Ecdysone signaling underlies the pea aphid transgenerational wing polyphenism.

The wing polyphenism of pea aphids is a compelling laboratory model with which to study the molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic plasticity. In this polyphenism, environmental stressors such as high aphid density cause asexual, viviparous adult female aphids to alter the developmental fate of their embryos from wingless to winged morphs. This polyphenism is transgenerational, in that the pea aphid mother experiences the environmental signals, but it is her offspring that are affected.

Does Alkaline Colonic pH Predispose to Clostridium difficile Infection?

Objectives: Clostridium difficile caused nearly 500,000 infections and was associated with approximately 29,000 deaths in 2011, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. C. difficile is a bacterium that causes diarrhea and, often, severe illness in healthcare facilities, as well as the community.

Arteriovenous malformations of the uterus.

Uterine arteriovenous malformations are rare lesions with a considerable risk potential. Clinical presentation varies from no signs over various degree of menorrhagia to massive life-threatening vaginal bleeding. Clinical suspicion is essential for a prompt diagnosis and treatment.