Structure-function relationship of PE11 esterase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with respect to its role in virulence.

The lipolytic enzymes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis play a critical role in immunomodulation and virulence. Among these proteins, PE11 which also belongs to the PE/PPE family, is the smallest (∼10.8 kDa) and play a significant role in cell wall remodelling and virulence.

Comparative Genomic and Functional Analyses for Insights into Pantoea agglomerans Strains Adaptability in Diverse Ecological Niches.

Pantoea agglomerans inhabit diverse ecological niches, ranging from epiphytes and endophytes in plants, body of animals, and occasionally in the human system. This multifaceted bacterium contributes substantially to plant growth promotion, stress resilience, and biocontrol but can also act as a pathogen to its host. The genetic determinants underlying these diverse functions remain largely unfathomed and to uncover this phenomenon, nineteen strains of Pantoea agglomerans were selected and analyzed.

Draft genome sequence of halotolerant plant growth-promoting MHN12.

MHN12 possesses a 4,245,453-base pair genome with 45.9% G + C content, including 1 CRISPR, 80 tRNA, 8 rRNA genes, and 4,418 predicted coding sequences . MHN12 exhibits high salinity tolerance and plant growth-promoting abilities, making it a promising bioinoculant for enhancing plant growth in saline soils.

The PPE2 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is secreted during infection and facilitates mycobacterial survival inside the host.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis secrets various effector proteins to evade host immune responses for facilitating its intracellular survival. The bacterial genome encodes several unique PE/PPE family proteins, which have been implicated to play important role in mycobacterial pathogenesis. A member of this family, PPE2 have been shown to contain a monopartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a DNA binding domain.

The cause-effect relation of tuberculosis on incidence of diabetes mellitus.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest human diseases and is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity across the Globe. (Mtb), the causal agent of TB is one of the most successful pathogens known to mankind. Malnutrition, smoking, co-infection with other pathogens like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or conditions like diabetes further aggravate the tuberculosis pathogenesis.

Assessing anatomical distribution of atopic dermatitis identifies a cluster of patients with late onset and low risk of asthma and allergy: An observational study.

Background And Aims: A better understanding of distinct subgroups in atopic dermatitis (AD) is warranted. The aim was to identify and determine characteristics of clusters based on anatomical location of AD.

Methods: In this 8-week, observational, decentralized study, patients with AD completed a baseline questionnaire about anatomical location and severity of AD, and a principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to identify clusters.

Mild-to-moderate severity of psoriasis may be assessed remotely based on photographs and self-reported extent of skin involvement.

Background: Remote monitoring was used to assess and manage skin diseases.

Objective: To investigate to what extent smartphone photographs along with a self-reported body region (BR) score can be used to evaluate psoriasis severity.

Methods: Psoriasis severity was assessed in the clinic using the psoriasis area and severity index and the physician's global assessment.

Whole genome analysis for plant growth promotion profiling of CPHN2, a non-rhizobial nodule endophyte.

Reduced agricultural production as well as issues like nutrient-depleted soils, eutrophication, and groundwater contamination have drawn attention to the use of endophyte-based bioformulations to restore soil fertility. CPHN2, a non-rhizobial nodule endophyte isolated from , exhibited a variety of plant growth-promoting traits. In this study, we used NextSeq500 technology to analyze whole-genome sequence information of this plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria.

Biogenic Synthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles, Their Applications, and Toxicity Prospects.

Nanofertilizers effectively deliver the micronutrients besides reducing the phytotoxicity and environmental damage associated with chemical fertilizers. Zinc, an essential micronutrient, is significant for chloroplast development, activation of certain enzymes, and primary metabolism. Nano zinc oxide (ZnO) is the most widely used zinc nanoparticle.

Endophytism: A Multidimensional Approach to Plant-Prokaryotic Microbe Interaction.

Plant growth and development are positively regulated by the endophytic microbiome both direct and indirect perspectives. Endophytes use phytohormone production to promote plant health along with other added benefits such as nutrient acquisition, nitrogen fixation, and survival under abiotic and biotic stress conditions. The ability of endophytes to penetrate the plant tissues, reside and interact with the host in multiple ways makes them unique.

Modified Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm-Based Strategy for Brain Tumor Segmentation.

Medical image segmentation is a technique for detecting boundaries in a 2D or 3D image automatically or semiautomatically. The enormous range of the medical image is a considerable challenge for image segmentation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to aid in the detection and existence of brain tumors.

Mild to moderate atopic dermatitis severity can be reliably assessed using smartphone-photographs taken by the patient at home: A validation study.

Background: The use of photographs to diagnose and monitor skin diseases is gaining ground.

Objectives: To investigate the validity and reliability of photographic assessments of atopic dermatitis (AD) severity.

Methods: AD severity was evaluated in the clinic by two assessors using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), SCOring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), and Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA).

mtROS Induced TLR-2-SOCE Signaling Plays Proapoptotic and Bactericidal Role in -Infected Head Kidney Macrophages of .

The mechanisms underlying -induced mycobacteriosis remain unexplored. Using head kidney macrophages (HKM) from catfish (), we report that Ca surge across mitochondrial-Ca uniporter (MICU), and consequent mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production, is imperative for mycobactericidal activity. Inhibition of mtROS alleviated HKM apoptosis and enhanced bacterial survival.

inhibits autophagy triggering cytosolic translocation of mtDNA which activates the pro-apoptotic caspase-1/IL-1β-nitric oxide axis in headkidney macrophages.

The molecular mechanisms underlying -pathogenesis are not well understood. Using head kidney macrophages (HKM) of , we previously reported the role of ER-stress in -induced pathogenesis. Here, we report that PI3K/PLC-induced cytosolic-Ca imbalance induces the expression of pro-apoptotic ER-stress marker, CHOP in infected HKM.

Remote Rating of Atopic Dermatitis Severity Using Photo-Based Assessments: Proof-of-Concept and Reliability Evaluation.

Background: Digital imaging of dermatological patients is a novel approach to remote assessment and has recently become more relevant since telehealth and remote decentralized clinical trials are gaining ground.

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether photographs taken by a smartphone are of adequate quality to allow severity assessments to be made and to explore the usefulness of an established atopic dermatitis severity assessment instrument on photograph evaluation.

Methods: During scheduled visits in a previously published study, the investigating doctor evaluated the severity of atopic dermatitis using the Scoring AD (SCORAD) index and took photographs of the most representative lesions (target lesions) with both a smartphone and a digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR).

The coordinated outcome of STIM1-Orai1 and superoxide signalling is crucial for headkidney macrophage apoptosis and clearance of Mycobacterium fortuitum.

The mechanisms underlying M. fortuitum-induced pathogenesis remains elusive. Using headkidney macrophages (HKM) from Clarias gariepinus, we report that TLR-2-mediated internalization of M.