An oral developmental toxicity study of generic pesticide pinoxaden in rabbits.

The safety assessment of pinoxaden by the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) established a NOAEL of 30 mg/kg bw/day for maternal and embryo/fetal toxicity from a rabbit developmental toxicity study. However, the Pesticide Peer Review Expert meeting (EFSA) lowered the NOAEL to 10 mg/kg bw/day due to observed diaphragm malformations in one developmental toxicity study in rabbits, proposing a classification for developmental effects as Category 2 R63 or H361d. Both JMPR and EFSA set the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) at 0.

The environmental health impacts of Russia's war on Ukraine.

Background: Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 ignited the largest armed conflict in Europe since World War II. Ukrainian government agencies, civil society organizations, and international agencies have gathered an unprecedented amount of data about the impact of war on the environment, which is often the silent victim of war. We review these data and highlight the limitations of international governance for protection of the environment during time of war.

Combined reproductive and developmental toxicity study of pesticide abamectin on male and female Wistar Hannover rats.

Abamectin is a widely used pesticide and anthelmintic for humans and animals. Previous toxicological studies showed evidence of adverse effects on reproduction, but the findings were inconclusive. Abamectin is known to exhibit teratogenic activity, causing different malformations during developmental stages in rats and rabbits.

A battery of in silico models application for pesticides exerting reproductive health effects: Assessment of performance and prioritization of mechanistic studies.

Given the high attention to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC), there is an urgent need for the development of rapid and reliable approaches for the screening of large numbers of chemicals with respect to their endocrine disruption potential. This study aimed at the assessment of the correlation between the predicted results of a battery of in silico tools and the reported observed adverse effects from in vivo reproductive toxicity studies. We used VirtualToxLab (VTL) software and the EndocrineDisruptome (ED) online tool to evaluate the binding affinities to nuclear receptors of 17 pesticides, 7 of which were classified as reprotoxic substances under Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on the classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures (CLP).

ANTIHYPOXIC ACTIVITY OF 2,6-DIMETHYLPYRIDINE-N-OXIDE.

Objective: The aim: To study the antihypoxic activity of 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide in mice using the various experimental models of acute hypoxia under orally or intraperitoneally administration.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The studies were performed on male CD-1 (SPF) mice. The antihypoxic activity of 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide was studied in three experimental models of acute hypoxia - hypercapnic hypoxia or hypoxia in a closed space, hemic hypoxia and histotoxic hypoxia at orally administration at doses 0.

EFFECT OF 2,6-DIMETHYLPYRIDINE-N-OXIDE ON THE SEVERITY OF CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS INDUCED BY DIOXIDINE IN BONE MARROW CELLS OF MICE.

Objective - to study the ability of 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide to modify the cytogenetic effects in mouse bone marrow cells caused by the pro-oxidant mutagen Dioxidine. The cytogenetic activity and mutagen-modifying effect of the plant growth regulator 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide (Ivin) were studied by the method of accounting for chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells of CD-1 mice (males) with a single joint exposure with Dioxidine. Ivin was administered single orally in the form of an aqueous solution at doses of 710, 71, and 0.

[; INFLUENCE OF N-OXIDE-2,6-DIMETHYLPYRIDINE ON THE EXPRESSION OF CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS INDUCED BY CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE IN MOUSE BONE MARROW CELL].

Objective - to study the ability of N-oxide-2,6-dimethylpyridine to modify the cytogenetic effects in mouse bone marrow cells caused by an alkylating antitumor cytostatic cyclophosphamide.; The cytogenetic activity and mutagen-modifying effect of the plant growth regulator N-oxide-2,6-dimethylpyridine (Ivin) were studied by the method of accounting for chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells of CD-1 mice (males) with a single joint exposure to cyclophosphamide. In the first variant of the research, Ivin was administered single orally in the form of an aqueous solution at doses of 710, 71, 7.

"Emerging Technologies and Medical Countermeasures to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Agents in East Ukraine".

Since 2014, Ukraine has been beset by an armed conflict with international and internal dimensions. The nature of this conflict is multidimensional, and disaster preparedness and response in this context must be as well. Health experts from Ukraine, the United States of America, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, and Norway convened for an educational event in Dnipro, East Ukraine on November 11-15, 2019.

The problem of acute pesticide poisonings of agricultural workers in ukraine under the conditions of the new business patterns.

Objective: Introduction: Due to introduction of new forms of agriculture and transformation of the treatment and preventive service in recent years, there has been a false impression of a sharp decrease in the level of occupational morbidity among agricultural workers 30 % to 25 % in the structure of general occupational morbidity in the 80-90s down to 0.2-0.4 %.

Differences in classification for skin corrosion/irritation in EU and Ukraine: Case study of alternative (in vitro and in silico) methods application for classification of pesticide active ingredient imazamox.

In Ukraine Globally Harmonized System of classification of chemicals has not been implemented yet. In this article we analyze differences between GHS/CLP classification systems and Hygienic Classification of Pesticides by the Degree of Hazard currently in force in Ukraine in respect of approach and criteria for classification of effects on skin. As a case study, we conducted in silico modelling of herbicide imazamox using skin irritation/corrosion modules of ToxTree.

Disturbances of trace element metabolism in ESRD patients receiving hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration.

Introduction: Accumulation of trace elements occurs in conditions of decreased kidney function. In some conditions, increased trace elements can have toxic features. On the other hand, studies are showing that concentration of some trace elements could be decreased in ERSD patients as well.

Investigation of in vivo toxicity of hydroxylamine sulfate and the efficiency of intoxication treatment by α-tocopherol acetate and methylene blue.

Objectives: Investigation of hydroxylamine sulfate toxicity mechanism in vivo and estimation of α-tocopherol acetate and methylene blue efficiency in poisoning treatments.

Methods: In vivo experiments were conducted on 102 Wistar Han rats. The experiments investigated the hematotoxic and oxidative stress effects of hydroxylamine sulfate in acute and subacute toxicity treatment of animals.

Hazard identification by methods of animal-based toxicology.

This paper is one of several prepared under the project "Food Safety In Europe: Risk Assessment of Chemicals in Food and Diet" (FOSIE), a European Commission Concerted Action Programme, organised by the International Life Sciences Institute, Europe (ILSI). The aim of the FOSIE project is to review the current state of the science of risk assessment of chemicals in food and diet, by consideration of the four stages of risk assessment, that is, hazard identification, hazard characterisation, exposure assessment and risk characterisation. The contribution of animal-based methods in toxicology to hazard identification of chemicals in food and diet is discussed.