The Pattern of Health-Seeking Behavior among Juang Tribe- A Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group of Odisha, India.

Introduction: Social and economic position, environment, access to healthcare, ethos, and worldview are all important determinants of people's health-seeking behavior. Tribal communities in India oscillate between their emic rationale for the cause and treatment of health concerns on the one hand and affordable modern methods on the other. The present article is based on a study conducted among the Junag tribe of Odisha to understand their acceptance and preference for traditional or modern healthcare systems and the reasons for these choices.

Role of magnesium alone or in combination with diltiazem and/or amiodarone in prevention of atrial fibrillation following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Objectives: In this study the authors have tried to examine the role of magnesium alone or in combination with diltiazem and / or amiodarone in prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Background: AF after CABG is common and contributes to morbidity and mortality. Various pharmacological preventive measures including magnesium, amiodarone, diltiazem, and combination therapy among others have been tried to lower the incidence of AF.

Perioperative management of a patient with double orifice mitral valve with supramitral ring with subaortic membrane with ventricular septal defect and severe pulmonary hypertension: Report of a rare case.

Double-orifice mitral valve (DOMV) is an unusual congenital anomaly characterized by a mitral valve with a single fibrous annulus with two orifices or rarely two orifices with two separate mitral annuli opening into the left ventricle. We present a first report of a patient with a DOMV with supramitral ring (SMR), subaortic membrane (SAM), a large ventricular septal defect (VSD) with more than 50% aortic override, and severe pulmonary arterial hypertrophy (PAH). This patient underwent excision of the SAM, and SMR, with closure of the VSD together under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Epidemiology and risk factors for multidrug-resistant bacteria in critically ill patients with liver disease.

Background And Aims: The critically ill patients with liver disease are vulnerable to infections in both community and hospital settings. The nosocomial infections are often caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. The present observational study was conducted to describe the epidemiology, course, and outcome of MDR bacterial infection and identify the risk factors of such infection in critically ill patients with liver disease.

Allele frequencies of PON1 Q192R polymorphism in four populations of India.

The allelic distribution at Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Q192R polymorphism determines differential sensitivity towards certain organophosphate pesticides. The alleles Q (Glutamine) and R (Arginine) at amino acid position 192 are responsible for the lower and higher activity of the enzyme towards paraoxon respectively, making knowledge of this distribution in different populations vital. This study reports the genotype and allele frequencies of the Gln192Arg polymorphism of PON1 in four populations of India, comprising two caste and two tribal groups hitherto unexamined for this polymorphism.

Y chromosome haplogroup distribution in Indo-European speaking tribes of Gujarat, western India.

The present study was carried out in the Indo-European speaking tribal population groups of Southern Gujarat, India to investigate and reconstruct their paternal population structure and population histories. The role of language, ethnicity and geography in determining the observed pattern of Y haplogroup clustering in the study populations was also examined. A set of 48 bi-allelic markers on the non-recombining region of Y chromosome (NRY) were analysed in 284 males; representing nine Indo-European speaking tribal populations.

Distribution of beta-globin haplotypes among the tribes of southern Gujarat, India.

The present study was carried out in Indo-European speaking tribal population groups of southern Gujarat (India) to elucidate the allelic and haplotypic content of β-globin system in individuals with HbAA genotypes. 6 neutral restriction sites of the β-globin system were analysed and various statistical parameters were estimated to draw meaningful interpretations. All the 6 sites were found to be polymorphic and most were in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in the studied group.

Haptoglobin polymorphism among the tribal groups of southern Gujarat.

Background: Gujarat is located at the western most point of the Indian subcontinent. Valsad and Surat districts are part of the 'tribal belt'of Gujarat and constitute 29.1% of total tribal population of Gujarat.

Orthodontic intervention to resolve periodontal defects: An interdisciplinary approach.

In the new era of esthetics, Orthodontic therapy has gained tremendous acceptance by adults. However,treating adults is more challenging as they present with multiple periodontal problems compromising orthodontic treatment. Hence, to provide optimal treatment to adult patients an active interaction between orthodontist and periodontist is imperative.

Genomic congruence of Indo-European speaking tribes of western India with Dravidian-speaking populations of southern India: A study of 20 autosomal DNA markers.

Background: Due to its geographic location, Gujarat has played a major role in assimilation of different cultures with those of the subcontinent of India and is home to a number of Indo-European speaking tribes.

Aim: This study examined the genetic structure and extent of gene differentiation in eight Indo-European speaking tribal populations of southern Gujarat in western India. It also determined if there was any residual effect of linguistic and cultural assimilation of Indo-European speaking groups on the genomic profile of the tribes under study.

Comparison of Midazolam and Propofol for BIS-Guided Sedation During Regional Anaesthesia.

Regional anaesthesia has become an important anaesthetic technique. Effective sedation is an essential for regional techniques too. This study compares midazolam and propofol in terms of onset & recovery from sedation, dosage and side effects of both the drugs using Bispectral Index monitoring.

Genomic and linguistic affinities: a study of allelic and haplotype diversity at DRD2 locus among the tribes of Gujarat, western India.

Do genetic and linguistic affinities necessarily go hand in hand? An attempt has been made in the present work to explore this dimension of population structure using three evolutionarily important TaqI sites (TaqI A, TaqI B, and TaqI D) on the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) locus. For the first time, DNA samples from 612 unrelated individuals belonging to 11 Indo-European-speaking tribal population groups of Gujarat, western India, have been analyzed for these three sites. All the three sites are found to be polymorphic with greater interpopulation variation seen at the TaqI B site.

Left atrial thrombus formation immediately after mitral valve replacement: a case report.

Mechanical dysfunction from valve thrombosis is a dreaded complication of valve replacement surgery, usually presenting months to years after the procedure. Here we report acute deterioration of prosthetic valve function due to intraoperative obstruction by a thrombus.