Novel intranasal phage-CaEDTA-ceftazidime/avibactam triple combination therapy demonstrates remarkable efficacy in treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection.

Given the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, alternative treatments are needed. Anti-pseudomonal phage therapy shows promise, but its clinical application is limited due to the development of resistance and a lack of biofilm penetration. Recently, adjuvants like CaEDTA have shown the ability to enhance the effectiveness of combined antimicrobial agents.

First detection of multidrug-resistant and toxigenic Pasteurella aerogenes in sow vaginal discharge: a novel threat to swine health in Thailand.

Pasteurella aerogenes has been implicated in reproductive disorders in sows, yet its prevalence and characteristics in vaginal discharge are not well understood. This study aimed to detect P. aerogenes in sow vaginal discharge samples and investigate its antibiotic resistance profile, toxin genes, and toxicity.

CO-Free On-Stage Incubator for Live Cell Imaging of Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Migration on Microfluidic Device.

Long-term live cell imaging requires sophisticated and fully automated commercial-stage incubators equipped with specified inverted microscopes to regulate temperature, CO content, and humidity. In this study, we present a CO-free on-stage incubator specifically designed for use across various cell culture platforms, enabling live cell imaging applications. A simple and transparent incubator was fabricated from acrylic sheets to be easily placed on the stages of most inverted microscopes.

Bacteriophages isolated from mouse feces attenuates pneumonia mice caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Background: Most of the current bacteriophages (phages) are mostly isolated from environments. However, phages isolated from feces might be more specific to the bacteria that are harmful to the host. Meanwhile, some phages from the environment might affect non-pathogenic bacteria for the host.

Evaluating lignin degradation under limited oxygen conditions by bacterial isolates from forest soil.

Lignin, a heterogeneous aromatic polymer present in plant biomass, is intertwined with cellulose and hemicellulose fibrils, posing challenges to its effective utilization due to its phenolic nature and recalcitrance to degradation. In this study, three lignin utilizing bacteria, Klebsiella sp. LEA1, Pseudomonas sp.

Proteomic profiling of circulating β-thalassaemia/haemoglobin E extra-cellular vesicles reveals that association with immunoglobulin induces membrane vesiculation.

Splenectomised β-thalassaemia/haemoglobin E (HbE) patients have increased levels of circulating microparticles or medium extra-cellular vesicles (mEVs). The splenectomised mEVs play important roles in thromboembolic complications in patients since they can induce platelet activation and endothelial cell dysfunction. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of mEV generation in thalassaemia disease has still not been reached.

Early treatment with fluvoxamine, bromhexine, cyproheptadine, and niclosamide to prevent clinical deterioration in patients with symptomatic COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Repurposed drugs with host-directed antiviral and immunomodulatory properties have shown promise in the treatment of COVID-19, but few trials have studied combinations of these agents. The aim of this trial was to assess the effectiveness of affordable, widely available, repurposed drugs used in combination for treatment of COVID-19, which may be particularly relevant to low-resource countries.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomized, outpatient, controlled trial in Thailand from October 1, 2021, to June 21, 2022, to assess whether early treatment within 48-h of symptoms onset with combinations of fluvoxamine, bromhexine, cyproheptadine, and niclosamide, given to adults with confirmed mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, can prevent 28-day clinical deterioration compared to standard care.

The immune response of pregnant sow after vaccination with crude fimbriae (F4) extracts vaccine and immunoprotection of nursery pig against pathogenic E. coli (F4ETEC).

Background: Neonatal and post-weaning diarrhea is a concern disease caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli fimbriae F4 (F4ETEC) in pig farms. Diarrhea outbreaks are often severe and costly due to the high prevalence and spread of the disease within the same herd. Vaccine is one of strategic solution in protecting pig against F4ETEC infection in particular pig farm.

Exploring indoor and outdoor dust as a potential tool for detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission.

This study investigated the potential of using SARS-CoV-2 viral concentrations in dust as an additional surveillance tool for early detection and monitoring of COVID-19 transmission. Dust samples were collected from 8 public locations in 16 districts of Bangkok, Thailand, from June to August 2021. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in dust were quantified, and their correlation with community case incidence was assessed.

Feasibility of crude F4 fimbriae extract as a vaccine candidate for preventing -induced diarrhea in piglets.

