Effect of a neurostimulator on postnatal neurogenesis in rodent olfactory bulbs.

The aim of the study was to reveal the effect of neurostimulation with the TKPRPGP neuropeptide on the expression intensity of Doublecortin and Nestin in the olfactory bulb of white Wistar rats using immunohistochemical and computer analysis methods. An isolated assessment of early progenitor differentiation by the density of nestin-positive structures showed that stimulation from birth to 14 days preserves the level of nestin expression, preventing its decrease. When the administration of the neuropeptide is stopped, the expression of nestin decreases sharply, starting from the central zones of the bulb, and after three weeks it is no longer present.

Perioperative complications of pediatric otorhinolaryngological operations.

Background: The identification of risk factors for the development of perioperative complications is one of the most important problems of pediatric anesthesiology.

Purpose: To identify risk factors for the development of perioperative complications in children undergoing ambulatory surgical interventions on ENT organs.

Methods: Total of 141 patients were examined at the age from 7 to 17 years.

[Sodium balance impairment in a child with severe traumatic brain injury].

We report a case of cerebral salt-wasting syndrome in a 12-year-old boy with severe traumatic brain injury. The child developed refractory intracranial hypertension at the time of injury, which required decompressive craniectomy on the 7th day after injury. Infusion of hypertonic sodium chloride solutions performed at the intensive care unit resulted in hypernatremia on the 5th day and polyuria and hypovolemia on the 11th day, which was regarded as manifestations of central diabetes insipidus.

EFFECT OF SOLUTIONS BASED ON TRICARBONIC ACID CYCLE SUBSTRATES ON TEMPERATURE RATES IN CHILDREN DURING ANESTHESIA.

Unlabelled: The article describes some characteristics of temperature homeostasis regulation while intraoperative period and its correction methods by infusions of balanced crystalloid solutions on the basis amino acids and the Krebs cycle substrates.

Materials And Methods: 107 children of different ages were included into the study. All of them underwent surgery on thoracic or abdominal organs.

ACETAMINOPHEN ADMINISTERING IN ORDER TO OBLITERATE HEMODYNAMICALLY SIGNIFICANT PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS IN NEONATES WITH EXTREMELY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT.

Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of the most common pathological conditions within the neonatal period Functioning of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus can cause a development ofvarious complications. This is why the earliest possible drug therapy or surgery is required in order to eliminate this fetal communication.

The Aim: to study the efficacy and safety of acetaminophen administering to infants with low birth weight for medical obliteration of hemodynamically significant ductus arteriosus.

[FEATURES OF FLUID THERAPY IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE MAJOR TRAUMA].

Background: Fluid and transfusion therapy is proved to be a required component of treating children with severe major trauma significantly influencing the case outcome.

Objective: To analyze efficiency of fluid and transfusion therapy in children with severe major trauma and assess its correspondence with current recommendations.

Materials And Methods: 150 children aged from 0 to 18 years getting treatment in intensive care units of children's city hospitals of Saint Petersburg, Archangelsk, Ufa, Samara, and Leningrad region were included in the research.

[Application of exogenous surfactant and recruitment maneuver in newborns with respiratory distress-syndrome].

Unlabelled: Respiratory distress-syndrome (RDS) in newborns is a one of the most frequent critical conditions of neonatal period requires the use of invasive methods of respiratory support.

Purpose Of The Study: To define an efficiency of complex application of exogenous surfactant and recruitment maneuver in newborns with RDS.

Materials And Methods: 30 newborns with RDS and progressive hypoxemia were included in the study.

[Severity of the lung disease index in infants with respiratory distress syndrome].

Unlabelled: Optimization of respiratory support and prevention of ventilator-associate lung injure are the most important problems of neonatal resuscitation and intensive care.

The Aim Of The Study: To improve the results of intensive care for respiratory failure in preterm infants by optimizing respiratory support on the basis of the analysis of the biomechanical characteristics of the lungs and blood gas.

Materials And Methods: The study included 138 infants with birth weight 1500g (1300-1740g) and a gestational age of 30.

[Alveolar recruitment maneuvers oxygenation effects in newborns with infant respiratory distress syndrome].

Unlabelled: Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) is a most common neonatal critical condition which is accompanied by the hypoxemia increase and needs the use of the highly invasive respiratory support methods. Alveolar recruitment maneuver is a one of the most promising and pathogenetically grounded method. The method is widely used in adults.

Breast reconstruction and treatment algorithm for patients with complications after polyacrylamide gel injections: a 10-year experience.

Background: An algorithm for breast reconstruction for patients with complications after polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) injections is presented, and the outcomes of surgery using the adopted treatment protocol are evaluated.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of consecutive patients who were treated for PAAG complications with breast reconstruction at two surgical centers between 2000 and 2010 (n=154). All patients had one or more complications from PAAG injections and underwent gel removal and breast reconstruction with implants.

[Intraoperative correction of temperature homeostasis disturbances in children].

Some features of temperature homeostasis regulation during the intraoperative period and methods of its correction with a balanced fluid therapy are described. The possibility of using infusion of antihypoxants and amino acid solutions to maintain optimum body temperature during the perioperative period is considered. The study was performed on a group of 107 children of various age, which underwent a surgery of thoracic or abdominal cavity.

[Alveolar mobilization maneuver during intensive care of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome].

The research is devoted to the assessment of the impact of the method of anesthesia on the psychoneurological status of a newborn during surgical delivery. It is revealed that subarachnoid anesthesia does not adversely affect the central nervous system of a newborn and is one of the best options for anesthetic management during surgical delivery because it provides a sufficient level of analgesia and is of a greatest safety for mother and child.

[Effect of anesthesia on neurological status of newborns in abdominal delivery during early postnatal period].

The publication is devoted to the case of the successful application of alveolus mobilization maneuver in infants with respiratory distress syndrome and demonstrates the high clinical efficacy of this method of respiratory support, not only during expressed hypoxemia, but also during hypercapnic respiratory failure.

[Role of intensive care consulting centers in reducing infantile mortality].

The paper describes the major tasks, functions, and structure of intensive care consulting centers (ICCC), gives the variables characterizing the activities of ICCC, analyzes their impact on infantile mortality rates in a large region, by using the Leningrad Region as an example, and shows it necessary to set up an ICCC in all regions of the Russian Federation.

[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in newborn infants].

The present paper outlines the basic idea on multiple organ dysfunctions in the newborn. The major clinical manifestations of multiple organ dysfunctions (MOD) have been studied and are described. The basic systems most susceptible to MOD are determined, and the critical stages of neonality when the development of MOD is extremely high are identified.

[Dynamics of changes in the concentrations of selenium in plasma, urine, and erythrocytes in children with severe brain injury].

The role of selenium in man is diverse. In particular, selenium is a cofactor of the major antioxidative enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which inhibits free radical oxidation reactions and restores the normal vital functions of cells and organs. This study deals with selenium metabolism in severe brain injury and its correction modes.

The fate of free, pedicled and free vascularized cancellous iliac bone grafts and the effect on the healing of femoral osteotomy: an experimental study.

A new model for vascularized and nonvascularized iliac bone autograft transfer to a femoral shaft osteotomy site is presented in this experimental study. As demonstrated on roentgenograms taken at 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively, callus formation between vascularized grafts and recipient sites was 1.5 to 2 times faster than in the nonvascularized graft transfer.