Investigation of the gastric digestion behavior of commercial infant formulae using an dynamic infant digestion model.

The gastric digestion behavior of different commercial Stage 1 infant formulae (for 0-6 months) with different formulation backgrounds was investigated using an dynamic infant human gastric simulator (iHGS). The microstructural arrangements of the protein and lipid, colloidal stability and protein hydrolysis during digestion were elucidated. During gastric digestion, casein-dominant formulations showed a higher extent of aggregation due to their high proportion of casein micelles that underwent coagulation upon acidification and via the action of pepsin.

The prospective associations of fetal growth-related pregnancy complications with subsequent breastfeeding duration and markers of human milk production.

Background: The development of the breast for lactation occurs throughout pregnancy. It is unknown whether pregnancy complications resulting in poor fetal growth can affect breastfeeding (BF) success.

Objectives: We examined whether fetal growth-related pregnancy complications were associated with earlier BF cessation and changes in the concentrations of human milk biomarkers of low milk production.

Orbital inflammatory disease as a presenting feature of suspected Lyme neuroborreliosis: case report.

Orbital inflammatory disease (OID) is an inflammatory condition of the orbital and periorbital region. This case reports suspected Lyme neuroborreliosis underlying an initial presentation of OID in a 37-year-old male. Myositis was confirmed by computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Wet and dry spell induced changes in the soil CO effluxes of Pine and Oak ecosystems of Central Himalaya: a comparative assessment for monsoon and winter seasons.

Soil efflux of CO ( ) is known to be dependent on natural drying and rewetting of the soil. Although the central Indian Himalayan region is predominantly occupied with two ecosystems, i. e.

Oil-loaded Ethanolic Vesicular Gel for Imiquimod-induced Plaque Psoriasis: Physicochemical Characterization, Rheological Studies, and Efficacy.

Background: The therapeutic effect of NS oil in mild to moderate psoriasis is limited owing to low play load of thymoquinone (<15 %w/w), irritation, dripping, low viscosity and thus, less contact time on the lesions.

Aims: This study aimed at developing and characterizing the ethanolic vesicular hydrogel system of Nigella sativa (NS) oil (NS EV hydrogel) for the enhancement of anti-psoriatic activity.

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop NS EV hydrogel and evaluate its anti-psoriatic activity.

Direct Microbial Identification using An Automated Microbial Identification System to Facilitate the EUCAST RAST Method Without Mass Spectrometry.

Gram-negative (GN) sepsis is a medical emergency where management in resource-limited settings relies on conventional microbiological culture techniques providing results in 3-4 days. Recognizing this delay in turnaround time (TAT), both EUCAST and CLSI have developed protocols for determining AST results directly from positively flagged automated blood culture bottles (+aBCs). EUCAST rapid AST (RAST) protocol was first introduced in 2018, where zone diameter breakpoints for four common etiological agents of GN sepsis, i.

Changes in antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from community-associated urinary tract infection before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Purpose: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is largely studied in healthcare settings. There is a need to understand the fluctuations in AMR during pandemic at the community level. With urinary tract infection (UTI) being one of the most common infections in the community, the AMR profile of community-acquired UTI (CA-UTI) is considered representative AMR at the community level.

Photovoltaic-wind-battery and diesel generator-based hybrid energy system for residential buildings in smart city Coimbatore.

The building consumes almost 40% of the energy generated in the building. Investigating the photovoltaic system, wind, battery, and diesel generators for residential buildings can reduce energy utilization. In this work, various energy sources are combined to form hybrid energy sources, which are designed based on the load of the residential building.

Mapping of QTLs and meta-QTLs for Heterodera avenae Woll. resistance in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Background: In hexaploid wheat, quantitative trait loci (QTL) and meta-QTL (MQTL) analyses were conducted to identify genomic regions controlling resistance to cereal cyst nematode (CCN), Heterodera avenae. A mapping population comprising 149 RILs derived from the cross HUW 468 × C 306 was used for composite interval mapping (CIM) and inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM).

Results: Eight main effect QTLs on three chromosomes (1B, 2A and 3A) were identified using two repeat experiments.

Impact of Vision Impairment and Ocular Morbidity and Their Treatment on Quality of Life in Children: A Systematic Review.

Topic: This review summarizes existing evidence of the impact of vision impairment and ocular morbidity and their treatment on children's quality of life (QoL).

Clinical Relevance: Myopia and strabismus are associated with reduced QoL among children. Surgical treatment of strabismus significantly improves affected children's QoL.

Essential oil and nanocarrier-based formulations approaches for vaginal candidiasis.

An exclusive site for local drug delivery is the vagina, especially for vaginal infections. The fungus causes vaginal infection known as vulvovaginal candidiasis, a highly prevalent and recurrent gynaecological disease among women. Vaginal candidiasis affects over 75% of women at a certain point in their life and has a recurrence rate of 40-50%.

Phytochemistry and biological activity of Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers.

Erigeron annuus L. is a flowering herb of North America, Europe, Asia and Russia. This plant is used as folk medicine in China for the cure of indigestion, enteritis, epidemic hepatitis, haematuria and diabetes.

Delineation of agricultural fields in arid regions from Worldview-2 datasets based on image textural properties.

Barren lands are being transformed into agricultural fields with the growing demand for agriculture-based products. Hence, monitoring these regions for better planning and management is crucial. Surveying with high-resolution RS (remote sensing) satellites like Worldview-2 provides a faster and cheaper solution than conventional surveys.

Identification of genomic regions associated with cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) resistance in spring and winter wheat.

Cereal cyst nematode (CCN) is a major threat to cereal crop production globally including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In the present study, single-locus and multi-locus models of Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) were used to find marker trait associations (MTAs) against CCN (Heterodera avenae) in wheat.

GWAS scans of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) resistance in Indian wheat germplasm.

Significant yield losses in major cereal-growing regions around the world have been linked to cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp.). Identifying and deploying natural sources of resistance is of utmost importance due to increasing concerns associated with chemical methods over the years.

Fish oil supplementation during pregnancy and postpartum in mothers with overweight and obesity to improve body composition and metabolic health during infancy: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Maternal obesity during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of obesity and metabolic disease in the offspring. Supplementation with fish oil (FO), which is insulin sensitizing, during pregnancy in mothers with overweight or obesity may prevent the development of greater adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in their children.

Objectives: To determine the effects of FO supplementation throughout the second half of pregnancy and lactation in mothers with overweight or obesity on infant body composition and metabolism.

Antibiotic resistance of uropathogens among the community-dwelling pregnant and nonpregnant female: a step towards antibiotic stewardship.

Background: Indiscriminate and widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in emergence of many antibiotic-resistant organisms. Antibiotic administration during pregnancy is mostly avoided, unless there is compelling medical condition. We hypothesized that the uropathogens isolated from pregnant women would be more susceptible to antibiotics compared to those isolated from nonpregnant women, thus will be helpful in formulating separate empiric guideline for pregnant women based on the resistance pattern.

Reactive species variation in cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet discharge under the influence of intrinsic parameters and its effect on E. coli inactivation.

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (CAPJ) has piqued the interest of researchers for various antimicrobial applications such as disinfection, wound decontamination, etc. In the current context, a deeper understanding of the correlation between CAPJ's intrinsic parameters, discharge characteristics, species composition, and antimicrobial activity is required for any successful application. This research evaluated the effect of intrinsic operational parameters such as voltage, frequency, gas flow rate, and operating gas on the reactive species composition of an in-house-developed CAPJ discharge along with the antimicrobial activity.

Virulence gene mutations as a differentiator of clinical phenotypes: insights from community-acquired uropathogenic .

Uropathogenic (UPEC) remains an important cause of urinary tract infection during pregnancy. Multiple molecular virulence determinants and antibiotic resistant genes facilitate its pathogenesis and virulence phenotype. Hence it is hypothesized that there will be considerable variation in genes among the isolates from symptomatic as well as asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) during pregnancy.

Prevalence and resistance pattern of uropathogens from community settings of different regions: an experience from India.

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in clinical practice worldwide in both healthcare and community settings causing significant morbidity and mortality. It is one of the major conditions at the community level treated empirically and regarded as a potential cause of emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Limited information is available regarding community-acquired UTI (CA-UTI) from India.