Gender disparities in utilization of statins for low density lipoprotein management across the spectrum of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Insights from the houston methodist cardiovascular disease learning health system registry.

Introduction: Lower statin utilization is reported among women compared to men, however large-scale studies evaluating gender disparities in LDL-C management in individuals with ASCVD and its subtypes remain limited, particularly across age and racial/ethnic subgroups. In this study, we address this knowledge gap using data from a large US healthcare system.

Methods: All adult patients with established ASCVD in the Houston Methodist Learning Health System Registry during 2016-2022 were included.

Dyslipidemia management in women of reproductive potential: An Expert Clinical Consensus from the National Lipid Association.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women and its incidence has been increasing recently, particularly among younger women. Across major professional society guidelines, dyslipidemia management remains a central tenet for atherosclerotic CVD prevention for both women and men. Despite this, women, particularly young women, who are candidates for statin therapy are less likely to be treated and less likely to achieve their recommended therapeutic objectives for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.

The utility of coronary artery calcium scoring to enhance cardiovascular risk assessment for South Asian adults.

South Asian individuals represent a highly diverse population and are one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the United States. This population has a high prevalence of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and a disproportionately high prevalence of coronary heart disease. To reflect this, current national society guidelines have designated South Asian ancestry as a "risk enhancing factor" which may be used to guide initiation or intensification of statin therapy.

Understanding the spectrum of cardiovascular risk in women - A primer for prevention.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women worldwide and the lifetime risk of CVD in women is similar to men. However, the pathophysiology of CVD varies between women and men necessitating a sex-specific understanding of cardiovascular (CV) risk. A belief that women have a lower CVD risk than men, and an underrepresentation in clinical research for many years has led to a paucity of evidence in the prevention and management of CVD in women.

Socioeconomic Disparities in Women's Cardiovascular Health in the United States and Canada.

Cardiovascular disease has been the leading cause of death in the United States and Canada for decades. Although it affects millions of people across a multitude of backgrounds, notable disparities in cardiovascular health are observed among women and become more apparent when accounting for race and socioeconomic status. Although intrinsic sex-specific physiologic differences predispose women to poorer outcomes, social determinants of health (SDOH) and biases at both the individual provider and the larger health care system levels play an equal, if not greater, role.

Is there a role for earlier use of combination therapy?

As the global population ages and cardiovascular risk factors rise, we can expect a continued increase in atherosclerotic disease. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction is a cornerstone of cardiovascular risk reduction with strong, causal evidence indicating that the greatest benefit is derived from early and large decreases in LDL-C. Despite the adoption of statins as the backbone of lipid-therapy regimens, numerous studies and registry analyses reveal our collective inability to achieve LDL-C goals in high-risk patients.

Identification and Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in South Asian Populations in the U.S.

South Asians (SAs, individuals with ancestry from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) are among the fastest growing ethnic subgroups in the United States. SAs typically experience a high prevalence of diabetes, abdominal obesity, and hypertension, among other cardiovascular disease risk factors, which are often under recognized and undermanaged. The excess coronary heart disease risk in this growing population must be critically assessed and managed with culturally appropriate preventive services.

Feasibility and Outcomes of Mitral Transcatheter Edge-To-Edge Repair in Patients With Variable Degrees of Mitral Annular Calcification.

Background The clinical significance of mitral annular calcification (MAC) in patients undergoing mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair is not well understood. There is limited evidence regarding the feasibility, durability of repair, and the prognostic value of MAC in this population. We sought to examine the prognostic value of MAC, its severity, and its impact on procedural success and durability of mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair.

Body Mass Index and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in United States Adults With and Without Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Findings from the National Health Interview Survey.

In a nationally representative population-based study of US adults, the authors sought to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a nationally representative sample of adults with and without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and further stratified by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. The study used data from 2006 to 2015 National Health Interview Survey and categorized participants into the following BMI categories: normal weight (20-24.9), overweight (25-29.

Effectiveness of Medical Student Counseling for Hospitalized Patients Addicted to Tobacco (MS-CHAT): a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Low-middle-income countries face an enormous burden of tobacco-related illnesses. Counseling for tobacco cessation increases the chance of achieving quit outcomes, yet it remains underutilized in healthcare settings.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that utilizing trained medical students to counsel hospitalized patients who use tobacco will lead to an increase in patient quit rates, while also improving medical student knowledge regarding smoking cessation counseling.

