Continuous flow solvent-free and catalyst-free mechanochemical production of rhodamine B dyes and their derivatives.

In this communication, we have described a simple and efficient, catalyst free and solvent-free protocol for the continuous flow synthesis of rhodamine B dyes developed from 3-diethyl amino phenol and phthalic anhydride. Nearly 95% conversion was achieved within 12 min using a jacketed single screw reactor. This method is further used for the synthesis of six derivatives with 70-84% yield, which can be compared to 85% yield from a 1-hour long batch synthesis involving a catalyst.

Factors associated with the delay in diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at the patient and health system level: A study from a rural setting in India.

Background: With the proportion of tuberculosis cases that are extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) increasing in recent years, understanding and addressing factors contributing to the prolonged time to diagnosis (TTD) of EPTB patients is vital.

Methods: We enrolled presumptive EPTB patients for a cohort study from 2018-2020 in Ujjain, India. Based on a structured questionnaire, the patients were interviewed for socio-demographic and clinical information, including previously visited health facilities (HF) for this illness.

Health-related quality of life among extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients and inequalities by disease manifestations: a longitudinal study analysing the impact of TB treatment.

Background: To understand the impact of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and its treatment on quality of life, we analysed patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) among presumptive ETPB patients.

Methods: EuroQol's five-dimensional three-level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire and the Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) were used to measure PROMs by 274 presumptive EPTB patients at pre- and post-treatment stages. The patients were categorised as TB and non-TB by using a composite reference standard.

Management of jump space in immediate implants with and without demineralised freeze dried bone allograft: a randomised controlled trial.

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the management of Jump space (JS) in immediate implants with and without Demineralised freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) with flapless approach.

Materials And Methods: The present study included 40 sites with immediate implant placement in the maxillary anterior region. Group 1 patients were treated without augmentation while Group 2 patients with DFDBA in the JS.

Milk derived extracellular vesicle uptake in human microglia regulates the DNA methylation machinery : Short title: milk-derived extracellular vesicles and the epigenetic machinery.

Mammalian milk contains milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs), a group of biological nanovesicles that transport macromolecules. Their ability to cross the blood brain barrier and the presence of cargo capable of modifying gene function have led to the hypothesis that MEVs may play a role in brain function and development. Here, we investigated the uptake of MEVs by human microglia cells in vitro and explored the functional outcomes of MEV uptake.

Factors associated with hospitalization and mortality in adult and pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in Central India.

Background: Comorbidities complicate the management of tuberculosis (TB) and have become an essential part of the end TB strategy to eradicate TB. However, pulmonary TB has received the most attention, and little is known about the impact of comorbidities and other factors on outcomes in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).

Objectives: Our aim was to analyze the factors associated with hospitalization and mortality in EPTB at a hospital in Central India, using non-TB patients with similar clinical presentations as a comparison.

Synthesis, characterization, and anti-cancer potential of novel p53-mediated Mdm2 and Pirh2 modulators: an integrated and approach.

Leukemia is a global health concern that requires alternative treatments due to the limitations of the FDA-approved drugs. Our focus is on p53, a crucial tumor suppressor that regulates cell division. It appears possible to stabilize p53 without causing damage to DNA by investigating dual-acting inhibitors that target both ligases.

Diagnosing adult and pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis by MPT64 antigen detection with immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry using reproduced polyclonal antibodies.

Diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is challenging. Immunohistochemistry or immunocytochemistry has been used to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) by detection of MPT64 antigen from various extrapulmonary specimens and has shown good diagnostic performance in our previous studies. The test can distinguish between disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria and can be applied on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue.

Interventions to promote household waste segregation: A systematic review.

Waste segregation at source, particularly at the household level, is an integral component of sustainable solid waste management, which is a critical public health issue. Although multiple interventions have been published, often with contradictory findings, few authors have conducted a comprehensive systematic synthesis of the published literature. Therefore, we undertook a systematic review to synthesize all published interventions conducted in any country in the world which targeted household-level waste segregation with or without additional focus on recycling or composting.

Evaluation of an emergency department opt-out provider-driven HIV and syphilis screening and linkage-to-care program.

Objective: While the effectiveness of emergency departments (ED) in screening for HIV and syphilis is understood, less is known about dual screening programs. We aim to evaluate the impact of an opt-out provider-initiated HIV and syphilis program on screening, diagnosis, and linkage to care outcomes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients screened pre (2014-2017) and post (2017-2021) program implementation.

Search for Evidence of Baryogenesis and Dark Matter in B^{+}→ψ_{D}+p Decays at BABAR.

A new dark sector antibaryon, denoted ψ_{D}, could be produced in decays of B mesons. This Letter presents a search for B^{+}→ψ_{D}+p (and the charge conjugate) decays in e^{+}e^{-} annihilations at 10.58 GeV, using data collected in the BABAR experiment.

Acoustomechanically activatable liposomes for ultrasonic drug uncaging.

