Profile of haemostasis and coagulation in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermal chemotherapy.

Background: One-third of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) present alterations in conventional coagulation test results. However, perioperative coagulation has not been systematically investigated in these patients. This study aimed to investigate hemostatic changes in such patients.

Performance of a Non-Invasive System for Monitoring Blood Glucose Levels Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technology ().

Background: The need for frequent blood glucose (BG) monitoring and the inconveniences associated with self-monitoring of BG (SMBG) have driven the development of non-invasive approaches.

Methods: This prospective study aimed to investigate the accuracy of glucose level calculation using the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology system. People with Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and normal glucose metabolism were included.

Genetic profile in patients with complicated acute aortic syndrome: the GEN-AOR study.

Introduction And Objectives: Genetic testing is becoming increasingly important for diagnosis and personalized treatments in aortopathies. Here, we aimed to genetically diagnose a group of acute aortic syndrome (AAS) patients consecutively admitted to an intensive care unit and to explore the clinical usefulness of AAS-associated variants during treatment decision-making and family traceability.

Methods: We applied targeted next-generation sequencing, covering 42 aortic diseases genes in AAS patients with no signs consistent with syndromic conditions.

Optical imaging spectroscopy for rapid, primary screening of SARS-CoV-2: a proof of concept.

Effective testing is essential to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission. Here we report a-proof-of-concept study on hyperspectral image analysis in the visible and near-infrared range for primary screening at the point-of-care of SARS-CoV-2. We apply spectral feature descriptors, partial least square-discriminant analysis, and artificial intelligence to extract information from optical diffuse reflectance measurements from 5 µL fluid samples at pixel, droplet, and patient levels.

Hyperspectral image processing for the identification and quantification of lentiviral particles in fluid samples.

Optical spectroscopic techniques have been commonly used to detect the presence of biofilm-forming pathogens (bacteria and fungi) in the agro-food industry. Recently, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy revealed that it is also possible to detect the presence of viruses in animal and vegetal tissues. Here we report a platform based on visible and NIR (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging for non-contact, reagent free detection and quantification of laboratory-engineered viral particles in fluid samples (liquid droplets and dry residue) using both partial least square-discriminant analysis and artificial feed-forward neural networks.

The intensive care unit in the postoperative period of major abdominal surgery.

Despite low mortality in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, the number of high-risk patients is increasing and has become a health problem. At present, surgery is understood as a continuous process, in which numerous guidelines added to less invasive techniques offering a lesser physiological impact upon patients with serious comorbidities are responsible for the final outcome. The prevention, identification and early treatment of complications prove as important as the preoperative or surgical technique.

Prognostic and diagnostic value of eosinopenia, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and circulating cell-free DNA in critically ill patients admitted with suspicion of sepsis.

Introduction: The aims of this study were to assess the reliability of circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) concentrations, compared with C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and eosinophil count, in the diagnosis of infections in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and their prognostic values in a cohort of critically ill patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in a medical-surgical intensive care unit of a university hospital. Eosinophil count and concentrations of cf-DNA, CRP, and PCT were measured in patients who fulfilled SIRS criteria at admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and a second determination 24 hours later.

Efficacy of the prothrombin complex concentrate prothromplex in patients requiring urgent reversal of vitamin K antagonists or presenting with uncontrolled bleeding: a retrospective, single center study.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of a four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (Prothromplex, PTX) in shortening prolonged international normalized ratio or controlling life-threatening bleeding. The study was a retrospective single-centre study that included 142 patients treated with PTX and allocated in three groups: patients on vitamin K antagonists (VKA) (acenocumarol) and undergoing invasive procedure or presenting with severe bleeding (n = 76), patients treated with VKA presenting with intracranial haemorrhage (n = 22), and patients not on VKA and presenting with uncontrolled bleeding (n = 44). The primary outcome variable was international normalized ratio (INR) return to the norm after PTX infusion.

Red blood cell transfusion in non-bleeding critically ill patients with moderate anemia: is there a benefit?

Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) at reversing the deleterious effects of moderate anemia in critically ill, non-bleeding patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective, pair-matched (ratio 1:1) cohort study. Non-bleeding critically ill patients with moderate anemia (nadir hemoglobin level between 70 and 95 g/l), admitted to the ICU over a 27-month period, were included.

[Treatment alternatives in massive hemorrhage].

Massive hemorrhage is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in trauma patients, and is one of the most important causes in any patient following major surgery. Conventional treatment consists of volume replacement, including the transfusion of blood products, so that tissue perfusion and oxygenation may be maintained. Associated hypothermia, acidosis and coagulopathy is a lethal triad.

Impact of age of transfused blood on cerebral oxygenation in male patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Objective: Prolonged erythrocyte storage time might reduce the efficacy of transfusion. In this study, the effects of transfusion of erythrocytes with four different storage periods (<10 days, n = 18; 10-14 days, n = 15; 15-19 days, n = 17; and >19 days, n = 16 patients) on brain tissue oxygen tension (PtiO2) in stable male patients with severe traumatic brain injury were investigated during a 24-hr follow-up period.

Design: Prospective, observational study.

[Toxic megacolon and jejunal perforation due to cytomegalovirus].

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a frequent disease in immunocompromised patients and can affect the gastrointestinal tract in 50% of patients, giving rise to colitis due to CMV. However, a perforated jejunum is not frequent. We present the case of an immunocompromised patient who was diagnosed with colitis due to CMV infection after bowel perforation.