Practice Locations of Michigan Ophthalmologists as a Model to Compare Practice Patterns of DO and MD Surgical Subspecialists.

Context: While existing data demonstrate that osteopathic physicians (ie, DOs) in primary care are more likely than allopathic physicians (ie, MDs) to practice in rural areas, no data exist on practice patterns of DO surgical subspecialists, such as ophthalmologists. Michigan has a relatively high number of DOs and, formerly, the most osteopathic ophthalmology residency programs in the United States. Analyzing the distribution of ophthalmologists in Michigan may reveal patterns and predict trends about the geographic distribution of DO surgical subspecialists across the country.

Isolated cranio-orbitofacial neurofibroma mimicking vascular malformation.

Isolated neurofibromas in the absence of systemic neurofibromatosis are known as solitary or localized neurofibromas. When present in the orbit, these lesions may appear clinically and radiographically similar to other tumors, complicating diagnosis and management. Key radiographic signs may guide clinicians to the correct diagnosis when the presentation and patient demographic data obfuscate the disease entity.

Dyslipidemia and its Association with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review of the literature examining the association between meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dyslipidemia.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using the Medline database. A total of four studies directly relevant to our search are reviewed here.

Factors associated with multiple recurrences of nonspecific orbital inflammation aka orbital pseudotumor.

Objective: To assess clinical characteristics of patients at risk for recurrent nonspecific orbital inflammation (NSOI).

Methods: This was a retrospective comparison study with a 24-month follow-up, in a clinic-based population in rural India. The medical records at two eye care centers were searched from March 2001-2014.

Isolated Neurofibroma of the Orbit: Case Report and Literature Review.

Purpose: To summarize the clinical, radiographic, and intraoperative characteristics of isolated neurofibromas of the orbit (INFO) in the literature and report a case of INFO.

Methods: Case report and a systematic review of the literature.

Results: A total of 45 patients were identified from 18 previous studies.

Critical flicker fusion frequency in demyelinating and ischemic optic neuropathies.

Purpose: Critical flicker fusion (CFF) frequency is a well-studied test for evaluating demyelinating optic neuritis (ON). Its use in evaluating other optic neuropathies is not well established. The purpose of this study was to compare CFF in ON and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Association of Intraocular Pressure With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Purpose: Prior studies have shown an association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and reduced intraocular pressures (IOP). The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) had any difference in their IOP compared with patients without HIV or with HIV who are not on HAART.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Optical coherence tomography findings of bilateral foveal leukemic infiltration.

We report a case of a 59-year-old man with a history of atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia who presented with a several-week history of decreased vision in both eyes. His clinical examination revealed bilateral foveal infiltration, which was also demonstrated on optical coherence tomography. After a failed induction with imatinib (Gleevec(®)), he was treated with omacetaxine (Synribo(®)) with an appropriate hematologic response.

Depression and burden among the caregivers of visually impaired patients: a systematic review.

Caregiving has evolved as an important issue not only for those receiving care, but for those providing it as well. While caregiving allows those with disabilities to better adapt, it has been shown to take a toll on the caregiver on various levels, such as invoking depression and burden. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature pertaining to depression and burden among caregivers of patients with visual impairment.

Burden and Depression among Caregivers of Visually Impaired Patients in a Canadian Population.

Purpose/Background. This study reports the degree of burden and the proportion at risk for depression among individuals who provide care to visually impaired patients. Study Design.

Burden and Depression in Caregivers of Blind Patients in New York State.

Purpose: To describe the degree of burden of care and the proportion at risk of depression among individuals caring for legally blind patients.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 486 individuals providing care to their family members who were legally blind. Best-corrected visual acuity of the better-seeing eye in patients determined group placement: Group 1, 20/200-10/200; group 2, 10/200 to light perception (LP); group 3, no light perception (NLP); group VF, visual field loss to <20 central degrees.

Dyslipidemia and its association with meibomian gland dysfunction.