Ultrasound-activatable drug-loaded nanocarriers enable noninvasive and spatiotemporally-precise on-demand drug delivery throughout the body. However, most systems for ultrasonic drug uncaging utilize cavitation or heating as the drug release mechanism and often incorporate relatively exotic excipients into the formulation that together limit the drug-loading potential, stability, and clinical translatability and applicability of these systems. Here we describe an alternate strategy for the design of such systems in which the acoustic impedance and osmolarity of the internal liquid phase of a drug-loaded particle is tuned to maximize ultrasound-induced drug release.

Early Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery or Intrapleural Enzyme Therapy in Pleural Infection: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. The Third Multicenter Intrapleural Sepsis Trial-MIST-3.

Assessing the early use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or intrapleural enzyme therapy (IET) in pleural infection requires a phase III randomized controlled trial (RCT). To establish the feasibility of randomization in a surgery-versus-nonsurgery trial as well as the key outcome measures that are important to identify relevant patient-centered outcomes in a subsequent RCT. The MIST-3 (third Multicenter Intrapleural Sepsis Trial) was a prospective multicenter RCT involving eight U.

Discovery of Novel Myristic Acid Derivatives as N-Myristoyltransferase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Analysis, Computational Studies and Antifungal Activity.

In recent years, N-Myristoyltransferase (NMT) has been identified as a new target for the treatment of fungal infections. It is observed that at present, there are increased rates of morbidity and mortality due to fungal infections. Hence, a series of novel myristic acid derivatives were designed via molecular docking studies and ADMET studies by targeting NMT (N-Myristoyltransferase).

An Analysis of Temporal Trends in Anti-Asian Hate and Counter-Hate on Twitter During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Recent studies have documented increases in anti-Asian hate throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet relatively little is known about how anti-Asian content on social media, as well as positive messages to combat the hate, have varied over time. In this study, we investigated temporal changes in the frequency of anti-Asian and counter-hate messages on Twitter during the first 16 months of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Programmed Death Ligand -1 and Gene Mutation Characterization of Lung Malignancies in Patients at a Rural Hospital in Central India.

Introduction: Lung malignancy is one of the most common neoplasms worldwide. Accurate histology sub-typing and identification of gene mutations in lung tumours are considered important to administer targeted therapy for improved clinical outcome. Our aim is to determine the frequency of EGFR mutation and Programmed death ligand-1 (PD -L1) status of lung malignancies in patients attending a rural hospital in Central India.

Assessment of risk of musculoskeletal discomforts in physiotherapists treating neurological patients: A pilot study.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are conditions that are caused and/or aggravated by work. The most important reason behind work-related musculoskeletal disorder is abnormal and/or stressful position of joints while working. Physiotherapists are very much prone to develop work-related musculoskeletal disorders, especially while treating neurologically challenged patients.

Significance of non-granulomatous cytomorphology on fine needle aspirate in lymphadenitis cases classified as tuberculous by using a composite reference standard.

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is established as a first line investigation for tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLA). We aimed to describe the various cytomorphologic features of tuberculosis (TB) on FNAC and their contribution in the diagnostic decision-making in suspected TBLA cases.

Methods: Patients with presumptive TBLA were prospectively enrolled (n = 266) and subjected to routine diagnostic work-up for TB, including FNAC samples, and followed until the end of treatment.

Novel Derivatives of Eugenol as a New Class of PPARγ Agonists in Treating Inflammation: Design, Synthesis, SAR Analysis and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

The main objective of this research was to develop novel compounds from readily accessed natural products especially eugenol with potential biological activity. Eugenol, the principal chemical constituent of clove () from the family Myrtaceae is renowned for its pharmacological properties, which include analgesic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. According to reports, PPARγ regulates inflammatory reactions.

Heparin Biofunctionalized Selenium Nanoparticles as Potential Antiangiogenic-Chemotherapeutic Agents for Targeted Doxorubicin Delivery.

Combining antiangiogenic and chemotherapeutic agents has shown promising clinical benefits in cancer cures when the therapeutic intervention takes into account the tissue and molecular targets. Moreover, the risk of induced drug resistance is minimized when multiple pathways are involved in the treatment regimen, yielding a better therapeutic outcome. Nanodrug delivery systems have proven to be a prudent approach to treating complex disease pathologies.

Syndromic surveillance system during mass gathering of Panchkroshi Yatra festival, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Background: The health implications surrounding a mass gathering pose significant challenges to public health officials. The use of syndromic surveillance provides an ideal method for achieving the public health goals and objectives at such events. In the absence of published reports of systematic documentation of public health preparedness in mass gatherings in the local context, we describe the public health preparedness and demonstrate the operational feasibility of a tablet-based participatory syndromic surveillance among pilgrims during the annual ritual circumambulation- .

Association of Brain Arterial Elongation With Risk of Stroke and Death in Stroke-Free Individuals: Results From NOMAS.

Background: Brain arterial dilation and elongation characterize dolichoectasia, an arteriopathy associated with risk of stroke and death. We aim to determine whether brain arterial elongation increases the risk of stroke and death independent of brain arterial diameters.

Methods: We analyzed 1210 stroke-free participants (mean age 71±9 years, 41% men, 65% Hispanic) with available time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiogram from the Northern Manhattan Study, a population-based cohort study across a multiethnic urban community.