Transmission rates in consecutive pregnancies exposed to single-dose nevirapine in Soweto, South Africa and Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

Background: Large numbers of women receive single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV; over time, an increasing proportion will return to prevention of MTCT programs for a second pregnancy. Because sdNVP selects resistance in a high percentage of women, we compared the effectiveness of sdNVP in preventing peripartum MTCT in successive pregnancies.

Methods: Prospective cohorts were recruited from MTCT programs in South Africa and Côte d'Ivoire.