Diagnosis and Management of Postoperative Complications in Rectal Cancer Surgery - A Five-Year Retrospective Study in a Single Surgical Unit.

surgery for rectal cancer often presents multiple tactical and technical challenges due to factors such as the tumor's extent, limited anatomical space, proximity to the anal sphincter complex, and the use of neoadjuvant radiotherapy. These factors can significantly increase the complexity of surgery and the risk of both immediate and delayed complications, which can occur intraoperatively or postoperatively. Objective: the aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the causes, diagnostic methods, and management of complications in patients who underwent surgery for rectal cancer.

A prognostic model for predicting functional impairment in youth mental health services.

Background: Functional impairment is a major concern among those presenting to youth mental health services and can have a profound impact on long-term outcomes. Early recognition and prevention for those at risk of functional impairment is essential to guide effective youth mental health care. Yet, identifying those at risk is challenging and impacts the appropriate allocation of indicated prevention and early intervention strategies.

Biopurification using non-growing microorganisms to improve plant protein ingredients.

Securing a sustainable global food supply for a growing population requires a shift toward a more plant-based diet. The application of plant-based proteins is therefore increasing, but unpleasant off-flavors complicate their use. Here, we screened 97 microorganisms for their potential to remove off-flavors in a process with limiting amounts of fermentable sugar.

The efficacy of lamotrigine in bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To provide up-to-date clinical guidance on the efficacy of lamotrigine in bipolar disorder (BD).

Methods: Eligible studies were identified during a systematic literature search according to PRISMA-guidelines. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that quantitatively assessed lamotrigine's efficacy in BD.

The influence of economic policies on social environments and mental health.

Despite increased advocacy and investments in mental health systems globally, there has been limited progress in reducing mental disorder prevalence. In this paper, we argue that meaningful advancements in population mental health necessitate addressing the fundamental sources of shared distress. Using a systems perspective, economic structures and policies are identified as the potential cause of causes of mental ill-health.

Navigating a stable transition to the age of intelligence: A mental wealth perspective.

In the grand narrative of technological evolution, we are transitioning from the "Age of Information" to the "Age of Intelligence." Rapid advancements in generative artificial intelligence (AI) are set to reshape society, revolutionize industries, and change the nature of work, challenging our traditional understanding of the dynamics of the economy and its relationship with human productivity and societal prosperity. As we brace for this transformative shift, promising advancements in healthcare, education, productivity, and more, there are concerns of large-scale job loss, mental health repercussions, and risks to social stability and democracy.

Dietary Intervention with Whey Protein Concentrate Does Not Affect Toll-like Receptor Responses and Gene Expression Patterns in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Healthy Volunteers.

Bovine milk contains bioactive proteins, carbohydrates, and phospholipids with immunomodulatory properties impacting human immunity, potentially contributing to resistance to infections and allergies through diverse mechanisms. One such mechanism is the enhancing of the innate immune response to secondary pathogen-related stimuli, termed innate immune training. Although studies demonstrate that milk immunoglobulin G (IgG) can train human monocytes, evidence for immune training is limited.

Developing a Decision Aid for Clinical Obesity Services in the Real World: the DACOS Nationwide Pilot Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a decision aid tool using "real-world" data within the Australian health system to predict weight loss after bariatric surgery and non-surgical care.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed patient record data (aged 16+years) from initial review between 2015 and 2020 with 6-month (n=219) and 9-/12-month (n=153) follow-ups at eight clinical obesity services. Primary outcome was percentage total weight loss (%TWL) at 6 months and 9/12 months.

Astrocytic Deletion Decreases Hedonic Feeding in Female Mice.

Endocannabinoids and exogenous cannabinoids are potent regulators of feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Stimulating cannabinoid receptor signaling enhances appetite, particularly for energy-dense palatable foods, and promotes energy storage. To elucidate the underlying cellular mechanisms, we investigate here the potential role of astrocytic endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG).

GHRL, LEP, LEPR genes polymorphism and their association with the metabolic syndrome in the Ukrainian population.

Many conflicting results have been obtained in the study of leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) gene variants that are associated with the obesity and diabetes possibly due to differences in the study populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the metabolic hormones (leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, resistin) levels in the blood of obese patients in relation to the GHRL (rs696217), LEP (rs7799039), LEPR (rs1137100, rs1137101, rs1805094) polymorphism in Ukrainian population. The study involved 53 obesity cases and 48 non-obesity subjects (controls).

Intestinal acetate and butyrate availability is associated with glucose metabolism in healthy individuals.

Animal studies suggest that short-chain fatty acids acetate and butyrate are key players in the gut-brain axis and may affect insulin sensitivity. We investigated the association of intestinal acetate and butyrate availability (measured by butyryl-coenzyme A transferase (ButCoA) gene amount) with insulin sensitivity and secretion in healthy subjects from the HELIUS cohort study from the highest 15% (N = 30) and the lowest 15% (N = 30) intestinal ButCoA gene amount. The groups did not differ in insulin sensitivity or secretion.