Neighborhood deprivation and morbid obesity: Insights from the Houston Methodist Cardiovascular Disease Health System Learning Registry.

This study examined the relationship between a validated measure of socioeconomic deprivation, such as the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and morbid obesity. We used cross-sectional data on adult patients (≥18 years) in the Houston Methodist Cardiovascular Disease Health System Learning Registry (located in Houston, Texas, USA) between June 2016 and July 2021. Each patient was grouped by quintiles of ADI, with higher quintiles signaling greater deprivation.

An Undiagnosed Ventricular Septal Rupture Presenting as New Onset Heart Failure: A Rare Complication of an Anterior Myocardial Infarction.

Ventricular septal ruptures (VSR) are a rare but fatal complication of acute myocardial infarctions. We present a patient complaining of new onset heart failure symptoms that were found to be secondary to a new ventricular septal rupture from a recently undiagnosed anterior myocardial infarction. The patient underwent successful VSR patch repair with eventual recovery.

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: pathophysiology, management, and experimental therapies.

Introduction: Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is an increasingly well-recognized condition encountered in clinical practice. Diagnosis and treatment remain extremely challenging. The limited success of currently available therapies has laid the foundation for a number of experimental therapies.

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: A Medication for Obesity Management.

Purpose Of Review: The burden of obesity worldwide is high and projected to rise. Obesity increases the risk of several cardiovascular diseases and cardiometabolic risk factors; hence, utilizing effective long-term therapies for obesity is of utmost importance. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have emerged as effective therapies that achieve substantial weight loss and improve cardiometabolic risk.

Ten things to know about ten cardiovascular disease risk factors - 2022.

The American Society for Preventive Cardiology (ASPC) "Ten things to know about ten cardiovascular disease risk factors - 2022" is a summary document regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This 2022 update provides summary tables of ten things to know about 10 CVD risk factors and builds upon the foundation of prior annual versions of "Ten things to know about ten cardiovascular disease risk factors" published since 2020. This 2022 version provides the perspective of ASPC members and includes updated sentinel references (i.

Evolving concept of dyssynchrony and its utility.

The role of electromechanical dyssynchrony in heart failure gained prominence in literature with the results of trials of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). CRT has shown to significantly decrease heart failure hospitalization and mortality in heart failure patients with dyssynchrony. Current guidelines recommend the use of electrical dyssynchrony based on a QRS > 150 ms and a left bundle branch block pattern on surface electrocardiogram to identify dyssynchrony in patients who will benefit from CRT implantation.

Heterogeneity in cardio-metabolic risk factors and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among Asian groups in the United States.

Objective: The Asian American population in the U.S. comprises various, ethnically diverse subgroups.

Determinants of Influenza Vaccine Uptake in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease and Strategies for Improvement.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Influenza infection is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure exacerbation) and mortality, and all-cause mortality in patients with CVD. Infection with influenza leads to a systemic inflammatory and thrombogenic response in the host body, which further causes destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques.

Rationale and Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Medical Student Counseling for Hospitalized Patients Addicted to Tobacco (the MS-CHAT Trial).

Globally, India is the second largest consumer of tobacco. However, Indian medical students do not receive adequate training in smoking cessation counseling. Each patient hospitalization is an opportunity to counsel smokers.

Burden of cardiovascular risk factors and disease in five Asian groups in Catalonia: a disaggregated, population-based analysis of 121 000 first-generation Asian immigrants.

Aims: To evaluate the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and disease (CVD) among five Asian groups living in Catalonia (Spain): Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Filipino, and Chinese.

Methods And Results: Retrospective cohort study using the Catalan Health Surveillance System database including 42 488 Pakistanis, 40 745 Chinese, 21 705 Indians, 9544 Filipinos, and 6907 Bangladeshis; and 5.3 million native individuals ('locals').

Standardizing hypertension management in a primary care setting in India through a protocol based model.

Hypertension is a leading cause of death in India. Control rates of hypertension are abysmal, even for people on treatment. There are a number of barriers to adequate control of hypertension in India, including therapeutic inertia and the lack of a systematic, simplified approach.

A qualitative study of facilitators and barriers to cardiovascular risk factor control in a semiurban population in India.

Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors like diabetes and hypertension are poorly controlled in both rural and urban India. This study was designed to identify the reasons for suboptimal control in a semiurban population in India. A total of 70 participants from the Study to Expand Heart Associated Treatments (SEHAT) trial, conducted in West Bengal, India.