Natural modulation of redox status throughout the ontogeny of Amazon frog Physalaemus ephippifer (Anura, Leptodactylidae).

During their development, amphibians undergo various physiological processes that may affect their susceptibility to environmental pollutants. Naturally occurring fluctuations caused by developmental events are often overlooked in ecotoxicological studies. Our aim is to investigate how biomarkers of oxidative stress are modulated at different stages of larval development in the Amazonian amphibian species, Physalaemus ephippifer.

The role of phenotypic plasticity and corticosterone in coping with pond drying conditions in yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata, Linnaeus 1758) tadpoles.

Amphibian larvae inhabiting temporary ponds often exhibit the capacity to accelerate development and undergo metamorphosis in challenging conditions like desiccation. However, not all species exhibit this ability, the yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata) is one such example. The underlying mechanisms behind the inability to accelerate development under desiccation remain largely unexplored.

REVIEW: Evidence supporting the 'preparation for oxidative stress' (POS) strategy in animals in their natural environment.

Hypometabolism is a common strategy employed by resilient species to withstand environmental stressors that would be life-threatening for other organisms. Under conditions such as hypoxia/anoxia, temperature and salinity stress, or seasonal changes (e.g.

Does the anesthetic tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) distort oxidative status parameters in tadpoles?

The effect of anesthesia/euthanasia with ethyl 3-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate (MS-222) on the oxidative status of Hyla arborea tadpoles was examined to determine whether the use of the anesthetic can confound the experimental results of the oxidative stress-based investigation. The experiment was conducted on two groups of tadpoles reared at different temperatures to produce differences in antioxidant capacity between the groups. After development at different temperatures (20 °C and 25 °C), the animals were exposed to different concentrations of MS-222 (0, 0.

Changes of oxidative status in yellowfin seabream larvae (Acanthopagrus latus) during development.

Dynamic changes of tissues, organs and growth that occur in fish larvae during the transition to the juvenile stage are accompanied by differences in metabolic, locomotor and feeding activities that can reflect on fish's oxidative status. In this study, we examine how body growth, antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxidative damage (malondialdehyde-MDA) parameters change in larvae of yellowfin seabream larvae (Acanthopagrus latus) during early development (0, 7, 15, 22 and 30 day after hatching-DAH). Body growth (length and weight) starts to intensify from 15 DAH.

Effects of cadmium chloride and biofertilizer (Bacilar) on biochemical parameters of freshwater fish, Alburnus mossulensis.

Fish in wild are often faced with various types of xenobiotics, that may display synergistic or antagonistic effects. In this study, we aim to examine how exposure to agrochemical compound (Bacilar) and cadmium (CdCl) alone and in combination affect biochemical parameters (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase; creatine phosphokinase (CKP), cholinesterase) and oxidative stress (total antioxidant capacity, catalase, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl concentrations) of freshwater fish Alburnus mossulensis. Fish were exposed to two concentrations of Bacilar (0.

Higher temperature induces oxidative stress in hybrids but not in parental species: A case study of crested newts.

Ectotherms are particularly sensitive to global warming due to their limited capacity to thermoregulate, which can impact their performance and fitness. From a physiological standpoint, higher temperatures often enhance biological processes that can induce the production of reactive oxygen species and result in a state of cellular oxidative stress. Temperature alters interspecific interactions, including species hybridization.

What coloration brings: Implications of background adaptation to oxidative stress in anurans.

Background: Urban development results in habitat destruction, affecting populations of amphibians, the most fragile group of vertebrates. With changes in the environment, these animals become more exposed to light and predators. To enhance their chances of survival, they display plasticity of body coloration.

Carry-Over Effects of Desiccation Stress on the Oxidative Status of Fasting Anuran Juveniles.

Amphibians are sensitive to deteriorating environmental conditions, especially during transition to a terrestrial environment which is full of uncertainties. Harsh conditions, such as desiccation during earlier stages, affect different larval traits with possible carry-over effects on juvenile and adult life histories. The first consequences of the effects can be seen in juveniles in the challenges to find food and the ability to survive without it in a terrestrial habitat.

Mooseer (Allium hirtifolium) boosts growth, general health status, and resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) against Streptococcus iniae infection.

In large-scale aquaculture, the fast growth rate of fish is positively influenced by feed additives such as medicinal plants. This is however; infectious disease may reduce fish growth and cause devastating economic loss. The present study investigated in vitro antibacterial efficacy of Mooseer (Allium hirtifolium) extract against Streptococcus iniae and its in vivo effects on growth, biochemical parameters, innate immunity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Can Betadine (10% povidone-iodine solution) act on the survival rate and gill tissue structure of Oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus)?

Industrial chemical solutions are widely used as a method to disinfection of aquaculture water and environments. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicity effect of Betadine (10% solution of povidone-iodine) as a disinfectant solution on the survival and gill tissue of Oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus). For these purposes, 225 fingerling Oranda goldfish with an average weight 5 ± 0.

Evaluation of Behavioral Changes and Tissue Damages in Common Carp () after Exposure to the Herbicide Glyphosate.

Pesticides can induce changes in behavior and reduce the survival chance of aquatic organisms. In this study, the toxic effects of glyphosate suspension (Glyphosate Aria 41% SL, Tehran Iran) on behavior and tissues of common carp () were assessed. For this purpose, a 96 h LC of glyphosate suspension (68.

