[Unification of pathomorphological examination of patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the pituitary gland. Controversial issues of the new classification].

The progressive improvement of the classification using modern analytical methods is an essential tool for the development of precise and personalized approaches to the treatment of pituitary adenomas. In recent years, endocrinologists have witnessed evolutionary changes that have occurred in the histopathological identification of pituitary neoplasms, revealing new possibilities for studying tumorigenesis and predicting biological behavior.The paper considers the historical aspects of the gradual improvement of the classification of pituitary adenomas, as well as the new international 2022 WHO classification, according to which pituitary adenomas are included in the list of neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) to reflect the biological aggressiveness of some non-metastatic pituitary adenomas.

[Organic mental disorders with comorbid alcoholism in the elderly].

Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to comorbid disorders. The age-related weakness, cognitive decline, and criticism create favorable conditions for the formation of traumatic situations and is often accompanied by an increase in alcohol consumption, which in some cases leads to the formation of mental and physical dependence. Alcohol abuse leads to exacerbation of somatic disorders, the frequency of which increases with age.

Comparison of Gross Pathology between Classical and Recombinant Lumpy Skin Disease Viruses.

The pathology caused by three different isolates of lumpy skin disease virus, classical field cluster 1.2 strain Dagestan/2015, recombinant vaccine-like cluster 2.1 strain Saratov/2017, and cluster 2.

A Recombinant Vaccine-like Strain of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Causes Low-Level Infection of Cattle through Virus-Inoculated Feed.

Since 1989, lumpy skin disease of cattle (LSD) has spread out of Africa via the Middle East northwards and eastwards into Russia, the Far East and South-East Asia. It is now threatening to become a worldwide pandemic, with Australia possibly next in its path. One of the research gaps on the disease concerns its main mode of transmission, most likely via flying insect vectors such as biting flies or mosquitoes.

[Selective screening of patients with associated somatic diseases as a method of early detection of acromegaly].

Backgraund: Backgraund: Acromegaly is a multi-organ disabling disease, the effectiveness of treatment of which directly depends on timely diagnosis. Latent course and delayed diagnosis increase the exposure of pathological hypersecretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1, contributing to the development of irreversible systemic and metabolic changes in the body that negatively affect survival.

Aims: Aims: The aim of the study was to clinically test a comprehensive diagnostic approach using selective screening to detect cases of acromegaly in patients with combined somatic diseases.

Clinical and genetic characterization of pituitary gigantism: an international collaborative study in 208 patients.

Despite being a classical growth disorder, pituitary gigantism has not been studied previously in a standardized way. We performed a retrospective, multicenter, international study to characterize a large series of pituitary gigantism patients. We included 208 patients (163 males; 78.

Lanreotide Autogel 120 mg at extended dosing intervals in patients with acromegaly biochemically controlled with octreotide LAR: the LEAD study.

Objective: To evaluate extended dosing intervals (EDIs) with lanreotide Autogel 120 mg in patients with acromegaly previously biochemically controlled with octreotide LAR 10 or 20 mg.

Design And Methods: Patients with acromegaly had received octreotide LAR 10 or 20 mg/4 weeks for ≥ 6 months and had normal IGF1 levels. Lanreotide Autogel 120 mg was administered every 6 weeks for 24 weeks (phase 1); depending on week-24 IGF1 levels, treatment was then administered every 4, 6 or 8 weeks for a further 24 weeks (phase 2).

Course and transmission characteristics of oral low-dose infection of domestic pigs and European wild boar with a Caucasian African swine fever virus isolate.

In 2007, African swine fever virus (ASFV) was introduced into the Transcaucasian countries and Russia. Since then, it has spread alarmingly and reached the European Union. ASFV strains are highly virulent and lead to almost 100% mortality under experimental conditions.

Pasireotide versus continued treatment with octreotide or lanreotide in patients with inadequately controlled acromegaly (PAOLA): a randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Many patients with acromegaly do not achieve biochemical control despite receiving high doses of the first-generation somatostatin analogues octreotide or lanreotide. In the PAOLA trial, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of two different doses of the somatostatin analogue pasireotide long-acting release compared with active control (octreotide or lanreotide) in patients with inadequately controlled acromegaly.

Methods: In a multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial, we enrolled eligible patients aged 18 years or older with acromegaly who were inadequately controlled (5-point, 2 h mean growth hormone concentration >2·5 μg/L and insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1] concentration >1·3 times the upper normal limit) and had received 30 mg octreotide long-acting repeatable or 120 mg lanreotide (Somatuline Autogel; Ipsen, UK) as monotherapy for 6 months or longer.

