Health behaviors among cancer survivors receiving screening mammography.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cancer-related behavioral risk factors among female cancer survivors, relative to women without a previous diagnosis of cancer.

Methods: In a large cohort of 19,948 women presenting for screening mammography, questionnaires on health behaviors were administered.

Results: A total of 18,510 had detailed history on health behaviors and previous cancer history.

Pharmacokinetics of methylene blue dye for lymphatic mapping in breast cancer-implications for use in pregnancy.

Background: although blue dye is routinely used for lymphatic mapping, it is not used for lymphatic mapping in pregnancy-associated breast cancer, because of concern of fetal risk.

Methods: to investigate the safety of blue dye for lymphatic mapping in pregnant women, the pharmacokinetics of methylene blue dye were examined in 10 nonpregnant women, and the results were extrapolated to estimate maximal fetal exposure to the dye.

Results: plasma and urine measurements indicated that the dye quickly distributed from the breast injection site to the circulation, with 32% of the total dose excreted in urine within 48 hours.

Identification and Management of Women With BRCA Mutations or Hereditary Predisposition for Breast and Ovarian Cancer.

Women with a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation or a hereditary predisposition for breast and ovarian cancer have substantial risk of breast or ovarian cancer relative to the general US population. Health care professionals can be instrumental in identifying women at increased risk through obtaining a comprehensive family history and becoming familiar with family history characteristics associated with hereditary predisposition for breast and ovarian cancer. BRCA carriers and women at very high risk benefit from multidisciplinary, individualized medical evaluation and risk management.

Neuroimaging of pediatric central nervous system cytomegalovirus infection.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous virus that usually results in asymptomatic or clinically benign infection. However, there are two groups of patients whose response to CMV infection is much more severe: those who are infected during fetal development and those who are immunocompromised. Although the manifestations of these types of infection differ, both often result in substantial neurologic sequelae.

Neuroimaging in the clinical diagnosis of dementia: observations from a memory disorders clinic.

Objectives: To determine how often neuroimaging confirms, clarifies, or contradicts initial diagnoses of late-life cognitive disorders.

Design: Retrospective case review.

Setting: Outpatient clinic specializing in memory disorders.

MRI changes associated with vigabatrin treatment mimicking tumor progression.

Vigabatrin has been used as first-line treatment of infantile spasms. Reversible cerebral MRI signal changes have been reported to be associated with vigabatrin treatments. We report a case of a 5-month-old female who, following resection of an anaplastic oligodendroglioma developed, while treated with vigabatrin for seizures, abnormal DWI and FLAIR MRI signal changes worrisome for tumor progression or recurrence.

Managing aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer survivors: not just for oncologists.

The role of the general internist in the care of breast cancer survivors is increasing as the number of women living with breast cancer continues to rise. Most breast cancers occurring in women older than 50 years are estrogen receptor- and/or progesterone receptor-positive, and adjuvant endocrine therapy plays an important role in the treatment plan. Aromatase inhibitors are becoming the preferred endocrine therapy, and general internists caring for breast cancer survivors need to be familiar with their use and adverse effect profile.

Radiographic assessment of pediatric foot alignment: self-assessment module.

The educational objectives for this self-assessment module are for the participant to exercise, self-assess, and improve his or her understanding of the imaging spectrum of pediatric foot alignment issues.

Vitamin E and evening primrose oil for management of cyclical mastalgia: a randomized pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin E, evening primrose oil (EPO), and the combination of vitamin E and EPO for pain control in women with cyclical mastalgia.

Procedure: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at two U.S.

Value of massage therapy for patients in a breast clinic.

This article examines interest in massage therapy and other forms of complementary and alternative medicine among patients with breast disease. Surveys were mailed to 63 patients who had a breast abnormality or a recent diagnosis of breast cancer and received complimentary massage therapy at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN, from February to April 2005. Thirty-five patients responded (56% response rate).

Trends in mastectomy rates at the Mayo Clinic Rochester: effect of surgical year and preoperative magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: Recent changes have occurred in the presurgical planning for breast cancer, including the introduction of preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We sought to analyze the trends in mastectomy rates and the relationship to preoperative MRI and surgical year at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Patients And Methods: We identified 5,405 patients who underwent surgery between 1997 and 2006.

The role of smoking in breast cancer development: an analysis of a Mayo Clinic cohort.

The purpose of this study was to assess the predictive value of smoking history on breast cancer diagnosis in a referral clinic population. We conducted a case-control study using clinical data collected on 8,097 female patients (1,225 breast cancer cases and 6,872 controls) seen in the Mayo Clinic Breast Clinic between August 1, 1993 and November 31, 2003. Breast cancer patients and noncancer patients significantly differed with respect to age at time of the index visit (p < 0.

Infectious and inflammatory disorders.

Osteomyelitis and inflammatory arthritis affect many children. In this article, the authors describe clinical, pathophysiologic, and imaging characteristics of common (and a few not-so-common) conditions in these categories. Emphasis is placed on MR imaging characteristics, but the article discusses other imaging modalities and clinical evaluation when appropriate.

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver.

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver is the second most common benign liver tumor of childhood. Ultrasonography demonstrates a cystic lesion that may be very large. Computed tomographic scan will further establish the location and its relationship to vascular anatomy.

Reduction of Small Bowel Instussuception Caused by Jejunal Hamartomatous Polyps Documented by Intraoperative Video.

We present a case of non-Peutz Jegher hamartomatous polyps causing jejuno-jejunal intussusception and small bowel obstruction in a pediatric patient. In addition, we also provide an intraoperative video of the intussusception reduction process. Polyps causing small bowel intussusception are uncommon but not rare.

Epidermoid Cyst of the Testicle.

We describe the case of a 13-year-old boy with testicular epidermoid cyst who presented with a painless testicular mass. Epidermoid cyst of the testis is a benign, non-teratomatous tumor. It is often possible to make the diagnosis preoperatively, combining typical sonographic features with normal biochemical tumor markers.

Urine biomarkers of risk in the molecular etiology of breast cancer.

Endogenous estrogens can be bio-activated to endogenous carcinogens via formation of estrogen quinones. Estrogen-3,4-quinones react with DNA to form mutagenic depurinating estrogen-DNA adducts. The carcinogenicity of endogenous estrogens is related to unbalanced estrogen metabolism leading to excess estrogen quinones and formation of depurinating DNA adducts.

Pseudointercondylar notch sign: manifestation of osteochondritis dissecans of the trochlea.

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is an idiopathic condition affecting the articular epiphysis. Initially described in the knee, this entity affects several other parts of the body such as the talar dome, tarsal navicular, and femoral capital epiphysis. OCD of the elbow primarily involves the capitellum.