory testing. Among the exogenous factors considered: phlebotomy, test tubes for samples, transportation and storage.

[Age and nosological structure of ophthalmological diseases of patients of the ophthalmological center of Saint-Petersburg in 2015-2019.].

About 1,3 billion people live on our planet with visual disorders such as cataract and glaucoma, the prevalence of which is significantly higher in the elderlypopulation. Eye diseases remain a global medical, social and economic problem, associated with both the progression of the disease to blindness and the lack of pathogenetic therapy methods. A retrospective analysis of the long-term dynamics and structure of cases of ophthalmological diseases of patients treated in a large multidisciplinary hospital was carried out.

[Features of the picture of blood cells in elderly persons with primary open-angle glaucoma.].

Around 1,3 billion people live worldwide with visual analyzer disorders such as glaucoma and cataract. These diseases are particularly common among the elderly. From glaucoma every year 10 million people completely lose vision, one of the factors of which is untimely diagnosis.

[Laboratory predictors of glaucoma in patients with middle and old age - a tool to improve the quality of life (literature review).].

There are about 1,3 billion people worldwide with visual disorders such as cataract and glaucoma, the prevalence of which is significantly higher in elder persons. Eye diseases remain a global medical, social and economic problem, associated with both the progression of the disease up to blindness and the lack of pathogenetic therapy methods. Timely detection of pathology is secondary prevention of glaucoma.