[Morphological characteristics of peripheral blood erythrocytes in elderly, senile, and long-living persons (according to the data of a computer study)].

The paper presents the results of a study of the morphometry of peripheral blood erythrocytes in elderly, senile, and long-living persons on an ASPEK Russian computer cell image analyzer, by applying the programs to measure the sizes of the cells and their hemoglobin count. By examining large amounts of erythrocytes, the use of a current technology provides objective characteristics of not only cell sizes, but also fundamentally new information on hemoglobin count in an individual erythrocyte and on the structure of red blood cells in terms of this indicator. The average diameter and area of a red blood cell population were ascertained to correspond to the generally accepted adult upper normal ranges manually calculated.

[Use of blue-green algae for biogas production].

Perspectives for nature protection and energy-saving, by using blue-green algae, are discussed. Utilization of their phyto biomass for biogas manufacture will lead to the environmental normalization of the Transdniestria and allow one to have about 19,000,000 m3 of methane only from the water area of only one Kremenchug water basin each vegetative period (70 days).

[Association of insulinase gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients from the Moscow population].

Association of 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of insulinase (IDE) gene with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in the Moscow population has been examined. Three polymorphic markers (rs7078413, rs7899603, and rs551266) associated with the risk of T2D development have been revealed. Allele and genotype frequency distribution for these three markers differed significantly only in the sample of females between T2D patients and control individuals, while only in case of rs7078413 SNP genotype frequencies varied significantly in the total population.

[The clinical features of acromegaly and its treatment policy according to age at the onset of disease].

The hormonal activity and the duration of an active phase of the disease are important factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of organ and system complications decreasing lifespan in patients with acromegaly. A hundred and forty patients with active acromegaly were examined to determine the age-related features of the course of the disease. According to the age by the moment of the examination, all the patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) 14 patients aged 20-39 years; 2) 72 patients aged 40-59 years; and 3) 54 patients aged 60 years or more.

[The effect of betulonic acid and its alanine amide derivatives on rat liver parenchyma repair during postcytostatic period].

The effects of betulonic acid, its p-alanine amide derivative, and p-alanine amide derivative of betulonic acid methyl ether on the histologic structure of rat liver have been studied on the model of experimental polychemotherapy in rats. These agents significantly decrease the dystrophic and cytolytic damage of hepatocytes and increase the repair processes in liver parenchyma.

Enhanced erythrocyte Na+/H+ exchange predicts diabetic nephropathy in patients with IDDM.

Diabetic nephropathy develops in a subset of patients with an apparently hereditary predisposition. Microalbuminuria and elevated arterial pressure have been proposed as predictors of nephropathy but both appear when renal damage is impending. Enhanced sodium-hydrogen exchange in the cell membranes of diabetic patients is an early marker of diabetic nephropathy but its predictive value has not been assessed.

Amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ exchange in erythrocytes of patients with NIDDM: a prospective study.

Intensive treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) decreases the rate of microvascular complications, but is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity. Enhanced permeability of plasma membranes for sodium (e.g.

[Diffusion of glucose through the erythrocyte membrane].

The change of volume of human erythrocytes due to diffusion of glucose through their membranes was investigated. The dependence of membrane glucose penetration on functional state of the cells was discovered.

[A choice of reconstructive plastic surgery with endoprosthesis of the breast after radical mastectomy].

The creation of silicone endoprosthesis led to new approaches in solving the problems of plastic replacement of the breast after radical mastectomy. Two variants of reconstructive plastic operations with endoprosthetics of the breast were employed: group one--the formation of the seat of the endoprosthesis using a transposed musculocutaneous flap from the latissimus dorsi muscle; group two--the formation of the seat of the endoprosthesis by stretching the skin with a specially designed stretcher-expander and subsequent implantation of the endoprosthesis. The first method is rather injurious, sometimes cannot be performed because of anatomical contraindications, and is fraught with the development of necroses in the transposed tissues.

[New approaches to the diagnosis of carbohydrate metabolic disorders].

A bioenergetic conception of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IIDM) is put forward. Molecular mechanisms of carbohydrate and fat metabolism are discussed which result in a vicious regulatory cycle to provoke a transition to stable pathology. Previously unknown role of human saliva in oral cavity in this regulatory cycle is revealed.

[Dynamics of the early process in the rat liver depending on the method of stopping blood and bile flow].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rats liver wound healing after liver resection and treatment by the "hemostopan", glue (MK-8) and traditional method. Each bile- and hemostatic means was marked with evolution of the morpho-functional changes at the liver wound tissue determined by the degree of the bile- and hemostatic method injure. The time healing, liver cell proliferation, 02 disorder level, ultrastructural changes have been studied.