Virtual Reality-Based Intervention to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in Adults Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Preoperative anxiety is common among adult patients undergoing elective surgery and is associated with negative outcomes. Virtual reality (VR)-based interventions have been considered simpler, safer, and more effective for reducing anxiety in patients undergoing surgery than conventional care.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of a VR-based intervention with preoperative education in reducing preoperative anxiety among adult patients undergoing elective surgery.