Publications by authors named "Protasoni Marina"

Article Synopsis
  • AI in dental diagnostics is evolving, particularly in cephalometric analysis, where new open-source software helps extract important measurements from limited field of view images, reducing manual input.
  • The software uses predictive algorithms to estimate missing cephalometric landmarks, testing its accuracy against actual measurements and showing promising results, although some variability remains.
  • This advancement in AI could make dental diagnostics more efficient and reduce the necessity for additional X-rays, highlighting the need for further development and integration of AI in healthcare practices.
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Electron microscopy is essential for examining materials and biological samples at microscopic levels, providing detailed insights. Achieving high-quality imaging is often challenged by the potential damage high-energy beams can cause to sensitive samples. This study compares scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate image quality, noise levels, and the ability to preserve delicate specimens.

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  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is essential for analyzing materials at the nanoscale, but accurate sample repositioning remains a challenge that affects analysis quality.
  • This study developed a LEGO®-based sample positioning system to enhance precision in identifying and aligning features during SEM sessions, showing minimal displacements and reliable results across multiple repetitions.
  • The findings indicate this LEGO-based system can improve SEM analysis repeatability and accuracy, though further design optimization and application evaluations are needed for broader use in materials science research.
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This article explores the potential risks associated with using artificial intelligence (AI)-generated images in the field of microscopy. It discusses the current state-of-the-art AI-based image-generation techniques and their limitations. It investigates the potential risks associated with the illegal use of AI-generated images, including their use in creating falsified scientific data and the consequences of such misuse.

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We investigated the interfaces of the epiphyseal plate with over- and underlying bone segments using an integrated approach of histochemistry, microtomography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to overcome the inherent limitations of sections-based techniques. Microtomography was able to provide an unobstructed, frontal view of large expanses of the two bone surfaces facing the growth plate, while SEM observation after removal of the soft matrix granted an equally unhindered access with a higher resolution. The two interfaces appeared widely dissimilar.

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In the synovial joints the transition between the soft articular cartilage and the subchondral bone is mediated by a layer of calcified cartilage of structural and mechanical characteristics closer to those of bone. This layer, buried in the depth of articular cartilage, is not directly accessible and is mostly visualized in histological sections of decalcified tissue, where it appears as a darker strip in contact with the subchondral bone. In this study conventional histology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with secondary electron imaging (SE) or backscattered electron imaging (BSE) were used to discriminate the calcified and the uncalcified cartilage in high resolution on native, untreated tissue as well as in deproteinated or demineralized tissue.

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  • The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a combined therapy to combat facial skin aging in 20 women experiencing skin laxity and photodamage.
  • Patients received mesotherapy with hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxyapatite, along with infrared treatments, with evaluations conducted at baseline and 21 and 150 days post-treatment.
  • Results showed significant improvements, including increased fibroblast levels, enhanced skin elasticity by 72%, and improved hydration by 49%, indicating that the treatment produced beneficial changes in skin health.
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Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are a source of nutrients and growth factors, which support the proliferation and growth of keratinocytes as well as promoting the induction of new hair follicles and maintenance of hair growth. The protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the promotion of angiogenesis are considered two of the basal mechanisms to preserve the growth of the hair follicle. In this study, a noncrosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) filler (HYDRO DELUXE BIO, Matex Lab S.

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(1) Background: Injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal fillers are used to restore volume, hydration and skin tone in aesthetic medicine. HA fillers differ from each other due to their cross-linking technologies, with the aim to increase mechanical and biological activities. One of the most recent and promising cross-linkers is polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE), used by the company Matex Lab S.

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Laser scalpels used in medical surgery concentrate light energy, heating the tissues. Recently, we reported thermoluminescence emission from laser-treated soft tissues. Here we investigated the thermo-optical effects caused by a laser operating at 808 nm on animal bones (beef ribs) through luminescence and fluorescence imaging, thermal imaging and scanning electron microscopy.

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The multicomponent preparations for mesotherapy are based on the principle that skin and hair aging can be prevented by supplying the fundamental substrates for correct cellular functioning, such as nucleotides, vitamins, amino acids, and biomolecules including hyaluronic acid (HA) that promote skin hydration and several biological activities. The study provides evidence for the application of HYDRO DELUXE BIO (Matex Lab S.p.

