Usefulness of ultrasound in confirming the correct placement of Ryle's tube compared to the traditional method of auscultation in normal versus overweight and obese patients.

Background And Aims: Auscultation to verify Ryle's tube position is difficult in obese patients. We compared the usefulness of ultrasonography (USG) versus auscultation in confirming the correct Ryle's tube placement in normal versus overweight or obese patients, time taken for confirmation, and incidence of reinsertion.

Material And Methods: A prospective, observational study was carried out on 80 patients.

Safety and ease of awake fiberoptic intubation with use of oxygen insufflation versus suction to clear secretions during procedure.

Background And Aims: During awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI), clearing secretions is usually done by suctioning. The study objectives were to assess the safety of AFOI with the use of oxygen insufflation versus suction to clear secretions from the field of vision during the procedure as assessed by incidence of desaturation <95%, ease of intubation, and time taken to secure the airway.

Material And Methods: This prospective randomized study was conducted in 40 adult patients with difficult airways requiring AFOI.

Comparison of Hemoglobin Values Obtained by Arterial Blood Gas Analysis versus Laboratory Method during Major Head-and-Neck Surgeries.

Background: Accuracy of hemoglobin (Hb) measured by arterial blood gas (ABG) analyzer is considered inferior to laboratory (lab) measurements as it could overestimate Hb levels.

Aim Of The Study: The study aims to compare Hb measured using ABG versus conventional lab method at the time of major blood loss and in the preoperative and immediate postoperative periods.

Settings And Design: It was a prospective, nonrandomized observational study conducted in a tertiary care center.

Ease and Safety of Securing Airway by Railroading ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway over Bougie versus Traditional Digital Insertion Technique.

Background: ProSeal insertion is usually more time-consuming with lower first-attempt success.

Aim Of The Study: We aimed to compare the incidence of successful placement of ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) in the first attempt by railroading it over soft gum-elastic bougie introduced into esophagus versus traditional digital insertion technique. Time taken and ease of securing airway, associated hemodynamic responses, and trauma were also assessed.

Efficacy of Baska mask as an alternative airway device to endotracheal tube in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under controlled ventilation.

Background And Aims: Newer supraglottic devices with an additional gastric channel offer greater protection from aspiration and avoidance of laryngoscopy for their insertion would result in attenuated hemodynamic responses.The primary objective was to assess hemodynamic responses to insertion of Baska mask as compared to tracheal intubation. The time and attempts taken to secure airway and evidence of regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents were also assessed.

Comparison of Hemodynamic Changes to Nasal Application of Lignocaine Jelly versus Lubricant Gel and Responses to Ryle's Tube Insertion Following Their Use in Patients Under General Anesthesia.

Background: Awake patients complain of burning sensation following nasal application of lignocaine jelly.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to assess hemodynamic changes, ease of insertion, number of attempts taken, and time required for insertion of Ryle's tube following nasal application of 2% lignocaine jelly versus lubricant gel in patients undergoing surgeries under general anesthesia.

Settings And Design: This was a prospective, randomized, open-label study conducted in a tertiary care institute.

Is intraoperative supplementation of dextrose essential for infants undergoing facial cleft surgeries?

Background And Aims: Dextrose is commonly added to the intraoperative maintenance fluids of pediatric patients. The primary objective was to evaluate the effect of addition of 1% dextrose to Ringer's lactate (RL) on blood glucose levels in infants undergoing facial cleft surgeries.

Material And Methods: This prospective, randomized, single blinded study was conducted in forty infants undergoing either cheiloplasty or palatoplasty.

Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine versus Propofol Infusion as an Adjunct to Transtracheal Block in Ensuring Patient Immobility During General Anesthesia without the Use of Muscle Relaxants.

Background: In surgeries where nerve stimulation study is required intraoperatively, the use of long-acting muscle relaxants should be avoided.

