Publications by authors named "Proudfoot J"

Background: The increasing popularity and use of the internet makes it an attractive option for providing health information and treatment, including alcohol/other drug use. There is limited research examining how people identify and access information about alcohol or other drug (AOD) use online, or how they assess the usefulness of the information presented. This study examined the strategies that individuals used to identify and navigate a range of AOD websites, along with the attitudes concerning presentation and content.

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This work was performed as part of a multi-year study to determine the cause of the low fertility in captive rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) and attempt to increase the fertility through artificial insemination (AI). Semen collection and characterization was performed on 14 male rockhopper penguins. The samples were evaluated for volume, sperm concentration, and sperm quality (motility, forward motility, viability, and morphology).

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This Letter presents the first search for supersymmetry in final states containing one isolated electron or muon, jets, and missing transverse momentum from √s=7  TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The data were recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2010 and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 35  pb(-1). No excess above the standard model background expectation is observed.

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A search for diphoton events with large missing transverse energy is presented. The data were collected with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 pb⁻¹.

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Objective: To explore factors associated with the frequency of multidisciplinary Team Care Arrangements (TCAs) and the impact of TCAs on patient-assessed quality of care in Australian general practice.

Design And Setting: Data were collected as part of a cluster randomised controlled trial conducted in 60 general practices in New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and Victoria between July 2006 and June 2008. Multilevel logistic regression analysis evaluated factors associated with the frequency of TCAs recorded in the 12 months after baseline, and multilevel multivariable analysis examined the association between TCAs and patient-assessed quality of chronic illness care, adjusted for patient and practice characteristics.

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Few studies have investigated the processes associated with patients' reactions to the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, yet assisting patients to develop an acceptance of the condition is a core component of effective psychosocial interventions. This study explored the views and experiences of patients and family members about receiving a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and its implications for the future. We interviewed 17 people with bipolar disorder (7 diagnosed within the previous 12 months, 10 diagnosed 3-5 years ago), as well as 9 family members.

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By using the ATLAS detector, observations have been made of a centrality-dependent dijet asymmetry in the collisions of lead ions at the Large Hadron Collider. In a sample of lead-lead events with a per-nucleon center of mass energy of 2.76 TeV, selected with a minimum bias trigger, jets are reconstructed in fine-grained, longitudinally segmented electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters.

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A search for new heavy particles manifested as resonances in two-jet final states is presented. The data were produced in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions by the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 315  nb⁻¹ collected by the ATLAS detector. No resonances were observed.

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The field of Internet interventions is growing rapidly. New programs are continually being developed to facilitate health and mental health promotion, disease and emotional distress prevention, risk factor management, treatment, and relapse prevention. However, a clear definition of Internet interventions, guidelines for research, and evidence of effectiveness have been slower to follow.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aims to review the effectiveness of online interventions for alcohol misuse, using systematic searches of research from 1998 to present, focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that deliver interventions via the Internet.
  • Out of an initial 31 trials found, 17 met the criteria, with the majority (70.6%) involving university students and targeting at-risk drinking behaviors, utilizing brief personalized feedback as a common intervention method.
  • Effect sizes from various studies varied, averaging around 0.42, indicating a moderate impact of these online programs on reducing alcohol consumption among participants.
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Background: The benefits of self-monitoring on symptom severity, coping, and quality of life have been amply demonstrated. However, paper and pencil self-monitoring can be cumbersome and subject to biases associated with retrospective recall, while computer-based monitoring can be inconvenient in that it relies on users being at their computer at scheduled monitoring times. As a result, nonadherence in self-monitoring is common.

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Background: The science of eHealth interventions is rapidly evolving. However, despite positive outcomes, evaluations of eHealth applications have thus far failed to explain the high attrition rates that are associated with some eHealth programs. Patient adherence remains an issue, and the science of attrition is still in its infancy.

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Background: There is a growing trend for individuals to seek health information from online sources. Alcohol and other drug (AOD) use is a significant health problem worldwide, but access and use of AOD websites is poorly understood.

Objective: To investigate content and functionality preferences for AOD and other health websites.