Abnormal serum lipid levels significantly increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, abnormal compositions of cholesterol in glandular secretions have been hypothesized as an etiology for meibomian gland dysfunction, yet this relationship has not been well studied in clinical settings. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if there is an association between dyslipidemia and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Prevalence and factors predictive of intraocular fungal infection in patients with fungemia at an academic urban tertiary care center.

Objective: To report the prevalence and to identify factors predictive of intraocular infection in patients with fungemia receiving prophylactic antifungal therapy.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients who received prophylactic antifungal therapy and a dilated fundus examination at an academic urban tertiary care center from 2000 to 2007. Basic demographic information, fungal species grown, antifungal agent(s) used, number of positive blood culture specimens, visual acuity, visual symptoms, and known risks of disseminated candidiasis were noted.

Nosocomial keratitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: case report and preventative measures.

A 47-year-old African-American woman was admitted to the intensive care unit of our community hospital for respiratory failure secondary to severe decompensated heart failure, requiring intubation. In the ensuing days, she developed a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection of the cornea, despite no growth of MRSA in multiple blood, sputum, and urine cultures. This unexpected corneal infection complicated her hospital stay, and increased morbidity and disease-related cost.

The first cataract surgeons in Anglo-America.

We tried to identify the earliest cataract surgeons in the English-speaking areas of America. In 1751, couching was performed on the Caribbean island of Montserrat by John Morphy. William Stork of England, who couched cataracts, practiced in Jamaica in 1760 and then in cities from Annapolis to Boston between 1761 and 1764.

Pseudo third cranial nerve palsy secondary to orbital ectopic lacrimal gland cyst: management with functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

An otherwise healthy 13-month-old girl was noted by her pediatrician to have developed a left head turn. The patient was referred to a pediatric ophthalmologist, who noticed signs of incomplete third cranial nerve palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of an abnormal lesion in the inferonasal orbit that was abutting the ethmoid sinus.

A rare cause of submandibular swelling in a 12-year-old child: pleomorphic adenoma.

Pleomorphic adenoma is rare in pediatric populations, where viral and congenital problems are the usual culprits responsible for submandibular masses. We report the case of a 12-year-old child who presented with a painless right submandibular mass that had developed over the course of 4 months. The patient denied fever, erythema, and edema.

Irido-lenticular abscess as the initial sign of Candida albicans endogenous endophthalmitis.

A-33-year-old man presented with 9 days of conjunctival erythema, pain, and worsening vision in the left eye. Anterior segment examination was significant for a well-defined, cream-colored iridociliary mass. Ultrasound biomicroscopy demonstrated an iris lesion with ciliary body and lenticular involvement.

Burden and depression in the caregivers of blind patients in India.

Purpose: Several studies have examined the rates of depression in caregivers of patients with debilitating neurologic diseases. This study describes the degree of burden and the prevalence of depression among individuals caring for legally blind patients. To the best of our knowledge, no prior studies in the ophthalmic literature have reported this relationship.

Effects of pictograms in educating 3 distinct low-literacy populations on the use of postoperative cataract medication.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of pictograms in educating low-literacy patients in order to improve adherence to postoperative cataract regimens.

Design: Multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

Participants: A group of 225 patients from across India, all below a 10th-grade education level, were divided into 3 groups of 75 patients.

Basal cell cystadenoma of the lacrimal gland: diagnostic pitfalls of a basaloid pattern in lacrimal tumours.

An 85-year-old male experienced a painless swelling along the left lateral orbit for one year. A computed tomography scan demonstrated a cystic mass in the orbit adjacent to the lacrimal gland. There was a concern for malignancy considering the large size and the patient's age, so the tumour was excised.

Mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary presenting as unilateral lower extremity edema.

Introduction: Mucinous cystadenomas of the ovary are known for their potential to grow to massive proportions and are often incidentally diagnosed. They are typically benign tumors accounting for 15% of ovarian neoplasms and up to 80% of all mucinous tumors.

Case Report: We report a 50-year-old, morbidly obese female admitted with left lower extremity edema who was incidentally found to have a massive, benign, mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary.