Genetically modified E. Coli secreting melanin (E.melanin) activates the astrocytic PSAP-GPR37L1 pathway and mitigates the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

The characteristic neuropathology of Parkinson's disease (PD) involves the abnormal accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein (αSyn), as well as a significant decrease in neuromelanin (NM) levels within dopamine neurons (DaNs). Unlike αSyn aggregates, the relationship between NM levels and PD pathogenesis is not well understood. In this study, we engineered an E.

Personalized surgical recommendations and quantitative therapeutic insights for patients with metastatic breast cancer: Insights from deep learning.

Background: The role of surgery in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is currently controversial. Several novel statistical and deep learning (DL) methods promise to infer the suitability of surgery at the individual level.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the most applicable DL model for determining patients with MBC who could benefit from surgery and the type of surgery required.

Individualized survival prediction and surgery recommendation for patients with glioblastoma.

Background: There is a lack of individualized evidence on surgical choices for glioblastoma (GBM) patients.

Aim: This study aimed to make individualized treatment recommendations for patients with GBM and to determine the importance of demographic and tumor characteristic variables in the selection of extent of resection.

Methods: We proposed Balanced Decision Ensembles (BDE) to make survival predictions and individualized treatment recommendations.

Optimizing adjuvant treatment options for patients with glioblastoma.

Background: This study focused on minimizing the costs and toxic effects associated with unnecessary chemotherapy. We sought to optimize the adjuvant therapy strategy, choosing between radiotherapy (RT) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT), for patients based on their specific characteristics. This selection process utilized an innovative deep learning method.

Deep learning-guided adjuvant chemotherapy selection for elderly patients with breast cancer.

Purpose: The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly breast cancer patients is currently controversial. This study aims to provide personalized adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations using deep learning (DL).

Methods: Six models with various causal inference approaches were trained to make individualized chemotherapy recommendations.

Recent progress on defect-engineering in ferroelectric HfO: The next step forward multiscale structural optimization.

The discovery of unconventional scale-free ferroelectricity in HfO-based fluorite thin films has attracted great attention in recent years for their promising applications in low-power logic and nonvolatile memories. The ferroelectricity of HfO is intrinsically originated from the widely accepted ferroelectric metastable orthorhombic 2 phase. In the last decade, defect-doping/solid solution has shown excellent prospects in enhancing and stabilizing the ferroelectricity isovalent or aliovalent defect-engineering.

Reasoning and causal inference regarding surgical options for patients with low-grade gliomas using machine learning: A SEER-based study.

Background: Due to the heterogeneity of low-grade gliomas (LGGs), the lack of randomized control trials, and strong clinical evidence, the effect of the extent of resection (EOR) is currently controversial.

Aim: To determine the best choice between subtotal resection (STR) and gross-total resection (GTR) for individual patients and to identify features that are potentially relevant to treatment heterogeneity.

Methods: Patients were enrolled from the SEER database.

Unveiling the binding details and esterase-like activity effect of methyl yellow on human serum albumin: spectroscopic and simulation study.

The food sector uses methyl yellow (MY) extensively as a colorant. The primary transporter that influences MY absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion is human serum albumin (HSA). Exploring the binding process and looking at how HSA and MY work physiologically at the molecular level is therefore very important.

MOFs-alginate/polyacrylic acid/poly (ethylene imine) heparin-mimicking beads as a novel hemoadsorbent for bilirubin removal in vitro and vivo models.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have a potential application in blood purification, but their microcrystalline nature has hampered their industrial application. Here, novel MOFs-polymer beads based on UiO, sodium alginate, polyacrylic acid, and poly (ethylene imine) were prepared and applied as a whole blood hemoadsorbent for the first time. The amidation among polymers immobilized UiO66-NH into the network of the optimal product (SAP-3), and the NH of UiO66-NH significantly increased the removal rate (70 % within 5 min) of SAP-3 on bilirubin.

Analyzing and predicting the risk of death in stroke patients using machine learning.

Background: Stroke is an acute disorder and dysfunction of the focal neurological system that has long been recognized as one of the leading causes of death and severe disability in most regions globally. This study aimed to supplement and exploit multiple comorbidities, laboratory tests and demographic factors to more accurately predict death related to stroke, and furthermore, to make inferences about the heterogeneity of treatment in stroke patients to guide better treatment planning.

Methods: We extracted data from the Medical Information Mart from the Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database.

The potency of psychiatric questionnaires to distinguish major mental disorders in Chinese outpatients.

Background: Considering the huge population in China, the available mental health resources are inadequate. Thus, our study aimed to evaluate whether mental questionnaires, serving as auxiliary diagnostic tools, have efficient diagnostic ability in outpatient psychiatric services.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of Chinese psychiatric outpatients.

Astragaloside IV attenuates ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe type of stroke featuring exceptionally high rate of morbidity and mortality due to the lack of effective management. Ferroptosis can be defined as a novel iron-dependent programmed cell death in contrast to classical apoptosis and necrosis. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is an active ingredient extracted from Astragalus membranaceus with established therapeutic effect on CNS diseases.

Insulin-incubated palladium clusters promote recovery after brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a cause of disability and death worldwide, but there are currently no specific treatments for this condition. Release of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the injured brain leads to a series of pathological changes; thus, eliminating ROS could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Herein, we synthesized insulin-incubated ultrasmall palladium (Pd@insulin) clusters via green biomimetic chemistry.

ROS-Targeted Depression Therapy via BSA-Incubated Ceria Nanoclusters.

Depression is one of the most fatal mental diseases, and there is currently a lack of efficient drugs for the treatment of depression. Emerging evidence has indicated oxidative stress as a key pathological feature of depression. We targeted reactive oxygen species (ROS) and synthesized CeO@BSA nanoclusters as a novel antidepression nanodrug a convenient, green, and highly effective bovine serum albumin (BSA) incubation strategy.

Edonerpic maleate regulates glutamate receptors through CRMP2- and Arc-mediated mechanisms in response to brain trauma.

Dysfunction of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) is a key molecular mechanism of excitotoxic neuronal injury following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Edonerpic maleate is a low molecular-weight compound that was screened as a candidate neuroprotective agent. In this study, we investigated its effects on TBI and GluRs signaling.

Controlled Decompression Alleviates Brain Injury via Attenuating Oxidative Damage and Neuroinflammation in Acute Intracranial Hypertension.

Background: The benefits of controlled decompression (CDC) for patients with acute intracranial hypertension especially in terms of alleviating the complications caused by rapid decompression (RDC) have been confirmed by clinical studies. This study is aimed at evaluating the therapeutic potency of CDC with ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by investigating the potential molecular mechanism in the acute intracranial hypertension (AICH) rabbit model.

Methods: Male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly subdivided into the sham-operated (SH) group, CDC group, and RDC group.

Propofol Inhibits Microglial Activation miR-106b/Pi3k/Akt Axis.

Propofol is an established intravenous anesthetic agent with potential neuroprotective effects. In this study, we investigated the roles and the underlying mechanisms of propofol in inhibiting the pro-inflammatory responses of microglia. Propofol significantly reduced the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of , , and NF-κB pathway related genes , , , and in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated primary microglia.

Domino Annulation Reaction of Sulfur Ylides and Morita-Baylis-Hillman Carbonates of Isatins: Synthesis of Oxospiro[bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6,3'-indolin] Scaffolds.

A sequential [3 + 2]/[2 + 1] annulation domino reaction of crotonate-derived sulfur ylides and Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates of isatins for the construction of oxospiro[bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6,3'-indolin] scaffolds in moderate to good yields with almost 1:1 diastereoselectivity has been developed.

Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

We aimed to summarize reliable medical evidence by the meta-analysis of all published clinical trials that investigated the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of vaccine candidates against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and medRxiv databases were used to select the studies. 7094 articles were identified initially and 43 were retrieved for more detailed evaluation.

Subthreshold diode micropulse laser versus conventional laser photocoagulation monotherapy or combined with anti-VEGF therapy for diabetic macular edema: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Aims: To assess the effects of laser photocoagulation as monotherapy or adjuvant therapy for the treatment of DME.

Methods: A search of the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, and the clinicaltrial.gov registry for randomized clinical trials comparing any two treatments of interest (SDMLP monotherapy, CLP monotherapy, CLP plus anti-VEGF therapy) was performed.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Health Literacy: A Community-Based Study in Shanghai, China.

Health literacy is an increasingly important public health concern. However, little is known about the health literacy of general public in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of low health literacy and demographic associations in Shanghai, China.