Women Physicians and Nurses in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: Commonalities and Disparities by Profession.

Women physicians and nurses are health professionals with significant differences in their role, but they share common social and occupational stressors. This study compares the outcomes of female physicians and nurses in treatment in a highly specialized program for health professionals with substance use disorders. This was a 9-year, survival, observational, cohort study, conducted with data from medical e-records of female nurses (n = 58) and physicians (n = 50) in treatment for addictions.

Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors in Geriatric Hip Fracture Patients Predictive of Surgical Intensive Care Unit Admission.

Introduction: Although numerous risk factors and prediction models affecting morbidity and mortality in geriatric hip fracture patients have been previously identified, there are scant published data on predictors for perioperative Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) admission in this patient population. Determining if a patient will need an SICU admission would not only allow for the appropriate allocation of resources and personnel but also permit targeted clinical management of these patients with the goal of improving morbidity and mortality outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify specific risk factors predictive of SICU admission in a population of geriatric hip fracture patients.

Association between low eosinophil count and acute bacterial infection, a prospective study in hospitalized older adults.

Background: The incidence of sepsis increases significantly with age, including a high incidence of bacterial infection in the old adults. Eosinopenia and the CIBLE score have been proposed in critically ill adults and in internal medicine wards. This study aimed to assess whether a low eosinophil count was associated with acute bacterial infection among hospitalized older adults, and to find the most efficient eosinophil count cut-off to differentiate acute bacterial infection from other inflammatory states.

Sources of Disparities in Surveillance Mammography Performance and Risk-Guided Recommendations for Supplemental Breast Imaging: A Simulation Study.

Background: Surveillance mammography is recommended for all women with a history of breast cancer. Risk-guided surveillance incorporating advanced imaging modalities based on individual risk of a second cancer could improve cancer detection. However, personalized surveillance may also amplify disparities.

Magnetic actuation of otoliths allows behavioral and brain-wide neuronal exploration of vestibulo-motor processing in larval zebrafish.

The vestibular system in the inner ear plays a central role in sensorimotor control by informing the brain about the orientation and acceleration of the head. However, most experiments in neurophysiology are performed using head-fixed configurations, depriving animals of vestibular inputs. To overcome this limitation, we decorated the utricular otolith of the vestibular system in larval zebrafish with paramagnetic nanoparticles.

Persistence of Neutralizing Antibodies and Clinical Protection up to 12 Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in the Elderly.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has severely affected the elderly, who are expected to display decreased immune responses due to immunosenescence.

Methods: This study retrospectively assesses neutralizing antibody (NAb) production up to 12 months after infection in long-term care patients. We used Roche Diagnostics immunoassay to quantify anti-spike (S) antibodies and a competitive immunoassay from YHLO as a surrogate test for NAb.

Association between prescribed opioid dose and risk of motor vehicle crashes.

Opioid-involved motor vehicle traffic fatalities have increased over the past 2 decades. However, the extent to which prescribed opioids increase the risk of motor vehicle crashes remains uncertain. This study used real-world healthcare claims data to examine the association between prescription opioid dose and motor vehicle crash risk.

Examining Supervised Machine Learning Methods for Integer Link Weight Prediction Using Node Metadata.

With the goal of understanding if the information contained in node metadata can help in the task of link weight prediction, we investigate herein whether incorporating it as a similarity feature (referred to as ) between end nodes of a link improves the prediction accuracy of common supervised machine learning methods. In contrast with previous works, instead of normalizing the link weights, we treat them as count variables representing the number of interactions between end nodes, as this is a natural representation for many datasets in the literature. In this preliminary study, we find no significant evidence that metadata similarity improved the prediction accuracy of the four empirical datasets studied.

Identifying and Characterizing Medical Advice-Seekers on a Social Media Forum for Buprenorphine Use.

