Primary leptomeningeal CD30 positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma disguise as meningioma in a young adult: a case report.

Background: Primary leptomeningeal lymphoma (PLML) without brain parenchymal involvement or systemic disease is very rare, comprising of approximately 7% of all primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL). PLML is a diagnosis of exclusion which should be confirmed on biopsy after ruling out metastasis from systemic lymphomas and dissemination from PCNSL.

Case Description: A 21-year-old patient presented with the chief complaints of headache, diplopia, decreased vision for five months, and a swelling on the left side of the forehead for four months.

Pathophysiology of the Toxic Effects in Metallic Implants.

Implants play a very crucial role in modern era of medicine and address several needs in all the medical specialties. Both essential and nonessential metals released from implants at high concentrations can impair biological functions and result in toxicity involving multiple systems of the body. Furthermore, the toxicity information is typically based on exposure through dietary intake and/or occupational/environmental exposure but, since the in vivo implant environment and its composition is different or unknown, individual implants toxic effects needs to be elaborated.

Extra-Axial supratentorial anaplastic ependymoma: Unusual location of an aggressive tumor, A case report.

Introduction: Ependymomas are more common in the pediatric population, in whom they are commonly infratentorial. Extra axial location of a supratentorial ependymoma is extremely rare.

Diagnosis: Radiologically these tumors are often misdiagnosed as meningioma or other extra axial lesions owing to their unusual location and lack of any pathognomonic features.

Role of intra-operative squash cytology in rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor of the fourth ventricle: a case report.

Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) of the 4th ventricle is a newly described WHO grade I brain tumor included in recent WHO classification of CNS tumors. It is a biphasic tumor thought to originate from pluripotent progenitor cells of subependymal plate. Intra-operative diagnosis plays an important role, as complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice.