Bright Purcell-Enhanced Single Photon Emission from a Silicon G Center.

Silicon G centers show significant promise as single photon sources in a scalable silicon platform. But these color centers have large nonradiative decay and a low Debye-Waller factor, limiting their usability in quantum applications. In this work, we demonstrate bright Purcell-enhanced emission from a silicon G center by coupling it to a nanophotonic cavity.

Designing a NNO-manganese complex overcoming steric constraints in (de)hydrogenative coupling.

Herein, we have developed a NNO-manganese complex featuring a relatively low-congestion metal-ligand cooperative environment, one enabling the alkylation of bulky α-branched ketones with bulky alcohols. We demonstrated that while the efficiency of the catalyst in the dehydrogenation or transfer hydrogenation step is essential, chelation assistance is equally crucial for suppressing retro-aldol reactions, thereby ensuring the success of the process.

Innovating Challenges and Experiences in Emory Health AI Bias Datathon: Experience Report.

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the Emory Health AI (Artificial Intelligence) Bias Datathon held in August 2023, providing insights into the experiences gained during the event. The datathon, focusing on health-related issues, attracted diverse participants, including professionals, researchers, and students from various backgrounds. The paper discusses the preparation, organization, and execution of the datathon, detailing the registration process, team formulation, dataset creation, and logistical aspects.

DICOM LUT is a Key Step in Medical Image Preprocessing Towards AI Generalizability.

Image pre-processing has significant impact on performance of deep learning models in medicine; yet, there is no standardized method for DICOM pre-processing. In this study, we investigate the impact of two commonly used image preprocessing techniques, histogram equalization (HE) and values-of-interest look-up-table (VOI-LUT) transformations on the performance deep learning classifiers for chest X-rays (CXR). We generated two baseline datasets (raw pixel and standard DICOM processed) from our internal CXR dataset and then enhanced both with HE to create four distinct datasets.

Dual Charge-Transfer Emission in Chalcone-Based Donor-π-Acceptor System and the Modulation of Down-Conversion of Triplet Exciton with the Polarity of the Medium.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) has recently emerged as a promising process with significant potential to advance organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) for display applications. The donor-acceptor system is a well-known molecular arrangement exhibiting TADF properties. However, our investigation into the chalcone-based donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) system (SKG1) reveals that the en-one bridging unit in chalcone plays a crucial role in the reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) process and may be responsible for the existence of two conformational isomers.

The Safety Profile of Inclisiran in Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Inclisiran is a novel drug that employs ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference to lower the levels of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) protein. It has demonstrated a significant reduction in LDL cholesterol levels compared to a placebo. We aim to comprehensively evaluate the safety of using Inclisiran in patients with dyslipidemia and ASCVD or an ASCVD risk equivalent.

Optimization of a micro-scale air-liquid-interface model of human proximal airway epithelium for moderate throughput drug screening for SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Many respiratory viruses attack the airway epithelium and cause a wide spectrum of diseases for which we have limited therapies. To date, a few primary human stem cell-based models of the proximal airway have been reported for drug discovery but scaling them up to a higher throughput platform remains a significant challenge. As a result, most of the drug screening assays for respiratory viruses are performed on commercial cell line-based 2D cultures that provide limited translational ability.

Inguinal hernia mesh infections: Chronic challenges, atypical pathogens and lessons in sterilisation.

Chronic mesh infections after inguinal hernia repair present significant clinical challenges due to biofilm-mediated resistance, involvement of multidrug-resistant and atypical pathogens, and gaps in preventive strategies. Our case series of four patients highlights critical research gaps, including the overlooked role of atypical pathogens such as , diagnostic challenges in detecting slow-growing or resistant organisms and perioperative sterilisation lapses, especially inconsistent Glutaraldehyde use during late-day operations. Many patients suffered with persistent sinuses and recurrent hernias months after surgery.

Side-On Bound Beryllium Dinitrogen Complex: A Precursor for Complete Conversion of Dinitrogen to Ammonia Mediated by -Heterocyclic Carbene.

The complete conversion of dinitrogen to ammonia mediated by a side-on N-bound carbene-beryllium complex, [NHC-Be(η-N)] has been studied considering both the symmetric and unsymmetric pathways. -heterocyclic carbenes complexed with Be(η-N) moieties were considered substrates in our study. We found that two mechanistic pathways were possible for the reduction of dinitrogen to form ammonia.

Patterns of platelet use evaluated in EHR networks of the Biologics Effectiveness and Safety Initiative, 2012-2018.