Oxidative Stress Parameters in Goitrogen-Exposed Crested Newt Larvae ( spp.): Arrested Metamorphosis.

Thiourea is an established disruptor of thyroid hormone synthesis and is frequently used as an inhibitor of metamorphosis. The changes caused by thiourea can affect processes associated with the oxidative status of individuals (metabolic rate, the HPI axis, antioxidant system). We investigated the parameters of oxidative stress in crested newt ( spp.

Impact of desiccation pre-exposure on deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress in Bombina variegata juveniles.

Global warming represents a severe threat to existing ecosystems, especially for anuran tadpoles who encounter significant fluctuations in their habitats. Decreasing water levels in permanent and temporary water bodies is a significant risk for larval survival or fitness. On the other hand, the natural environment of amphibians is extremely polluted by various xenobiotics.

Histological effects of sublethal concentrations of insecticide Lindane on intestinal tissue of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

This study investigates acute toxicity and histological effects of Lindane insecticide on intestinal tissues of immature grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). For these purposes, 105 fish were exposed to different concentrations of Lindane for 96 h in 5 groups with 3 replications. Samples of intestinal tissues were prepared in both control and exposure groups during and after the toxicity test.

Behavior evaluation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following temperature and ammonia alterations.

In the study, we assessed how acute changes in water temperature and dissolved ammonia concentration can affect the swimming behavior pattern of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The behavior was analyzed in three different stages: 1) increase stage, (where temperature and ammonia concentration increase during this step, respectively); 2) unchanged stage, (where levels of both factors do not change during this stage); 3) reduction stage, (where ammonia concentration and temperature during this stage are reduced), respectively. The results showed that both factors significantly changed the swimming pattern of the rainbow trout.

Chemically and Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Alter Key Immunological Molecules in Common Carp () Skin Mucus.

This study was conducted to compare the effects of commercially available (C) and green synthesized (GS) Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on immunological responses of common carp () skin mucus. GS ZnO-NPs were generated using and characterized by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Fish ( = 150) were randomly allocated into five groups in triplicate and received a waterborne concentration of 0% (control), 25%, and 50% of LC50 96 h of commercially available (C1 and C2) and green synthesized ZnO-NPs (GS1 and GS2) for 21 days.

Studying microplastics: Lessons from evaluated literature on animal model organisms and experimental approaches.

Although we are witnesses of an increase in the number of studies examining the exposure/effects of microplastics (MPs) on different organisms, there are many unknowns. This review aims to: (i) analyze current studies devoted to investigating the exposure/effects of MPs on animals; (ii) provide some basic knowledge about different model organisms and experimental approaches used in studying MPs; and to (iii) convey directions for future studies. We have summarized data from 500 studies published from January 2011 to May 2020, about different aspects of model organisms (taxonomic group of organisms, type of ecosystem they inhabit, life-stage, sex, tissue and/or organ) and experimental design (laboratory/field, ingestion/bioaccumulation/effect).

Oregano () Extract Enhances Zebrafish () Growth Performance, Serum and Mucus Innate Immune Responses and Resistance against Challenge.

This study evaluated the dietary effects of an ultrasound-assisted extract of on the growth, antioxidant and immune responses (serum and mucosal) and resistance of zebrafish () against . Four hundred and forty adult zebrafish were distributed into 12 tanks and fed 4 experimental diets including 0% (control), 0.5% (M1), 1% (M2) and 2% (M3) of the extract per kg diet for eight weeks.

The effect of short-term fasting on the oxidative status of larvae of crested newt species and their hybrids.

In nature, animals often face periods without food caused by seasonal fluctuations and/or prey scarcity. An organism's physiological response to imposed energetic limitations is followed by changes in mitochondrial functioning (adjustment of energy metabolism) and a reduction of non-essential processes. However, this energy-saving strategy can have its costs.

Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom.

Although the long-term exposure of aquatic organisms to cyanobacterial blooms is a regular occurrence in the environment, the prooxidant and neurotoxic effects of such conditions are still insufficiently investigated in situ. We examined the temporal dynamics of the biochemical parameters in the liver of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs that inhabit the northern (N) side of Lake Ludaš (Serbia) with microcystins (MCs) produced in a cyanobacterial bloom over three summer months.

The Effect of Shelter on Oxidative Stress and Aggressive Behavior in Crested Newt Larvae ( spp.).

Shelters are important for animal survival. Provision of adequate hiding places allow animals to express their natural sheltering behavior and it can have different positive effects on cortisol levels, physiological processes and mental performance. Although the absence of a refuge activates some stress response, its effect on oxidative stress has not been adequately examined.

Effects of different levels of carotenoids and light sources on swordtail fish () growth, survival rate and reproductive parameters.

In this trial, the interaction between two different light resource and different levels of two pigments was investigated in order to determine their effects on growth and reproductive performance of the ornamental fish swordtail () broodstock. Fish were fed with different levels of 50, 100 and 200 mg · kg-1 of astaxanthin or canthaxanthin, under two different light conditions (natural and artificial). The obtained results were more evident in animals fed with astaxanthin in comparison to canthaxanthin.