Hydrothermal conversion of biomass for co-production of carbon quantum dots and biofuels.

Agro-processing industries generate a substantial quantity of biomass wastes. Conversion of these wastes into valuable material could be profitable considering both environmental and economic aspects. Among various biomass conversion methods, hydrothermal conversion can be used for co-production of biofuel and other valuable materials like carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and activated carbons.

Non-fuel applications of bio-oil for sustainability in management of bioresources.

Biomass valorization by thermochemical conversion method is a promising and intriguing pathway due to the flexibility of utilizing a diverse group of biomass and biowastes, specific product delivery mechanism through manipulation of process parameters, and wide applicability of the products. Pyrolysis has been viewed as an effective valorization technique to transform biowastes into pyrolytic oil, solid char, and syngas. Syngas is generally fed to the pyrolysis process to generate heat necessary for the pyrolysis process to sustain.