CLINICAL FEATURES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA, OSGOOD-SCHLATTER DISEASE AND MULTIPLE CORTICAL DISORDERS IN A CHILD.

Objective: The aim: To analyze scientific data on the problems of disorders of bone morphogenesis in children, in particular, non-ossifying fibroma. To analyze modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of this disease in the context of the latest scientific achievements.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The latest data of scientists from the world's leading clinics describing various forms of fibrous skeletal lesions in children of differ¬ent ages were analyzed.

Effect of the GHRL gene (rs696217) polymorphism on the metabolic disorders in patients with obesity in the Ukrainian population.

Over the past four decades, the prevalence of obesity has tripled and limited genetic studies with specific SNPs have been conducted, but no investigations using ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide (GHRL) gene have been reported in the Ukrainians population. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the level of metabolic hormones in the blood of obese patients in relation to the GHRL (rs696217) polymorphism. The study involved 53 obesity cases and 48 non-obesity subjects (controls).

Patterns of emergency department presentations for a youth mental health cohort: data-linkage cohort study.

Background: Primary youth mental health services in Australia have increased access to care for young people, yet the longer-term outcomes and utilisation of other health services among these populations is unclear.

Aims: To describe the emergency department presentation patterns of a help-seeking youth mental health cohort.

Method: Data linkage was performed to extract Emergency Department Data Collection registry data (i.

The temporal dependencies between social, emotional and physical health factors in young people receiving mental healthcare: a dynamic Bayesian network analysis.

Aims: The needs of young people attending mental healthcare can be complex and often span multiple domains (e.g., social, emotional and physical health factors).

Clinical outcomes and radiological assessment of vascular anatomy in patients who underwent D3 left hemicolectomy.

Background: Adequate blood supply is one of the key factors for colorectal anastomosis healing. Various variants of vascular anatomy often come as a surprise to surgeons during operations.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to carry out a comparative analysis of three-dimensional-computed tomography (3D-CT) angiography data with intraoperative data and a detailed analysis of variants of the anatomy of splenic flexure.

Early development of infant gut microbiota in relation to breastfeeding and human milk oligosaccharides.

Background: Infant gut microbiota composition is influenced by various factors early in life. Here, we investigate associations between infant gut microbiome development, infant age, breastfeeding duration, and human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) composition in breastmilk.

Methods: A total of 94 mother-infant pairs were recruited as part of the Cambridge Baby Growth and Breastfeeding Study (CBGS-BF) (Cambridge, UK).

Bi-stability and critical transitions in mental health care systems: a model-based analysis.

Background: Delayed initiation and early discontinuation of treatment due to limited availability and accessibility of services may often result in people with mild or moderate mental disorders developing more severe disorders, leading to an increase in demand for specialised care that would be expected to further restrict service availability and accessibility (due to increased waiting times, higher out-of-pocket costs, etc.).

Methods: We developed a simple system dynamics model of the interaction of specialised services capacity and disease progression to examine the impact of service availability and accessibility on the effectiveness and efficiency of mental health care systems.

CAUSES OF SUPERINFECTIONS: DEADLY BACTERIA OF TUBERCULOSIS.

Objective: The aim: To improve early diagnosis of drug-resistant superbacteria and interrupt the ways of its formation through molecular technological and surgical methods.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The operated patients were divided into two groups: group 1 - 351 (51.25 %) patients, who were operated with the use of minimally invasive technologies, and this was the main group; group 2 - 334 (48.

Clinical staging and the differential risks for clinical and functional outcomes in young people presenting for youth mental health care.

Background: Clinical staging proposes that youth-onset mental disorders develop progressively, and that active treatment of earlier stages should prevent progression to more severe disorders. This retrospective cohort study examined the longitudinal relationships between clinical stages and multiple clinical and functional outcomes within the first 12 months of care.

Methods: Demographic and clinical information of 2901 young people who accessed mental health care at age 12-25 years was collected at predetermined timepoints (baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months).

Memory recall: New behavioral protocols for examining distinct forms of context specific recall in animals.

This study outlines two novel protocols for examining context specific recall in animals prior to embarking on neurobiological studies. The approach is distinct from and contrasts with studies investigating associative familiarity that depend upon procedural variations of the widely used novel object recognition task. It uses an event arena in which animals are trained across numerous sessions to search for, find and dig up reward from sandwells during sample and choice trials - a prominent spatial event for a rodent.

Measuring, Modeling, and Forecasting the Mental Wealth of Nations.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the deep links and fragility of economic, health and social systems. Discussions of reconstruction include renewed interest in moving beyond GDP and recognizing "human capital", "brain capital", "mental capital", and "wellbeing" as assets fundamental to economic reimagining, productivity, and prosperity. This paper describes how the conceptualization of Mental Wealth provides an important framing for measuring and shaping social and economic renewal to underpin healthy, productive, resilient, and thriving communities.