Background And Aim: Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) poses a substantial risk of neonatal diarrhea and post-weaning diarrhea among piglets, with F4 ETEC strains emerging as a particularly challenging issue within the pig farming industry. This study aimed to introduce a straightforward approach for generating a crude extract of F4 fimbriae that shows promise as an antigenic determinant for potential vaccination strategies.

Materials And Methods: A crude F4 fimbriae extract was obtained from F4 ETEC using a combination of heat shock and homogenization techniques.

Unraveling Physical Interactions of Clostridioides difficile with Phage and Phage-Derived Proteins Using In Vitro and Whole-Cell Assays.

Physical interactions between bacteria and phages provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of phage infection and may provide information on the use of phages as a therapeutic approach. In this study, we employed a combination of in vitro and whole-cell assays to examine the interactions between Clostridioides difficile and phages and phage-derived proteins. These techniques can also be adapted for studying the physical interactions between other bacterial species and their associated phages.

Ca-EDTA restores the activity of ceftazidime-avibactam or aztreonam against carbapenemase-producing infections.

Developing an effective therapy to overcome carbapenemase-positive (CPKp) is an important therapeutic challenge that must be addressed urgently. Here, we explored a Ca-EDTA combination with aztreonam or ceftazidime-avibactam and against diverse CPKp clinical isolates. The synergy testing of this study demonstrated that novel aztreonam-Ca-EDTA or ceftazidime-avibactam-Ca-EDTA combination was significantly effective in eliminating planktonic and mature biofilms , as well as eradicating CPKp infections .

Enhancement by pyrazolones of colistin efficacy against mcr-1-expressing E. coli: an in silico and in vitro investigation.

Owing to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, the polymyxin colistin has been recently revived to treat acute, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Positively charged colistin binds to negatively charged lipids and damages the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. However, the MCR-1 protein, encoded by the mobile colistin resistance (mcr) gene, is involved in bacterial colistin resistance by catalysing phosphoethanolamine (PEA) transfer onto lipid A, neutralising its negative charge, and thereby reducing its interaction with colistin.

In silico screening of chalcones and flavonoids as potential inhibitors against yellow head virus 3C-like protease.

Yellow head virus (YHV) is one of the most important pathogens in prawn cultivation. The outbreak of YHV could potentially result in collapses in aquaculture industries. Although a flurry of development has been made in searching for preventive and therapeutic approaches against YHV, there is still no effective therapy available in the market.

Pyrazolones Potentiate Colistin Activity against MCR-1-Producing Resistant Bacteria: Computational and Microbiological Study.

The polymyxin colistin is a last line antibiotic for extensively resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Colistin binding to lipid A disrupts the Gram-negative outer membrane, but mobile colistin resistance () gene family members confer resistance by catalyzing phosphoethanolamine (PEA) transfer onto lipid A, neutralizing its negative charge to reduce colistin interactions. Multiple isoforms have been identified in clinical and environmental isolates, with being the most widespread and being common in South and East Asia.

, Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency, and Generalized Pustular Psoriasis.

Background: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP; MIM 614204) is a rare and severe pustular autoinflammatory skin disease in which acute generalized erythema and scaling develop with numerous sterile pustules. GPP shares skin manifestations, especially pustular skin reaction, with adult-onset immunodeficiency (AOID) with anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies, an autoimmune disease.

Methods: Clinical examinations and whole-exome sequencing (WES) were performed on 32 patients with pustular psoriasis phenotypes and 21 patients with AOID with pustular skin reaction.

Viral Capsid Change upon Encapsulation of Double-Stranded DNA into an Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus-like Particle.

In this study, we aimed to encapsulate the sizable double-stranded DNA (dsDNA, 3.9 kbp) into a small-sized infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus-like particle (IHHNV-VLP; T = 1) and compared the changes in capsid structure between dsDNA-filled VLP and empty VLP. Based on our encapsulation protocol, IHHNV-VLP was able to load dsDNA at an efficiency of 30-40% (/) into its cavity.

Glyphosate metabolism in Tetrahymena thermophila: A shotgun proteomic analysis approach.

Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world. However, because of its overuse and resistance to degradation, high levels of glyphosate residues in the environment are reported. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of glyphosate on proteomic aspects of Tetrahymena thermophila and their uses as bioindicators of freshwater ecosystem.