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Objectives: Chronic diseases require a multidisciplinary approach to provide optimal patient care in general practice. In Australian general practice, this usually involves referral to an allied health provider outside the practice. This study explored the patient and practice factors associated with referral of patients with diabetes, ischaemic heart disease (IHD) or hypertension to external allied health providers (AHPs).

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Background: Mania/hypomania is the hallmark feature of bipolar disorder. This paper aims to review the current evidence in relation to factors hypothesised to precipitate bipolar mania/hypomania, and suggest areas for future research.

Methods: A selective review of original and review papers was conducted.

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Our aim was to develop a tool to identify specific features of the business and financial management of practices that facilitate better quality care for chronic illness in primary care. Domains of management were identified, resulting in the development of a structured interview tool that was administered in 97 primary care practices in Australia. Interview items were screened and subjected to factor analysis, subscales identified and the overall model fit determined.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers conducted a genome-wide association study focusing on HIV-1 controllers and progressors to understand genetic factors influencing chronic viral infections.
  • They discovered over 300 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) specifically within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), emphasizing its importance for infectious diseases.
  • Key findings indicate that specific amino acids in HLA proteins, especially HLA-B and HLA-C, significantly influence the interaction between HLA and viral peptides, affecting the control of HIV infection.
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A novel series of pyrazole sEH inhibitors is reported. Lead optimization efforts to replace the aniline core are also described. In particular, 2-pyridine, 3-pyridine and pyridazine analogs are potent sEH inhibitors with favorable CYP3A4 inhibitory and microsomal stability profiles.

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We present the results of a search for pair production of the supersymmetric partner of the top quark (the top squark t{1}) decaying to a b quark and a chargino χ{1}{±} with a subsequent χ{1}{±} decay into a neutralino χ{1}{0}, lepton ℓ, and neutrino ν. Using a data sample corresponding to 2.7  fb{-1} of integrated luminosity of pp collisions at sqrt[s]=1.

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Objective: To evaluate whether systematic asthma care involving a register-recall system, postcard prompts for review, and education for general practitioners and staff in Australian general practice improves the quality of care and health outcomes for adult patients with moderate to severe asthma.

Design And Setting: Cluster randomised controlled trial in 40 general practices in urban and rural South Australia and New South Wales over the 2 years 2004 and 2005; practices were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group.

Participants: 565 adult patients of these randomly allocated practices who had doctor-diagnosed moderate to severe asthma and were taking inhaled corticosteroids.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to validate the Patients Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) among Australian patients with chronic diseases and analyze the relationship between patient-assessed quality of care and various patient and practice characteristics.
  • A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from two health service intervention studies involving patients with chronic conditions, where questionnaires containing the PACIC were sent to participants, and factor analysis was used to interpret the data.
  • The results showed a different two-factor structure in Australia compared to the five-factor structure identified in the US and Europe, highlighting variations in patient interactions with the health system; further, total PACIC scores were linked to specific patient characteristics but not to practice characteristics or demographic factors like gender and age.
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SAR studies to improve the selectivity and metabolic stability of a class of recently discovered MMP-13 inhibitors are reported. Improved selectivity was achieved by modifying interactions with the S1' pocket. Metabolic stability was improved through reduction of inhibitor lipophilicity.

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The cross section for jets from b quarks produced with a W boson has been measured in pp collision data from 1.9 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity recorded by the CDF II detector at the Tevatron. The W+b-jets process poses a significant background in measurements of top quark production and prominent searches for the Higgs boson.

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We report on a search for the standard-model Higgs boson in pp collisions at square root(s) = 1.96 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 2.0 fb(-1).

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers conducted a search for Higgs bosons in two-Higgs-doublet models, focusing on decays to tau lepton pairs, using data from the CDF II experiment at Fermilab.
  • Despite analyzing data corresponding to 1.8 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity, no evidence for a Higgs boson signal was found in the mass distribution of events.
  • The findings help establish exclusion limits in a two-dimensional parameter space involving tanbeta (the ratio of vacuum expectation values) and m(A) (the mass of a specific pseudoscalar boson).
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