Hybrid closed-loop systems can help patients with extreme fear of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.

Fear of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia can lead to inappropriate diabetes self-management and untoward health outcomes. We report two patients, representative of these opposite conditions, who benefited from hybrid closed-loop technology. In the patient with fear of hypoglycemia, time in range improved from 26 to 56% and the patient did not present with severe hypoglycemia.

Effects of Physical Activity Interventions in the Elderly with Anxiety, Depression, and Low Social Support: A Clinical Multicentre Randomised Trial.

The percentage of older people is increasing worldwide. Loneliness and anxious−depressive states are emerging health conditions in this population group, and these conditions give rise to higher morbidity and mortality. Physical activity (PA) and social relationships have been linked to physical and mental health.

Usefulness of the Measurement of Serum Paraoxonase-1 Arylesterase Activity in the Diagnoses of COVID-19.

The development of inexpensive, fast, and reliable screening tests for COVID-19 is, as yet, an unmet need. The present study was aimed at evaluating the usefulness of serum arylesterase activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) measurement as a screening test in patients with different severity levels of COVID-19 infection. We included 615 COVID-19-positive patients who were classified as asymptomatic, mildly symptomatic, severely symptomatic, or fatally symptomatic.

Clinical performance of the Elecsys® anti-SARS-CoV-2 combined in an algorithm with two specific anti-IgG immunoassays for the evaluation of the serological response of patients with COVID-19 in a population with a high prevalence of infection.

Background: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have been used in the study of the immune response in infected patients. However, differences in sensitivity and specificity have been reported, depending on the method of analysis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of an algorithm in which a high-throughput automated assay for total antibodies was used for screening and two semi-automated IgG-specific methods were used to confirm the results, and also to correlate the analytical results with the clinical data and the time elapsed since infection.

Accuracy of Flash Glucose Monitoring in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus on Hemodialysis and Its Relationship with Hydration Status.

Background: The use of flash-glucose monitoring system FreeStyle Libre (FSL) has demonstrated benefits in metabolic control and quality of life in different populations with diabetes mellitus (DM), being funded in many countries. Due to this, DM subjects on hemodialysis (HD) are using FSL despite the accuracy in this population being unclear. The aims of the present study are to assess the accuracy of FSL in DM subjects on HD, its relationship to hydration status, and patient satisfaction.

Dissemination of NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli high-risk clones in Catalan healthcare institutions.

Objectives: To characterize the clonal spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates between different healthcare institutions in Catalonia, Spain.

Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by disc diffusion. MICs were determined by gradient diffusion or broth microdilution.

Inadequate Weight Gain According to the Institute of Medicine 2009 Guidelines in Women with Gestational Diabetes: Frequency, Clinical Predictors, and the Association with Pregnancy Outcomes.

Background: In the care of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), more attention is put on glycemic control than in factors such as gestational weight gain (GWG). We aimed to evaluate the rate of inadequate GWG in women with GDM, its clinical predictors and the association with pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Cohort retrospective analysis.

A Case of in an Immunocompromised Patient with Diarrhea.

According to recent literature, 95.4% of the strains associated with human clinical cases correspond to four species: , , and However, other less prevalent species such as are also described from clinical samples. Based on its low incidence, the latter species can be regarded as rare and it is the only species susceptible to ampicillin.

Polyphasic identification of three new species in Alternaria section Infectoriae causing human cutaneous infection.

Background: Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis is an emerging disease in immunocompromised patients, being Alternaria one of the most common genera reported as a causative agent. Species identification is not carried out mainly due to the complexity of the genus. Analysis of the ITS barcode has become standard for fungal identification, but in Alternaria it is only able to discriminate among species-groups or sections.

Antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence potential and sequence types associated with Arcobacter strains recovered from human faeces.

Purpose: The genus Arcobacter includes bacteria that are considered emergent pathogens because they can produce infections in humans and animals. The most common symptoms are bloody and non-bloody persistent diarrhea but cases with abdominal cramps without diarrhea or asymptomatic cases have also been described as well as cases with bacteremia. The objective was to characterize Arcobacter clinical strains isolated from the faeces of patients from three Spanish hospitals.