Aim Of Study: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus propofol infusion as an adjunct to transtracheal block to ensure patient immobility during general anesthesia without the use of muscle relaxants and to compare hemodynamics in both the groups.

Settings And Design: It was a prospective randomized controlled trial done at a tertiary care center.

Comparison of Intraoperative Glycemic Levels in Infants with the Use of Ringer Lactate with Supplemental 1% versus 2% Dextrose as Maintenance Fluid.

Context: There is no consensus regarding the concentration of dextrose supplementation to be used in pediatric patients intraoperatively.

Aims: The primary objective was to assess the effect of using Ringer lactate (RL) with 1% versus 2% dextrose as maintenance fluid in infants on intraoperative blood glucose levels. The secondary objectives included assessment of incidence of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in both groups.

Incidence and Severity of Postoperative Pharyngolaryngeal Complications following Use of Baska Mask versus Endotracheal Intubation.

Background: Use of Baska Mask, since a supraglottic airway device, could result in low incidence of postoperative pharyngolaryngeal complications.

Aims: The objectives were to compare the effect of Baska Mask versus endotracheal intubation on the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat (POST), postoperative hoarseness of voice (POHV), and postoperative cough (POC).

Settings And Design: This prospective randomized study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching institute in 120 patients undergoing short laparoscopic surgeries.

Safety of Inhalational Anesthesia in Patients with Multiple Drug Allergies Presenting for Major Surgeries under General Anesthesia.

The prevalence of perioperative anaphylaxis is 1 in 1250-20,000 anesthetics. Inhalational anesthesia is considered safe in patients with multiple drug allergies, as there have been no reports of anaphylaxis to volatile inhalational agents. Anesthetic management of six patients with documented allergy to all commonly used anesthetic drugs who underwent major surgeries under general anesthesia is described as a case series.

Ease of intubation and hemodynamic responses to nasotracheal intubation using C-MAC videolaryngoscope with D blade: A comparison with use of traditional Macintosh laryngoscope.

Background And Aims: Nasal intubation with traditional Macintosh laryngoscope usually needs the use of Magill's forceps or external laryngeal manipulation. The primary objective of this study was to assess the ease of intubation during C-MAC videolaryngoscope-assisted nasal intubation using D blade and to compare it with traditional Macintosh laryngoscope-aided nasal intubation. The secondary objectives were comparison of intubation time, attempts, trauma, and hemodynamic stress responses.

Efficacy of vaptans for correction of postoperative hyponatremia: A comparison between single intravenous bolus conivaptan vs oral tolvaptan.

Background And Aims: Hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte abnormality encountered in postoperative patients especially in the elderly. We aimed to assess the efficacy of single-dose intravenous conivaptan vs. oral tolvaptan therapy for correction of hyponatremia in postoperative patients.

Effect of Using Ringer's Lactate, with and without Addition of Dextrose, on Intra-Operative Blood Sugar Levels in Infants Undergoing Facial Cleft Surgeries.

Background: Addition of glucose in the intraoperative fluid is a routine practice in infants. Under general anesthesia, due to neuroendocrine stress response, this could result in overt hyperglycemia.

Aims: The aim of this study was to find whether the addition of 2% dextrose to Ringer's lactate (RL) caused hyperglycemia compared to no addition of dextrose to RL.

Effectiveness of transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange versus traditional preoxygenation followed by apnoeic oxygenation in delaying desaturation during apnoea: A preliminary study.

Background And Aims: Transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) during apnoea has shown to delay desaturation. The primary objective was to compare time to desaturate to <90% during apnoea with THRIVE versus traditional preoxygenation followed by apnoeic oxygenation.

Methods: This prospective, randomised, single-blinded study was conducted in 10 adult patients presenting for direct laryngoscopy under general anaesthesia without endotracheal intubation.

Comparison of Arterial Oxygenation and Acid-Base Balance with the use of Transnasal Humidified Rapid-insufflation Ventilatory Exchange versus Tidal Volume Breathing with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Preoxygenation and Apneic Ventilation.

