Screening COVID-19 by Swaasa AI platform using cough sounds: a cross-sectional study.

The Advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has led to the use of auditory data for detecting various diseases, including COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection has claimed more than six million lives to date and therefore, needs a robust screening technique to control the disease spread. In the present study we created and validated the Swaasa AI platform, which uses the signature cough sound and symptoms presented by patients to screen and prioritize COVID-19 patients.

Development and clinical validation of Swaasa AI platform for screening and prioritization of pulmonary TB.

Acoustic signal analysis has been employed in various medical devices. However, studies involving cough sound analysis to screen the potential pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) suspects are very few. The main objective of this cross-sectional validation study was to develop and validate the Swaasa AI platform to screen and prioritize at risk patients for PTB based on the signature cough sound as well as symptomatic information provided by the subjects.

RING finger protein TOPORS modulates the expression of tumor suppressor SMAR1 in colorectal cancer via the TLR4-TRIF pathway.

TOP1-binding arginine/serine-rich protein (TOPORS), a really interesting new gene finger protein, has the ability to bind to a palindromic consensus DNA sequence that enables it to function as a potential transcriptional regulator. However, its role in regulating the transcription of cancer-associated genes is yet to be explored. As Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonists are known to regress solid tumors, we observed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces TOPORS via a TLR4-TIR domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β-dependent pathway, which in turn modulates the transcription of tumor suppressor scaffold/matrix attachment region-binding protein 1 (SMAR1, also known as BANP).

SMAR1 suppresses the cancer stem cell population via hTERT repression in colorectal cancer cells.

One of the hallmarks of a cancer cell is the ability for indefinite proliferation leading to the immortalization of the cell. Activation of several signaling pathways leads to the immortalization of cancer cells via the reactivation of enzyme telomerase (hTERT). hTERT is active in germ cells, stem cells and also cancer cells.

Chromatin remodeling protein SMAR1 regulates adipogenesis by modulating the expression of PPARγ.

Adipogenesis is described as the process of conversion of pre-adipocytes into differentiated lipid-laden adipocytes. Adipogenesis is known to be regulated by a myriad of transcription factors and co-regulators. However, there is a dearth of information regarding the mechanisms that regulate these transcription factors and hence control adipogenesis.

Tumor suppressor SMAR1 regulates PKM alternative splicing by HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of PTBP1.

Background: Highly proliferating cancer cells exhibit the Warburg effect by regulation of PKM alternative splicing and promoting the expression of PKM2. Majority of the alternative splicing events are known to occur in the nuclear matrix where various MARBPs actively participate in the alternative splicing events. SMAR1, being a MARBP and an important tumor suppressor, is known to regulate the splicing of various cancer-associated genes.

Epigenetic Regulation of Adipogenesis in Development of Metabolic Syndrome.

Obesity is one of the biggest public health concerns identified by an increase in adipose tissue mass as a result of adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Pertaining to the importance of adipose tissue in various biological processes, any alteration in its function results in impaired metabolic health. In this review, we discuss how adipose tissue maintains the metabolic health through secretion of various adipokines and inflammatory mediators and how its dysfunction leads to the development of severe metabolic disorders and influences cancer progression.

Overview of Immune Response During SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Lessons From the Past.

After the 1918 flu pandemic, the world is again facing a similar situation. However, the advancement in medical science has made it possible to identify that the novel infectious agent is from the coronavirus family. Rapid genome sequencing by various groups helped in identifying the structure and function of the virus, its immunogenicity in diverse populations, and potential preventive measures.

Insight Into TLR4-Mediated Immunomodulation in Normal Pregnancy and Related Disorders.

Unlike organ transplants where an immunosuppressive environment is required, a successful pregnancy involves an extremely robust, dynamic, and responsive maternal immune system to maintain the development of the fetus. A specific set of hormones and cytokines are associated with a particular stage of pregnancy. Any disturbance that alters this fine balance could compromise the development and function of the placenta.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet indices in pre-eclampsia.

Objective: To compare the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and platelet indices between women with pre-eclampsia and normotensive pregnant women.

Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from January to July 2017 at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India. The study compared pregnant women aged 18-40 years with pre-eclampsia diagnosed at term with healthy pregnant women matched for gestational age.

TopicalPdb: A database of topically delivered peptides.

TopicalPdb (http://crdd.osdd.net/raghava/topicalpdb/) is a repository of experimentally verified topically delivered peptides.