Fungal Olecranon Bursitis in an Immunocompetent Patient by Knoxdaviesia dimorphospora sp. nov.: Case Report and Review.

Bursitis is a common medical condition that can occur either with or without infection. We present a case of fungal olecranon bursitis in an immunocompetent individual caused by the new species Knoxdaviesia dimorphospora. It is a dematiaceous filamentous fungus characterized by the production of two different conidia: hyaline and cylindrical, which rise up from phialidic conidiogenous cells located in the upper part of differentiated and unbranched conidiophores, and pale brown and ellipsoidal conidia produced by phialidic conidiogenous cells which are born directly on hyphae.

and isolated from human faeces, from oyster and isolated from lake water represent novel species.

Four strains from clinical and environmental samples differed from known species on the basis of gene sequence. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization confirmed them as four new species even though their 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with their closest relatives was >98.7%, as occurred for other spp.

Preliminary study on serum paraoxonase-1 status and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 in hospitalized elderly patients with catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria.

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common among elderly patients in residential care facilities, as well as in the hospital setting. Identifying new biochemical markers of UTI is an active line of research since UTI management is resource intensive. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) forms part of the patient's immune system, the response-to-injury and inflammation.

In women with gestational diabetes mellitus factors influencing growth have a larger effect on placental weight than on birth weight.

Background And Aims: Excessive fetal and placental growth are very common in diabetic pregnancy. We aimed to analyze in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) the association with birth weight (BW), placental weight (PW) and placental-to-birth weight (PWBW) ratio of acknowledged BW predictors.

Material And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort database from a tertiary hospital.

Expert Study: Utility of an Automated Bolus Advisor System in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Treated with Multiple Daily Injections of Insulin-A Crossover Study.

Objective: This study was designed to assess the impact of the use of an automated bolus advisor (ABA) on glycemic control, quality of life, and satisfaction in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with multiple daily injections of insulin.

Materials And Methods: A crossover, prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter study of 36 weeks duration was conducted. Patients were randomized to start in either control phase (CP) using a traditional blood glucose meter to calculate insulin doses (Accu-Chek(®) Aviva Nano; Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN) or intervention phase (IP) using an ABA meter (Accu-Chek Aviva Expert; Roche Diagnostics) and switched to the other phase after a washout period.

A preliminary study of paraoxonase-1 in infected patients with an indwelling central venous catheter.

Objectives: Identification of biochemical markers to diagnose bloodstream infections in patients with a central venous catheter (CVC) inserted is an active research pursuit. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an enzyme participating in the innate immune system protecting against toxic substances and infectious agents. We investigated the relationships between serum PON1 alterations and the characteristics of infection in a group of patients with a CVC implant.

Gestational diabetes mellitus in women with multiple pregnancies: is the metabolic abnormality milder?

Objective: We aimed to compare maternal characteristics and dysglycemia after delivery in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) according to pregnancy being multiple (MP) or singleton (SP). The hypothesis was that women with GDM and MP would have a milder glycemic abnormality before and after pregnancy than those with SP.

Methods: We performed a cohort study of 2908 women giving birth between 1986 and 2009.

A severe case of persistent diarrhoea associated with Arcobacter cryaerophilus but attributed to Campylobacter sp. and a review of the clinical incidence of Arcobacter spp.

Although rarely, Arcobacter spp. have been associated with diarrhoea and bacteraemia. We report a persistent case in a healthy 26-year-old Spanish male of bloody diarrhoea, which was attributed to Campylobacter but in fact was caused by Arcobacter cryaerophilus, as determined by sequencing of the rpoB gene.

Paraoxonases as potential antibiofilm agents: their relationship with quorum-sensing signals in Gram-negative bacteria.

The property of many bacteria to form biofilms constitutes a major health problem. Bacteria living in biofilms have a very high resistance to antibiotics. Biofilms may develop at a certain locations with the participation of secreted molecules, termed quorum-sensing signals, when a sufficient density of bacterial growth occurs.