Background: Preoxygenation and apneic ventilation prolong apnea time without desaturation.

Aims: The primary objective of this study is to compare arterial oxygenation during the periods of apnea following preoxygenation and apneic ventilation with tidal volume breathing for 3 min with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) versus with transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE).

Settings And Designs: This prospective randomized study was conducted in 20 adult patients at a tertiary care institution.

Effects of Preoxygenation with Tidal Volume Breathing Followed by Apneic Oxygenation with and without Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Duration of Safe Apnea Time and Arterial Blood Gases.

Background: Application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) helps to recruit collapsed areas of the lung, which improves the oxygen reserve.

Aim Of The Study: To compare the time to desaturate to 90% during apnea following preoxygenation and apneic ventilation with tidal volume breathing for 3 min with and without the application of CPAP.

Settings And Design: This prospective randomized study was conducted in a tertiary care institution.

Ease of Intubation with C-MAC Videolaryngoscope: Use of 60° Angled Styletted Endotracheal Tube versus Intubation over Bougie.

Background: Although videolaryngoscopes improve glottic visualization, their actual usefulness in intubation is not yet established.

Aims: The primary objective was to compare the ease of oral intubation with the use of 60° angled styletted endotracheal tube versus that performed over bougie inserted under videolaryngoscopic guidance. The secondary objectives were assessment of incidence of airway loss, hemodynamic changes, and time and number of attempts at intubation.

Does Restrictive Fluid Strategy during Robotic Pelvic Surgeries Obtund Intraoperative Rise in Intraocular Pressure?

Background: Robotic pelvic surgeries require steep Trendelenburg position which may result in rise in intraocular pressure (IOP).

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the changes that occur in IOP during robotic pelvic surgeries in steep Trendelenburg position with a restrictive intravenous fluid administration.

Settings And Design: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care institution.

Effect of C-MAC Video Laryngoscope-aided intubations Using D-Blade on Incidence and Severity of Postoperative Sore Throat.

Background: Video laryngoscope-aided intubations require less force to align oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal planes to visualize the glottis opening during intubation.

Aim: The primary objective of the study was to assess the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat (POST) in patients who were intubated with C-MAC video laryngoscope using D-blade versus traditional Macintosh laryngoscope.

Settings And Design: This prospective, randomized, open label study was conducted in a tertiary care institution.

Hemodynamic Responses and Safety of Sedation Following Premedication with Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl during Fiberoptic-assisted Intubation in Patients with Predicted Difficult Airway.

Background: Awake fiberoptic intubation (AFOI) is the gold standard for the management of predicted difficult airway, and inappropriate sedation is a major cause leading to its failure.

Aims: The primary objective was to compare the heart rate (HR) changes that accompany AFOI following sedation with dexmedetomidine and fentanyl. Secondary objectives included comparison of changes in blood pressure, patient comfort, ease of intubation, and degree of sedation.

Effect of lactate versus acetate-based intravenous fluids on acid-base balance in patients undergoing free flap reconstructive surgeries.

Background And Aims: Use of lactated intravenous fluids during long surgeries could cause lactate accumulation and lactic acidosis. Acetate-based solutions could be advantageous as they are devoid of lactate. The primary aim of the study was to assess the effect of use of an acetated solution or Ringer's lactate (RL) as intraoperative fluid on lactate levels in patients without hepatic dysfunction undergoing prolonged surgeries.

Effect of inhaled budesonide suspension, administered using a metered dose inhaler, on post-operative sore throat, hoarseness of voice and cough.

Background And Aims: Post-operative sore throat (POST) is often considered an inevitable consequence of tracheal intubation. This study was performed to compare the effect of inhaled budesonide suspension, administered using a metered dose inhaler, on the incidence and severity of POST.

Methods: In this prospective randomised study, 46 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries lasting <2 h were randomly allotted into two equal groups.