Association of iron deficiency and anemia with obesity among children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Obesity is a potential risk factor for anemia in children. This systematic review (SR) was undertaken to estimate the association of obesity with iron deficiency (ID) and ID anemia (IDA), in children.

Methods: A systematic literature search for observational studies was done in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane library, with additional hand-searching.

Production and characterization of sophorolipid under yeast-mediated submerged fermentation utilizing Agro-industrial waste.

The challenges of pollution and agro-industrial waste management have led to the development of bioconversion techniques to transform these wastes into valuable products. This has increased the focus on the sustainable and cost-efficient production of biosurfactants from agro-industrial waste. Hence, the present study investigates the production of sophorolipid biosurfactants using the yeast strain IIPL32 under submerged fermentation, employing sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate-a renewable, low-cost agro-industrial waste as the feedstock.

Epidemiology of sickle cell disease in tribal population of Southern Rajasthan, India.

Background & Objectives: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), a genetic condition, carries significant public health implications due to its impact on mortality, morbidity and quality of life. SCD is prevalent among tribal communities. The objective of this study was to conduct a screening of the tribal population and report the prevalence of SCD in southern Rajasthan, India.

Comparison of Intubating Conditions Between Direct Laryngoscopy and C-MAC Video-laryngoscopy in Patients With Simulated Cervical Spine Immobilization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Intubation of patients requiring cervical spine immobilization can be challenging. Recently, the use of C-MAC video laryngoscopes (VL) has increased in popularity over direct laryngoscopy (DL). We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of C-MAC VL as compared with DL for intubation in C-spine immobilized patients.

Regeneration of PFAS-laden granular activated carbon by modified supercritical CO extraction.

Granular activated carbon (GAC) is widely used to treat contaminated per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) waste streams, resulting in the accumulation of large quantities of spent GAC that need to be landfilled or regenerated. A novel modified supercritical CO (scCO) extraction for regeneration of spent GAC is developed. With the addition of organic solvents and acid modifiers, the procedure yielded >99% perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) desorption after a 60-min treatment in a continuous flow reactor.

Absolute and Relative Binding Free Energy Calculations of Nucleotides to Multiple Protein Classes.

Polyphosphate nucleotides, such as ATP, ADP, GTP, and GDP, play a crucial role in modulating protein functions through binding and/or catalytically activating proteins (enzymes). However, accurately calculating the binding free energies for these charged and flexible ligands poses challenges due to slow conformational relaxation and the limitations of force fields. In this study, we examine the accuracy and reliability of alchemical free energy simulations with fixed-charge force fields for the binding of four nucleotides to nine proteins of various classes, including kinases, ATPases, and GTPases.

Sonographic Assessment of Isthmocele and Its Obstetric Complications in Subsequent Pregnancies: A Pictorial Review.

Cesarean scar defect represents a significant pathology attributed to the rising prevalence of cesarean deliveries. While not commonplace, these lesions can give rise to severe obstetric consequences during subsequent pregnancies. Given the potential complications, it is advisable to screen for uterine niches using transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) or contrast-enhanced TVUS for individuals planning to conceive.

Intraspecific variability of rice root knot nematodes across diverse agroecosystems for sustainable management.

In the rice agroecosystems of Southeast Asia, rice root knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) significantly impairs yield, representing a major species within the 'graminis-group' known for its morphological similarities with other root knot nematodes (RKNs). This study delves into the variations in reproductive potential, morphology, morphometrics, and genetic diversity among thirty RKN populations in rice across three distinct agroecological zones in Jharkhand, India. Despite notable differences in reproductive potential among the populations, morphological and morphometric correlations to reproductive potential were inconclusive.

Search for Soft Unclustered Energy Patterns in Proton-Proton Collisions at 13 TeV.

The first search for soft unclustered energy patterns (SUEPs) is performed using an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, collected in 2016-2018 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Such SUEPs are predicted by hidden valley models with a new, confining force with a large 't Hooft coupling. In events with boosted topologies, selected by high-threshold hadronic triggers, the multiplicity and sphericity of clustered tracks are used to reject the background from standard model quantum chromodynamics.