Background: U.S. FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) Biologics Effectiveness and Safety (BEST) Initiative leverages large electronic health records and administrative claims data to conduct active surveillance for CBER-regulated products.

Gut Pathogen Colonization: A Risk Factor to Bloodstream Infections in Preterm Neonates Admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Gut pathogen colonization, where pathogens disrupt the normal gut microbiota, has been implicated in the development of bloodstream infections (BSIs). This study investigates the association between gut pathogen colonization and BSI, hypothesizing that species causing BSI primarily originated from gut.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India, from January 2021 to September 2023.

What is Sphenomorphus maculatus (Blyth, 1854 "1853") (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae)? Validating cryptic diversity and the designation of a neotype.

The Spotted Litter Skink, Sphenomorphus maculatus, initially described by Edward Blyth in 1854, lacks a taxonomic reference point, as the holotype was reported lost by 1868. A preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed indications of cryptic diversity within S. maculatus across its range in Northeast India.

Diversity of Neurotransmitter-Producing Human Skin Commensals.

Recent findings indicate that human microbiota can excrete trace amines, dopamine, and serotonin. These neurotransmitters (NTs) can either affect classical neurotransmitter signaling or directly trigger trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), with still unclear consequences for host physiology. Compared to gut microbiota, less information is available on the role of skin microbiota in NT production.

Dual State Emissive AIE Active Carbon Dots with Matrix-Free Room Temperature Phosphorescence.

Long-lived triplet excitons are kingmakers to generate high efficiency optoelectronic OLEDs. However, it is difficult to produce matrix-free solid state emissive room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from carbon dots (CDs). In the present work, limited rotation of the two naphthol rings in (R)-1,1-Bi-2-naphthol (R-Binol) has been used to synthesize CDs aimed to obtain emission in the aggregated and RTP states.

Universal Design Futures: Theoretical Insights and Paradigms from a Majority World.

This paper intends to position the key theoretical understanding of universal design from a global lens to the contemporary times, especially with insights from India as a majority world perspective. Using a narrative-based approach, it combines theoretical insights with experiential insights through state-of-the-art literature and understanding. A seven-lens framework is proposed as a comprehensive approach towards UD viz.

Inclusive Public Toilets: A Universal Design Enquiry for Indian Context.

Public toilets fulfil an essential need for all human beings. In the context of India, the diversity of population implies a diverse set of complex barriers in the public toilet experience. Inclusion and the contextual translation of universal design becomes crucial, considering the distinct socio-cultural dimensions.

Assessment of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program for Enhancing Clinical Knowledge in Neonatal Care Settings With High Antimicrobial Resistance.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem, which is particularly challenging in developing countries like India. This study attempts to determine the competencies of health care professionals and to update evidence-based policies to address AMR.

Method: A survey-based educational interventional study was conducted using a validated structured survey and knowledge questionnaire under 3 domains through an antimicrobial stewardship program.

Extracting dynamical maps of non-Markovian open quantum systems.

The most general description of quantum evolution up to a time τ is a completely positive tracing preserving map known as a dynamical mapΛ̂(τ). Here, we consider Λ̂(τ) arising from suddenly coupling a system to one or more thermal baths with a strength that is neither weak nor strong. Given no clear separation of characteristic system/bath time scales, Λ̂(τ) is generically expected to be non-Markovian; however, we do assume the ensuing dynamics has a unique steady state, implying the baths possess a finite memory time τm.

Efficacy of Endovascular Glue Embolization in Treating Ruptured Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysms: A Single Center Experience.

Purpose: Intracranial mycotic aneurysms (IMAs), rare and often life-threatening, result from arterial wall infections typically caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. The standard treatment for ruptured aneurysms is not well-defined and often individualized. This study investigates the efficacy of endovascular glue embolization in managing ruptured IMAs, based on our center's experience.

Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalogram in Premature Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective:  The study aimed to interpret and establish patterns of amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) in stable preterm neonates and compare the aEEG among different gestational age groups using three standard classifications.

Methods:  This prospective cohort study included stable preterm neonates between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation. aEEG was recorded in the first and second week of life and interpreted using the L.

Gram-Negative Colonization and Bacterial Translocation Drive Neonatal Sepsis in the Indian Setting.

Background: The gut microbiota, comprising billions of microorganisms, plays a pivotal role in health and disease. This study aims to investigate the effect of sepsis on gut microbiome of neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out in the NICU of tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India, from January 2021 to September 2023.