The Absence of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Expression on Natural Killer T Cells: Implications for the Immune-Endocrine Interaction.

The expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) has been documented on various immune cells, including B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, Natural Killer (NK) cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs). Natural Killer T (NKT) cells serve as a crucial link between innate and adaptive immunity, playing significant roles in immunological interactions and autoimmune diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of TSHR on NKT cells.

Recombinant Human Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Increases the Percentages of Natural Killer T Cells and B Lymphocytes in Human Peripheral Blood .

Multiple cellular and humoral components of the immune system play a significant role in the physiology and pathophysiology of various organs including the thyroid. On the other hand, both thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) have been shown to exert immunoregulatory activities, which are difficult to assess independently . In our study we employed a unique clinical model for the assessment of TSH biological function in humans.

Differences of the Structure of Immune Regulatory Cell Populations between Cellular Material from Sonographically Detected Focal Thyroid Lesions and Peripheral Blood in Humans.

Focal thyroid lesions are common ultrasound findings with the estimated prevalence up to 67% of the population. They form characteristically enveloped regions with individual encapsulated microenvironment that may involve the specific distribution of immune system compounds-especially antigen presenting cells (APC). We analyzed and compared the most potent APC-plasmacytoid and conventional dendritic cells (DCs) subpopulations and three monocyte subpopulations as well as other immune cells-in peripheral blood and local blood of thyroid gland obtained parallelly in patients with focal thyroid lesions using flow cytometry.

The Molecular Effect of Diagnostic Absorbed Doses from I on Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells In Vitro.

Diagnostic whole-body scan is a standard procedure in patients with thyroid cancer prior to the application of a therapeutic dose of I. Unfortunately, administration of the radioisotope in a diagnostic dose may decrease further radioiodine uptake-the phenomenon called "thyroid stunning". We estimated radiation absorbed dose-dependent changes in genetic material, in particular in the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene promoter, and the NIS protein level in a K1 cell line derived from the metastasis of a human papillary thyroid carcinoma exposed to I in culture.

The Effect of Diagnostic Absorbed Doses from 131I on Human Thyrocytes in Vitro.

Background: Administration of diagnostic activities of 131I, performed in order to detect thyroid remnants after surgery and/or thyroid cancer recurrence/metastases, may lead to reduction of iodine uptake. This phenomenon is called "thyroid stunning". We estimated radiation absorbed dose-dependent changes in genetic material, in particular in sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene promoter, and NIS protein level in human thyrocytes (HT).

Effect of L-thyroxine treatment on peripheral blood dendritic cell subpopulations in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Recent reports suggested dendritic cells (DCs) to be important players in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid processes in humans. However, there are virtually no data addressing the influence of thyroid autoaggression-associated disturbances of thyrometabolic conditions on DCs biology. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of L-thyroxine supplementation on conventional and plasmacytoid peripheral blood DCs subtypes in patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Dendritic cells in autoimmune disorders and cancer of the thyroid.

Dendritic cells (DCs), considered as one of the crucial immune regulatory populations, are implicated in the immune pathology of various disorders. Also in the thyroid gland, DCs were shown to be involved in early and chronic phases of various types of autoimmunity - including Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. In thyroid malignant processes, DCs are suggested as an important element of both tumour defence and tumour immune evasion mechanisms.