A latent profile analysis of adverse childhood experiences and adult health in a community sample.

Background: Childhood adversity is generally associated with adult mental health problems, but most studies have an insufficient sample size to examine relationships among various aspects of childhood adversity and adult mental health outcomes. Further, past research has predominantly been restricted to a single or limited types of adverse events, which ignores the inherent interdependence among childhood adversity indicators.

Objective: The current study explored various configurations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and then examined the relationships among these configurations and various mental health constructs with a person-centered analytic framework.

Biomarkers of adverse childhood experiences: A scoping review.

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are stressful and/or traumatic experiences that occur during childhood. Research has demonstrated a link between ACEs and risk of physical and mental health disorders, where early life adversity may become "biologically embedded" and have wide-ranging effects on various physiological systems. The aim of this study was to identify the extent and breadth of recent research activity relating to biological measures of ACEs in adulthood.

The effects of adult depression on the recollection of adverse childhood experiences.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to numerous negative physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. As such, self-report questionnaires that assess for ACEs are increasingly used in healthcare settings. However, previous research has generated some concern over the reliability of retrospective reports of childhood adversity, and it has been proposed that symptoms of depression may increase recall of negative memories.

Do adverse childhood experiences predict adult interpersonal difficulties? The role of emotion dysregulation.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are risk factors for interpersonal difficulties in adulthood, however the mechanism that underlies this association is unknown. The current study investigated the association of a wide range of ACEs with interpersonal difficulties in adulthood, and tested whether emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between ACEs and interpersonal difficulties. Patients over the age of 18 were recruited from primary care clinics (N = 4006).

Anxiety among adults with a history of childhood adversity: Psychological resilience moderates the indirect effect of emotion dysregulation.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been widely identified as risk factors for increased symptoms of anxiety across the lifespan. Little is known, however, about the processes by which ACEs set the stage for increased symptoms of anxiety in adulthood. The current study evaluated whether emotion dysregulation and psychological resilience influence the association between ACEs and symptoms of anxiety.

Childhood adversity and adult depression: The protective role of psychological resilience.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, have been identified as salient risk factors for adult depression. However, not all individuals who experience ACEs go on to develop depression. The extent to which resilience- or the ability to demonstrate stable levels of functioning despite adversity- may act as a buffer against depression among individuals with a history of ACEs has not been adequately examined.

A review of primary care interventions to improve health outcomes in adult survivors of adverse childhood experiences.

Research has consistently demonstrated a link between the experience of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adult health conditions, including mental and physical health problems. While a focus on the prevention or mitigation of adversity in childhood is an important direction of many programs, many individuals do not access support services until adulthood, when health problems may be fairly engrained. It is not clear which interventions have the strongest evidence base to support the many adults who present to services with a history of ACEs.

Quantitative detection of enteroviruses in activated sludge by cell culture and real-time RT-PCR using paramagnetic capturing.

We have compared in extracts of activated sludge the number of enteroviruses detectable with buffalo green monkey (BGM) cell-cultures versus the number of enteroviral genomes determined by reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). In order to find conditions adequate for quantifying enteroviral RNA isolated from (waste)water we have investigated affinity capture of RNA with polystyrene beads (Dynabeads). The capture efficiency strongly depended on the genomic region chosen for the affinity binding.

Detection of enteric viruses and bacterial indicators in German environmental waters.

A German mining lake and the supplying surface waters, which are located downstream of a sewage plant, were examined regarding their microbiological and virological quality. Between October 2002 and September 2003, specific PCR methods were used to determine the occurrence of enteric viruses in 123 water specimens drawn at different sites downstream of the waste water treatment plant and in 9 samples from the sewage plant influent. Detection rates in sewage plant effluents and surface water samples depended on sampling sites and were: 29-76% for enterovirus (EntV), 24-42% (astrovirus, AstV), 15-53% (norovirus, NV), 3-24% (rotavirus, RoV), 5-20% (hepatitis A virus, HAV) and 20% (adenovirus, AdV).

Comparison of Methods for Isolation of Listeria from Raw Milk.

Methods used to isolate Listeria spp. from raw milk were compared during a 13-month period (April 1989-April 1990). Raw milk was obtained bimonthly from 12 dairy farms during this time period.

Effect of cleaning, milling, and baking on deoxynivalenol in wheat.

Samples of wheat naturally infected by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe were obtained from mills in Oklahoma, Missouri, Kansas, and Minnesota and fields in Nebraska and Kansas in 1982; they were analyzed for deoxynivalenol (DON). The wheat was milled, and DON was found throughout all the milling fractions (bran, shorts, reduction flour, and break flour). The DON recoveries for each mill run ranged from 90 to 98%.

Some characteristics of antenatal care in 13 European countries.

This study compares the organization of antenatal care in 13 European countries having a fetal and infant mortality rate below 20 per 1000. The countries differ in the number of prenatal visits, the role performed by midwives and the use of home care. It shows that there is no single model of antenatal care among countries having similar fetal and infant mortality.

Differences in the reported frequencies of some obstetrical interventions in Europe.

Answers to a questionnaire on perinatal practices in countries of the WHO European region revealed rates of operative delivery ranging from about 6 to 24%. When the caesarean section rates were compared with the rates of forceps and vacuum extraction for each country, no systematic trend was found. There was a slight negative correlation between the frequencies of operative delivery and national perinatal mortality rates, but this accounts for only a small amount of the inter-country variation in perinatal mortality rates.