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The free surface of the articular cartilage must withstand compressive and shearing forces, maintain a low friction coefficient and allow oxygen and metabolites to reach the underlying matrix. In many ways it is critical to the physiology of the whole tissue and its disruption always involves deep pathological alterations and loss of the joint integrity. Being very difficult to image with section-based conventional techniques, it was often described by previous research in conflicting terms or entirely overlooked.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study analyzed hair removal procedures using a combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser over three clinical centers from 2017 to 2019, focusing on treatment effectiveness and skin reactions.
  • After five treatment sessions, patients showed significant improvement in hair reduction across various body areas (armpits: 83.0%, bikini line: 82.1%, legs: 82.2%, thorax: 79.6%, back: 81.6%).
  • The treatment mostly resulted in temporary skin reactions that resolved within a week, with no permanent side effects reported, highlighting the method's safety and effectiveness for skin types I-V.
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  • A multicenter study examined the effectiveness and safety of using 755 nm Alexandrite and 1064 nm ND:YAG lasers to treat various skin vascular lesions in 171 patients, mostly women aged 38 on average.
  • The types of lesions included spider angiomas, facial and leg telangiectasia, and port wine stains, requiring varying numbers of treatment sessions for significant improvement, with facial telangiectasias needing 1 to 4 sessions and port wine stains needing 6 to 9.
  • The study found that the sequential laser treatment led to marked improvement in all cases with minimal side effects, primarily low pain and temporary changes, making it a promising method for treating aesthetic issues caused by vascular lesions.
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  • * A study analyzed the blood samples of 150 Siberian miners living in cold conditions and 29 individuals in warmer environments to assess the impact of cold on adipose tissue markers and metabolic profiles.
  • * Findings revealed that the cold-exposed miners had lower body weight and BMI, but increased expression of certain BAT activity markers, along with higher circulating glucose levels compared to the control group.
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The articular cartilage has been the subject of a huge amount of research carried out with a wide array of different techniques. Most of the existing morphological and ultrastructural data on the this tissue, however, were obtained either by light microscopy or by transmission electron microscopy. Both techniques rely on thin sections and neither allows a direct, face-on visualization of the free cartilage surface (synovial surface), which is the only portion subject to frictional as well as compressive forces.

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The aim was to analyze the morphology of normal human macula densa (MD), evaluate the cells that may be responsible for its turnover, and collect quantitative data. Of four samples of normal human renal tissue, two were embedded in resin to measure the longitudinal extension and examine the ultrastructure of the MD, the other two were embedded in paraffin to study apoptosis and cell proliferation. The MD is composed of a monolayer tissue about 40 μm long, which includes 35-40 cells arranged in overlapping rows.

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In this study, the application of a recently introduced device based on electromagnetic energy transfer by microwaves for fat reduction, permitted to study specifically the modifications of thick fibrous collagen interlobular septa in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, related to the formation of large clusters of adipocytes. The use of Picrosirius red staining associated with circularly polarized microscopy gave evidence of appreciable modifications of the fibrous connective tissue forming septa. Compact fibrotic bundles of collagen I forming interlobular septa appeared reduced or dissolved, in part substituted by the increase of more diffuse and finely reticular collagen III.

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Many deleterious consequences for health of excessive fat accumulation are due to visceral fat. Browning of visceral fat is mainly cold dependent and has been proposed as a possible tool for future therapies of obesity and related disorders. In this paper, we studied the composition of mediastinal and perirenal visceral fat, collected at necropsy, of human adults that lived in Siberia, one of the coldest regions of the earth.

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Background: Recently, it has been developed a new technology for the reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue through a non-invasive treatment by microwaves. The main objective of the present study is to demonstrate the feasibility of utilising a non-invasive, localised microwaves (MW) device to induce thermal modifications into subcutaneous adipose tissue only by a controlled electromagnetic field that heats up fat preferentially. This device is provided with a special handpiece appropriately cooled, directly contacting the cutaneous surface of the body, which provides a calibrated energy transfer by microwaves.

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Objective: The purpose of this case-control study was to compare the pharmacological anamnesis collected from a group of 150 burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients with that of a control group of 150 patients matched for age and sex.

Materials And Methods: The patients' medical histories were reviewed, and data on drug therapy were collected. Drugs were classified on the basis of pharmacological effects; the classes were antihypertensives (i.

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Among biological macromolecules, collagen enjoys quite a peculiar status. Making up as much as a third of the protein fraction of the body it is the main responsible for the functional properties of the extracellular matrix, which can be efficiently tuned and tailored by modifying the length, volume fraction, and spatial layout of its collagen content. The supramolecular aggregates of collagen are therefore subject to be investigation by several viewpoints and at different scales, from the finest interactions of individual collagen molecules to the spatial layout of fibril bundles.

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Morphological analyses of cerebral vascularization are not only important for the characterization of the anatomical and physiological relationships between vascular and nervous tissue, but also required to understand structural modifications that occur in many pathological conditions affecting the brain. The aim of this study was to generate a three-dimensional vascular map of the cerebral hemispheres in the nude mouse brain, a widely used animal model for studying tumour biology. We used the corrosion casting (CC) technique to isolate blood vessels from 30 nude mouse brains.

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For many decades the fibrillar collagens have been the subject of a remarkable body of ultrastructural research. The vast majority of the studies, however, were carried out on tendon or on tendon-derived material. For many reasons this reflects an obvious choice but at the same time it also is an unfortunate circumstance, because this flooding of tendon-related data can easily encourage the false confidence that all connective tissues are similar.

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Several studies have been carried out in the last 30 years in the attempt to clarify the possible role of glutamate as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator in the gastrointestinal tract. Such effort has provided immunohistochemical, biomolecular and functional data suggesting that the entire glutamatergic neurotransmitter machinery is present in the complex circuitries of the enteric nervous system (ENS), which participates to the local coordination of gastrointestinal functions. Glutamate is also involved in the regulation of the brain-gut axis, a bi-directional connection pathway between the central nervous system (CNS) and the gut.

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