A fungal epidemic amidst a viral pandemic: Risk factors for development of COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in India.

Purpose: To study the risk factors for development of COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Methods: Multi-centric retrospective case-control study conducted from October 2020 to May 2021. Cases comprised of consecutive patients of COVID-19-associated ROCM (CA-ROCM) presenting at the participating ophthalmic institutes.

Conjunctival Pyogenic Granuloma Masquerading as Malignant Melanoma.

Pyogenic granuloma is a common, benign, vascular growth that often appears as a rapidly growing mass on mucus membrane-lined surfaces such as the conjunctiva. Conjunctival pyogenic granulomas are common following trauma, burst chalazion or ill-fitting prosthesis. Also known as 'lobular capillary hemangiomas', these lesions typically appear bright red, fleshy and pedunculated.

Rhino-orbital mucormycosis following COVID-19 in previously non-diabetic, immunocompetent patients.

Purpose: To report a series of 13 immunocompetent patients who developed new-onset uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) following COVID-19 infection and presented as rhino-orbital mucormycosis (ROM).

Method: Retrospective study.

Results: A total of 127 patients of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM) were evaluated at four centres in India.