Independent contributions of nuclear and extended families to risk of early childhood caries among children from low socio-economic status in India.

Objective: The family is a fundamental unit of society and provides care to the needs of its members. This study aims to assess the independent contributions of nuclear and extended families through direct and indirect pathways towards the risk of early childhood caries among 5-year-old children from low socio-economic status families in Central India.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with two-stage sampling of 313 randomly selected school children.

Search for the Z Boson Decay to ττμμ in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

The first search for the Z boson decay to ττμμ at the CERN LHC is presented, based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. The data are compatible with the predicted background. For the first time, an upper limit at the 95% confidence level of 6.

Observation of the decay.

Using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of collected by the CMS experiment at , the decay is observed for the first time, with a statistical significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The relative branching fraction, with respect to the decay, is measured to be , where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is related to the uncertainties in and .

Observation of Enhanced Long-Range Elliptic Anisotropies Inside High-Multiplicity Jets in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search for collective effects inside jets produced in proton-proton collisions is performed via correlation measurements of charged particles using the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The analysis uses data collected at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=13  TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-k_{T} algorithm with a distance parameter of 0.

Effect of oral doxycycline, azithromycin and isotretinoin on haematological inflammatory markers and interleukin-17A levels in acne vulgaris: a single blinded randomised interventional study.

Amidst the existing literature on the effect of isotretinoin on serum interleukin-17 levels in acne patients, the effects of oral antibiotics azithromycin and doxycycline on serum interleukin-17 is scarce. We conducted an investigator blinded randomized interventional study to compare the effect of doxycycline, azithromycin and isotretinoin on inflammatory markers and Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) levels in acne. Patients were randomized and received the treatment according to treatment arm till 12 weeks.

Efficacy of allogenic bone block graft in maxillary alveolar ridge reconstruction: A systematic review.

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the efficiency of allogenic bone block grafts for maxillary alveolar ridge reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. In addition, manual searching was done.

Structure equation modeling in oral health research: A review of applications and considerations.

This review provides an overview of structure equation modeling (SEM) and its applications in dental research. SEM is a statistical technique that allows researchers to examine the relationships between variables and is useful for analyzing data from a wide range of research designs, including cross-sectional, longitudinal, and experimental studies. The process involves specifying a theoretical model, testing the model with data, and evaluating the model fit.

A Significant Prospective on Nanorobotics in Precision Medicine and Therapeutic Interventions.

Nanorobotics, situated at the intersection of nanotechnology and robotics, holds the potential for revolutionary impact on precision medicine and medical interventions. This review explores the design, navigation, drug delivery, and applications of nanorobots. Architectural intricacies, sensor integration, and navigation strategies, both active and passive, are discussed.

Overcoming strong retention barriers of A- and V-series nerve agents on silica sorbents.

The present study explores the potential of silica solid phase extraction for gas chromatography mass spectrometric analyses of A- and V-series nerve agents. Owing to the presence of basic amidine and amine moieties, these analyte undergo strong ionic interactions with inherently acidic silica surfaces, producing poor recoveries. Subtle optimizations in the elution composition empowered the analytes to overcome the retention barriers from sorbent surfaces.

Role of Growth Factors in Nasal Cartilage Development and Molding: A Comprehensive Review.

This review aims to investigate the properties of growth factors concerning the morphogenesis and development of nasal cartilage, which is fundamentally important for facial form and appearance. Since cartilage lacks a blood supply, it is more difficult to regenerate, as cartilage tissue obtains sustenance by diffusion. Cytokines are signalling molecules that control chondrocyte metabolism and extracellular matrix formation, which is required for cartilage development, homeostasis, and healing.

Paradoxical Reaction to Tuberculosis Therapy among HIV-Negative Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Tuberculosis treatment is sometimes associated with clinical deterioration, referred to as paradoxical reaction (PR), especially in those with HIV coinfection. However, the burden and characteristics of PR in children without HIV coinfection are unclear. We undertook a systematic review to estimate the burden and clinical characteristics of PR in HIV-negative children.