Background: Online communities such as Reddit can provide social support for those recovering from opioid use disorder. However, it is unclear whether and how advice-seekers differ from other users. Our research addresses this gap by identifying key characteristics of r/suboxone users that predict advice-seeking behavior.

Rapid changes in illegally manufactured fentanyl products and prices in the United States.

Background And Aims: Synthetic opioids, mostly illegally manufactured fentanyl (IMF), were mentioned in 60% of United States (US) drug overdose deaths in 2020, with dramatic variation across states that mirrors variation in IMF supply. However, little is known about IMF markets in the United States and how they are changing. Researchers have previously used data from undercover cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine purchases and seizures to examine how their use and related harms respond to changes in price and availability.

Assessing Health and Wellness Outcomes of Medicaid-Enrolled Infants Born to Adolescent Mothers.

Objective: To assess the effect of adolescent birth on the health and wellness of these infants within their first year of life.

Methods: Our study focused on 2011 Medicaid births nationwide. The study group (infants born to adolescents, aged 10 to 19 at time of birth) was matched with infants born to adults (aged 20 to 44 at time of birth), based on demographics.

Leveraging TCGA gene expression data to build predictive models for cancer drug response.

Background: Machine learning has been utilized to predict cancer drug response from multi-omics data generated from sensitivities of cancer cell lines to different therapeutic compounds. Here, we build machine learning models using gene expression data from patients' primary tumor tissues to predict whether a patient will respond positively or negatively to two chemotherapeutics: 5-Fluorouracil and Gemcitabine.

Results: We focused on 5-Fluorouracil and Gemcitabine because based on our exclusion criteria, they provide the largest numbers of patients within TCGA.

Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities as a marker of multiple system atrophy in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.

Study Objectives: Patients with isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (IRBD) develop Parkinson disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), or multiple system atrophy (MSA). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is abnormal in MSA showing abnormalities in the putamen, cerebellum, and brainstem. Our objective was to evaluate the usefulness of MRI to detect MRI abnormalities in IRBD and predict development of MSA and not PD and DLB.

Integral Treatment Programme for Addicted Physicians: Results from The Galatea Care Programme for Sick Physicians.

Introduction: Addictions among physicians are a matter of public health interest because of their negative impact on the physician's well-being and the potential risk of malpractice. Physicians' Health Programmes (PHP) have been developed in several countries to address this issue. Although they share some similarities, they differ in organisational and clinical aspects.

Interactive whiteboard use in clinical reasoning sessions to teach diagnostic test ordering and interpretation to undergraduate medical students.

Background: Over-testing of patients is a significant problem in clinical medicine that can be tackled by education. Clinical reasoning learning (CRL) is a potentially relevant method for teaching test ordering and interpretation. The feasibility might be improved by using an interactive whiteboard (IWB) during the CRL sessions to enhance student perceptions and behaviours around diagnostic tests.

Medicaid Claims for Contraception Among Women With Medical Conditions After Release of the US Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use.

Introduction: The US Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (MEC) identified 20 medical conditions that increase a woman's risk for adverse outcomes in pregnancy. MEC recommends that women with these conditions use long-acting, highly effective contraceptive methods. The objective of our study was to examine provision of contraception to women enrolled in Medicaid who had 1 or more of these 20 medical conditions METHODS: We used Medicaid Analytic Extract claims data to study Medicaid-enrolled women who were of reproductive age in the 2-year period before MEC's release (2008 and 2009) (N = 442,424) and the 2-year period after its release (2011 and 2012) (N = 533,619) for 14 states.

Traditional Versus Suspended Push-up Muscle Activation in Athletes and Sedentary Women.

Syed-Abdul, MM, Soni, DS, Miller, WM, Johnson, RJ, Barnes, JT, Pujol, TJ, and Wagganer, JD. Traditional versus suspended push-up muscle activation in athletes and sedentary women. J Strength Cond Res 32(7): 1816-1820, 2018-Many strength training programs incorporate push-up exercises, which primarily activate upper-body muscles.